A new series of dendron-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) derivatives, characterized by the presence numerous positively charged tetraalkyl ammonium salts at periphery dendron, has been synthesized. The positive charges on MWNT surface, coupled with unique ability nanotubes (CNTs) to penetrate cell membranes, make derivatives potentially ideal vectors for siRNA delivery. Using a fluorescently labeled, noncoding sequence, we demonstrate that cytoplasmic delivery nucleic acid...

Septins are conserved cytoskeletal proteins that regulate cell cortex mechanics. The mechanisms of their interactions with the plasma membrane remain poorly understood. Here, we show by cell-free reconstitution binding to flat lipid membranes requires electrostatic septins anionic lipids and promotes ordered self-assembly fly into filamentous meshworks. Transmission electron microscopy reveals both mammalian septin hexamers form arrays single paired filaments. Atomic force quartz crystal...

Atomic force microscopy nanografting was utilized to prepare DNA nanopatches of different sizes (200 × 200 1000 nm2) onto which DNA−protein conjugates can be anchored through DNA-directed immobilization. Height measurements were used assess the binding proteins as well their subsequent interaction with other components, such antibodies. The results indicate that nanografted patch arrays are suited for application in biosensing and could enable fabrication multifeature protein nanoarrays.

Abstract Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), a category of linear, anionic polysaccharides, are ubiquitous in the extracellular space, and important extrinsic regulators cell function. Despite recognized significance mechanical stimuli cellular communication, however, only few single molecule methods currently available to study how monovalent multivalent GAG·protein bonds respond directed forces. Here, we have devised such method, by combining purpose-designed surfaces that afford immobilization...

Abstract The worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 has been characterised by the emergence several variants concern (VOCs) presenting an increasing number mutations in viral genome. spike glycoprotein, responsible for engaging receptor ACE2, exhibits highest density mutations, suggesting ongoing evolution to optimize entry. However, previous studies focussed on isolated molecular interactions, neglecting intricate composition plasma membrane and interplay between attachment factors. Our study...

We demonstrate that, contrary to current understanding, the density of probe molecules is not responsible for lack hybridization in high single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). To this end, we use nanografting fabricate well packed ss-DNA nanopatches within a "carpet matrix" SAM inert thiols on gold surfaces. The surface varied by changing "writing" parameters, example, tip speed, and number scan lines. Since 50 times more flexible than ds-DNA, leads transition...

Summary Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Puumala virus (PUUV) leads to vascular dysfunction contributing acute kidney injury and pulmonary complications. The endothelial glycocalyx (eGLX) is crucial for integrity, its degradation may exacerbate disease severity. In this study, we examined the association between eGLX in 44 patients laboratory-confirmed PUUV infection. We measured plasma levels of markers - syndecan-1, heparan sulfate, soluble thrombomodulin, albumin...

The spread of SARS-CoV-2 led to the emergence several variants concern (VOCs). spike glycoprotein, responsible for engaging viral receptor, exhibits highest density mutations, suggesting an ongoing evolution optimize entry. This study characterizes bond formed by virion mimics carrying protein and plasma membrane host cells in early stages virus Contrary traditional analysis isolated ligand–receptor pairs, we utilized well-defined biomimetic models biochemical biophysical techniques...

Abstract Human apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has been shown to play important roles during primary infection and pathogenesis of several viruses. Furthermore, epidemiological studies suggest that interactions between ApoE 4 herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV1) could associate with higher risk Alzheimer’s disease. Nevertheless, little is known about the ApoE-HSV1 at molecular levels. Here, we investigate effects on HSV1 in vitro. Our results show promotes growth, which attributed incorporation into...

Lipid packing is a fundamental characteristic of bilayer membranes. It affects all membrane-associated processes ranging from curvature generation to membrane fission. Yet, we lack detailed, mechanistic understanding how lipid directly these in cellular Here, address this by focusing on caveolae, small Ω-shaped invaginations the plasma which serve as key regulators sorting and mechano-responses. In addition caveolae coat proteins, core component that critically impacts both biogenesis,...

Abstract Immune surveillance involves the continual migration of antigen-scavenging immune cells from tissues to downstream lymph nodes via lymphatic vessels. To enable such passage, first dock with entry receptor LYVE-1 on outer surface endothelium, using their endogenous hyaluronan glycocalyx, anchored by a second receptor, CD44. Why process should require two different receptors and which specific mechanism • interaction enables is however unknown. Here we describe crystal structures...

Mucoadhesive formulations orally would achieve a substantial increase in the length of stay drug GI tract. microsphere carrier systems are made from biodegradable polymers sustained delivery. Among all fabricated formulations, F9 was optimized as final formulation showing first order release kinetics and extended profile over period 10h (73.1%) fitted to our desired target, with acceptable microencapsulation efficiency (78 %) mucoadhesive property (76%). having good flow properties, smaller...

The extracellular polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) is ubiquitous in all vertebrate tissues, where its various functions are encoded the supramolecular complexes and matrices that it forms with HA-binding proteins (hyaladherins). In these architectures frequently subjected to mechanical stress, yet how this affects intermolecular bonding largely unknown. Here, we used a recently developed single-molecule force spectroscopy platform analyze compare strength of bonds between HA panel hyaladherins...

Nanografted monolayers (NAMs) of DNA show novel physico-chemical properties that make them ideally suited for advanced biosensing applications. In comparison with alternative solid-phase techniques diagnostic detection, NAMs have the advantage combining a small size high homogeneity surface coverage. These two favour extreme miniaturization and ultrasensitivity in high-throughput devices. The systematic use quantitative (and protein) detection has so far suffered from lack control on key...

The biological functions of natural polyelectrolytes are strongly influenced by the presence ions, which bind to polymer chains and thereby modify their properties. Although impact such modifications is well recognized, a detailed molecular picture binding process mechanisms that drive subsequent structural changes in lacking. Here, we study mechanism condensation calcium, divalent cation, on hyaluronan, ubiquitous human tissues. By combining two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy experiments...

Certain human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are etiological agents for several anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. During initial infection, HPV16, the most prevalent cancer-causing type, specifically interacts with heparan sulfates (HSs), not only enabling cell attachment but also triggering a crucial conformational change in viral capsids termed structural activation. It is unknown, whether these HPV16-HS interactions depend on HS sulfation patterns. Thus, we probed potential roles of...

Transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is a progressive disorder characterized by peripheral neuropathy, autonomic dysfunction, and cardiomyopathy. The precise mechanism which TTR misfolds forms fibrils in vivo remains incompletely understood, posing challenges to the development of effective therapeutics. In this study, we reveal that recently identified non-native pathological species (NNTTR), enriched plasma ttr-val30met gene carriers, exhibits strong amyloidogenic properties, making it...

Significance Vibrio cholerae , responsible for outbreaks of cholera disease, is a highly motile organism by virtue single flagellum. We describe how the flagellum facilitates secretion three V. proteins encoded hitherto-unrecognized genomic island. The MakA/B/E can form tripartite toxin that lyses erythrocytes and cytotoxic to cultured human cells. A structural basis cytolytic activity Mak was obtained X-ray crystallography. Flagellum-facilitated ensuring spatially coordinated delivery...

Understanding antigen-antibody interactions is important to many emerging medical and bioanalytical applications. In particular, the levels of antigen expression at cell surface may determine antibody-mediated death. This parameter has a clear effect on outcome in patients undergoing immunotherapy. this context, CD20 which expressed membrane B cells received significant attention as target for immunotherapy leukemia lymphoma using monoclonal antibody rituximab. To systematically study impact...

The proteinaceous capsid and internal membrane vesicle of bacteriophage PRD1 bond to create a tough composite material that protects the integrity virus its genome.

Addressing the effect of different environmental factors on adsorption DNA to solid supports is critical for development robust miniaturized devices applications ranging from biosensors next generation molecular technology.

The polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) is a main component of peri- and extracellular matrix, an attractive molecule for materials design in tissue engineering nanomedicine. Here, we study the morphology complexes that form upon interaction nanometer-sized amine-coated gold particles with this anionic, linear, regular biopolymer solution grafted to surface. We find cationic nanoparticles (NPs) have profound effects on HA molecular supramolecular scale. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) shows...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionSynthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanotube−Dendron Series for Efficient siRNA DeliveryM. Antonia Herrero, Francesca M. Toma, Khuloud T. Al-Jamal, Kostas Kostarelos*, Alberto Bianco*, Tatiana Da Ros, Fouzia Bano, Loredana Casalis, Giacinto Scoles, Maurizio Prato*Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 5, 1731Publication Date (Web):January 15, 2010Publication History Received30 November...