Enhanced spontaneous emission has been observed with wavelength-sized monolithic Fabry–Perot cavities containing GaAs quantum wells. With an on-resonance cavity structure, the photoluminescence intensity increases in axis direction, and lifetime is experimentally found to decrease.

We demonstrate depth profiling of polymer materials by using large argon (Ar) cluster ion beams. In general, with secondary mass spectrometry (SIMS) presents serious problems in organic materials, because the primary keV atomic beams often damage them and molecular yields decrease increasing incident fluence. Recently, we have found reduced during sputtering gas ions, reported on unique emission materials. Secondary ions from films were measured a linear type time-of-flight (TOF) technique;...

We synthesized a mosaic diamond wafer 2 in. in size (40 × 60 mm2), which consisted of 24 single-crystal (SCD) plates 10 mm2 area, by using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. Even cloning technique, cracking frequently occurred and the non-uniformity was remarkable for wafers that were larger than 1 size. This has not been observed smaller samples before. Appropriate crystallographic directions could avoid is one predominant factors fabricating large area SCD wafers. Comparison with...

The nitrilase which occurs abundantly in cells of Rhodococcus rhodochrous J1 catalyzes the direct hydrolysis 3-cyanopyridine to nicotinic acid without forming nicotinamide. By using resting cells, reaction conditions for production were optimized. Under optimum conditions, 100% added could be converted acid, highest yield achieved being 172 mg per 1.0 ml mixture containing 2.89 (dry weight) 26 h.

To analyze the relationship between tear volume and film lipid layer (TFLL) spread.Twenty-nine eyes from 22 subjects, including normal with aqueous tear-deficient dry eye, were enrolled in this study. In all eyes, radius of curvature (R: mm) central lower meniscus was measured a video-meniscometer, interference images TFLL recorded video-interferometer. Interference captured as still every 0.05 second, acquisition time for each image after blink averaged heights spreading upstroke...

A new type of nitrilase, arylacetonitrilase, has been purified from isovaleronitrile‐induced cells Alcaligenes faecalis JM3 in four steps. The purity the enzyme was confirmed by SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ampholyte electrofocusing and double immunodiffusion agarose. a molecular mass about 275 kDa consists six subunits identical mass. exhibits pH optimum 7.5 temperature 45°C. is specific for arylacetonitriles such as 2‐thiophenacetonitrile, p ‐tolylacetonitrile,...

We found two kinds of benzonitrilases, designated benzonitrilases A and B, in a cell extract Arthrobacter sp. strain J-1 grown on benzonitrile as sole carbon nitrogen source. Benzonitrilases B were purified approximately 409-fold 38-fold, respectively. Purified benzonitrilase appeared to be homogeneous according the criteria polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Both enzymes hydrolyzed benzoic acid ammonia without forming benzamide an intermediate. The molecular weights 30,000 23,000, subunit...

In this study, we present molecular depth profiling of multilayer structures composed organic semiconductor materials such as tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3) and 4,4'-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (NPD). Molecular ions produced from Alq3 NPD were measured by linear-type time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry under 5.5 keV Ar70) ion bombardment. The films analyzed etched with large Ar cluster beams, the interfaces between layers clearly distinguished. effect temperature on...

We fabricated so-called mosaic single-crystal-diamond (SCD) wafers that consist of SCD sub-crystals with identical characteristics. These sub-crystal clones were obtained from a seed crystal by repeating the lift-off process using ion implantation. found junctions between cloned smoothly covered and no abnormal growth occurred along junctions. Therefore, can be applied to production freestanding same size. Based on these findings, we have succeeded in synthesizing 1 in. diamond wafers.

Abstract Crystalline l-tyrosine phenol lyase of Escherichia intermedia A-21 is inactive in the absence added pyridoxal phosphate. Half-maximal enzymatic activity obtained at a concentration 1.3 x 10-6 m Binding phosphate to apoenzyme accompanied by pronounced increase absorbance 340 and 430 mµ. Holotyrosine requires K+ or NH4+ for its maximal activity, but Na+ inactive. When replaced Na+, small decrease mµ observed. The amount bound was determined equilibrium dialysis spectrophotometric...

GCL-2000 superfine was purchased from Seikagaku Kogyo Co. (Tokyo).All other chemicals used were commercial sources and reagent-grade.NH2-terminal Sequence Analysis-Nitrilase purified R.rhodochrous J1 as described previously (12), the enzyme (1 mg in 1 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.5) directly for NHz-terminal sequence analysis by automated Edman degradation with an Applied Biosystems Model 470A Gas-Phase Amino Acid Sequencer.The phenylthiohydantoin-derivatives separated identified...

Bromoperoxidase was purified from the crude extract of Corallina pilulifera to be homogeneous upon polyacrylamide disc gel and sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide electrophoreses according procedures previously reported (Itoh, N., Izumi, Y., Yamada, H. (1985) Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.13 1, 428-435).The enzyme had a molecular weight approximately 790,000 composed 12 subunits identical weights (Mr 64,000).Hexagonal shapes were observed by electron microscopy.The isoelectric point 3.0,...

Dislocations in semiconductor crystals are desirably minimized as much possible, since their presence typically deteriorates device performance. While diamond electronics have demonstrated superior properties, they not fulfilled material limit yet. To further improve performance, a low dislocation density and high-quality epitaxial layer required. In this study, films homoepitaxially grown by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition accompanying W incorporations from heated metal-wires. The...

Abstract Plasma-assisted polishing (PAP) as a damage-free and highly efficient technique has been widely applied to difficult-to-machine wide-gap semiconductor materials such 4H-SiC (0001) GaN (0001). In this study, 20-mm square large mosaic single crystal diamond (SCD) substrate synthesized by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was polished PAP. Argon-based containing oxygen used in PAP modify the surface of quartz glass plate, high material removal rate (MRR) 13.3 μm/h...