A5039498150- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Biomedical Research and Pathophysiology
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
University of Helsinki
2012-2023
Biocenter Finland
2021-2023
Finland University
2023
University of Jyväskylä
2006-2010
The University of Texas at Austin
2010
Texas Tech University
1994-2010
Institute for Biomedicine
2010
Tampere University
2006
Finnish Red Cross
2006
Utrecht University
1982-2005
Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage caused by deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A that affects males and shows expression in heterozygotes. The characteristic progressive renal insufficiency, cardiac involvement, neuropathology usually are ascribed to globotriaosylceramide accumulation the endothelium. However, no direct correlation exists between lipid clinical manifestations, treatment patients with recombinant enzymes does not reverse several key signs despite clearance from We...
Electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is a very promising tool for the analysis of phospholipid compositions, but hampered by fact that not all molecular species are detected with equal efficiency. We studied this and other issues need to be taken into account obtain truly quantitative compositional data. The key findings were as follows: First, instrument response both saturated unsaturated decreased increasing acyl chain length. This effect became increasingly prominent...
In this study, we compared the transport of newly synthesized cholesterol with that influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) from endoplasmic reticulum to plasma membrane. The arrival on cell surface was monitored by cyclodextrin removal, and HA trypsinization endoglycosidase H digestion. We found disassembly Golgi complex brefeldin A treatment resulted in partial inhibition while completely blocking transport. Further, microtubule depolymerization nocodazole inhibited a similar extent. When...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1-Palmitoyl-2-pyrenedecanoyl glycerophospholipids as membrane probes: evidence for regular distribution in liquid-crystalline phosphatidylcholine bilayersPentti J. Somerharju, Jorma A. Virtanen, Kari K. Eklund, Petri Vainio, and Paavo KinnunenCite this: Biochemistry 1985, 24, 11, 2773–2781Publication Date (Print):May 21, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 21 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00332a027RIGHTS &...
New software tools for quantitative analysis of mass spectrometric lipidome data have been developed. The LIMSA tool finds and integrates peaks in a spectrum, matches the with user-supplied list expected lipids, corrects overlap their isotopic patterns, quantifies identified lipid species according to internal standards. Three different algorithms correction (deconvolution) were implemented compared. has convenient user interface can be applied on any type MS spectrum. Typically, one...
Although the phospholipid composition of erythrocyte membrane has been studied extensively, it remains an enigma as to how observed arises and is maintained. We show here that human a whole, well its individual leaflets, closely predicted by model proposing head groups tend adopt regular, superlattice-like lateral distributions. The from most other mammalian species, platelet plasma membrane, also agrees with predictions superlattice model. Statistical analyses indicate agreement between...
Recent advances in mass spectrometry have revolutionized the analysis of lipid compositions cells and other biomaterials by simplifying analytical protocol dramatically increasing sensitivity detection several orders magnitude. However, throughput published spectrometric methods is severely limited data analysis, which requires extensive operator involvement. Consequently, we developed an automated method that allows unattended identification quantification molecular species all major...
Sphingomyelin (SM) is a vital component of cellular membranes in organisms ranging from mammals to protozoa. Its production involves the transfer phosphocholine phosphatidylcholine ceramide, yielding diacylglycerol process. The mammalian genome encodes two known SM synthase (SMS) isoforms, SMS1 and SMS2. However, relative contributions these enzymes cells remained be established. Here we show that SMS2 are co-expressed variety cell types function as key Golgi- plasma membrane-associated...
Ceramides are central intermediates of sphingolipid metabolism with critical functions in cell organization and survival. They synthesized on the cytosolic surface endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transported by ceramide transfer protein to Golgi for conversion sphingomyelin (SM) SM synthase SMS1. In this study, we report identification an SMS1-related (SMSr) enzyme, which catalyses synthesis analogue phosphoethanolamine (CPE) ER lumen. Strikingly, SMSr produces only trace amounts CPE, i.e.,...
Significance Membrane phosphoinositides have emerged as key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton in cell migration, morphogenesis, cytokinesis, and endocytosis. However, molecular mechanisms by which actin-binding proteins (ABPs) interact with phosphoinositide-rich membranes remain remarkably poorly understood. By applying a combination biochemical, biophysical, atomistic dynamics simulation approaches on six central ABPs, we discovered that they employ multivalent electrostatic interactions...
Macrophages and dendritic cells continuously survey their environment in search of foreign particles soluble antigens. Such surveillance involves the ongoing extension actin-rich protrusions consequent formation phagosomes macropinosomes. The signals inducing this constitutive cytoskeletal remodeling have not been defined. We report that, unlike nonphagocytic cells, macrophages immature elevated levels phosphatidic acid (PA) plasma membrane. plasmalemmal PA is synthesized by phosphorylation...
1. Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) mediates conversion of high-density lipoprotein (HDL3) to large particles, with concomitant release apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I). To study the mechanisms involved in this conversion, reconstituted HDL (rHDL) particles containing either fluorescent pyrenylacyl cholesterol ester (PyrCE) their core (PyrCE-rHDL) or phosphatidylcholine (PyrPC) surface lipid layer (PyrPC-rHDL) were prepared. Upon incubation PLTP they behaved as native HDL3, that size...
To analyze the contribution of vesicular trafficking pathways in cellular cholesterol transport we examined effects selected endosomal Rab proteins on distribution by filipin staining. Transient overexpression Rab11 resulted prominent accumulation free Rab11-positive organelles that sequestered transferrin receptors and internalized transferrin. Sphingolipids were selectively redistributed as pyrene-sphingomyelin sulfatide cosequestered with endosomes, whereas globotriaosyl ceramide GM2...
Many mammalian ABC transporters move membrane lipids to acceptor lipid assemblies in the extracellular aqueous milieu. Because desorption from costs more energy than provided by two ATPs, transporter probably only translocates a partially hydrophilic site on its face. From this high‐energy site, may efficiently acceptor, which ideally is bound transporter, or, absence of an fall back into membrane. If originated cytosolic surface, represents flop and side activity transporters.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinding of cytochrome c to liposomes as revealed by the quenching fluorescence from pyrene-labeled phospholipidsPekka Mustonen, Jorma A. Virtanen, Pentti J. Somerharju, and Paavo K. KinnunenCite this: Biochemistry 1987, 26, 11, 2991–2997Publication Date (Print):June 2, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 2 June 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00385a006https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00385a006research-articleACS...
Phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PITPs) are versatile required for signal transduction and membrane traffic. The best characterized mammalian PITPs the Class I PITPs, PITPα (PITPNA) PITPβ (PITPNB), which single domain with a hydrophobic cavity that binds phosphatidylinositol (PI) or phosphatidylcholine molecule. In this study, we report lipid binding properties of an uncharacterized soluble PITP, protein, cytoplasmic 1 (PITPNC1) (alternative name, RdgBβ), II family. We show protein...
Mechanisms leading to osteoporosis are incompletely understood. Genetic disorders with skeletal fragility provide insight into metabolic pathways contributing bone strength. We evaluated 6 families rare phenotypes and by next-generation sequencing. In all the families, we identified a heterozygous variant in SGMS2, gene prominently expressed cortical encoding plasma membrane-resident sphingomyelin synthase SMS2. Four unrelated shared same nonsense variant, c.148C>T (p.Arg50*), whereas other...
Abstract Phospholipids (PL) in cerebral cortex from patients with infantile (INCL or CLN1) and juvenile (JNCL CLN3) forms of neuronal ceroid‐lipofuscinosis (NCL) controls were analysed by normal phase HPLC on‐line electrospray ionization ion‐trap mass spectrometric detection (LC‐ESI‐MS). The method provided quantitative data on numerous molecular species different PL classes, which are not achieved using the conventional chromatographic methods. Compared controls, INCL brains contained...