Timothy J. Carroll
A5019671194- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Sports Performance and Training
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Action Observation and Synchronization
- Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Sports injuries and prevention
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Sport Psychology and Performance
- Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience
- Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Esophageal and GI Pathology
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
The University of Queensland
2016-2025
University of Chicago
2023-2025
Nutrition Sciences (Belgium)
2016-2024
National Technical Information Service
2021
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
2021
Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine
2016
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2016
Université de Bordeaux
2016
Committee on Publication Ethics
2016
University of Malaya
2016
When sharing load among multiple muscles, humans appear to select an optimal pattern of activation that minimizes costs such as the effort or variability movement. How nervous system achieves this behavior, however, is unknown. Here we show contrary predictions from control theory, habitual muscle patterns are surprisingly robust changes in limb biomechanics. We first developed a method simulate joint forces real time electromyographic recordings wrist muscles. model was altered effects...
Although it has long been supposed that resistance training causes adaptive changes in the CNS, sites and nature of these adaptations have not previously identified. In order to determine whether neural occur a greater extent at cortical or subcortical we compared effects on electromyographic (EMG) responses transcranial magnetic (TMS) electrical (TES) stimulation. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from first dorsal interosseous muscle 16 individuals before after 4 weeks for index...
Although it has long been known that practicing a motor task with one limb can improve performance the opposite, mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we tested hypothesis improved untrained on fastest possible (i.e. ballistic) movement depends partly cortical circuits located ipsilateral to trained limb. The idea crossed effects, which are important for learning process, might occur in ‘untrained’ hemisphere following ballistic training is based observation tasks requiring strong...
The observation that the activity of multiple muscles can be well approximated by a few linear synergies is viewed some as sign such low-dimensional modules constitute key component neural control system. Here, we argue usefulness muscle principle should evaluated in terms errors produced not only space, but also task space. We used data from force-aiming two dimensions at wrist, using an electromyograms (EMG)-driven virtual biomechanics technique overcomes typical predicting force recorded...
Traditional views of sensorimotor adaptation (i.e., movements to perturbed sensory feedback) emphasize the role automatic, implicit correction prediction errors. However, latent memories formed during adaptation, manifest as improved relearning (e.g., savings), have recently been attributed strategic corrections task errors (failures achieve goals). To dissociate contributions and memories, we target locations remove or enforce learning and/or test, with male/female human participants....
Abstract The objective of this study was to determine if a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) method quantifying the degree which motor cortex drives muscles during voluntary efforts can be reliably applied human knee extensors. Although technique for estimating “cortical” activation (VA) is valid and reliable elbow flexors wrist extensors, evidence that it lower limb necessary twitch interpolation with TMS widely used in research or clinical practice. Eight subjects completed two...
Muscle fatigue is a reduction in the capacity to exert force and may involve "central" component originating brain and/or spinal cord. Here we examined whether supraspinal factors contribute impaired central drive after locomotor endurance exercise. On 2 separate days, 10 moderately active individuals completed cycling exercise session or control session. Brief (2 s) sustained (30 isometric knee extension contractions were before consisting of eight, 5-min bouts at 80% maximum workload. In...
It has long been known that practicing a task with one limb can result in performance improvements the opposite, untrained limb. Hypotheses to account for cross-limb transfer of state effect is mediated either by neural adaptations higher order control centers are accessible both limbs, or there “spillover” drive opposite hemisphere results bilateral adaptation. Here we address these hypotheses assessing and corticospinal excitability hands after unilateral practice ballistic finger...
The neural adaptations that accompany strength training have yet to be fully determined. Here we sought address this topic by testing the idea might share similar mechanisms with some forms of motor learning. Since ballistic learning is accompanied a shift in muscle twitches induced transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) toward direction, investigate if these changes also occur after single isometric sessions various contraction duration and rate force development characteristics (i.e.,...
During sensorimotor adaptation, implicit error-driven learning can be isolated from explicit strategy-driven reaiming by subtracting self-reported aiming directions movement directions, or restricting preparation time. Here, we compared the two methods. Restricting times did not eliminate re-aiming but was sufficient to suppress during adaptation with widely distributed targets. The self-report method produced a discrepancy in estimated and measured no-feedback trials.
Perturbations of sensory feedback evoke prediction errors (discrepancies between predicted and actual outcomes movements), reward rewards rewards). When our task is to hit a target, we expect succeed in hitting the so experience error if perturbation causes us miss it. These discrepancies intended outcomes, termed "task errors," are thought drive use strategic processes restore success, although their role incompletely understood. Here, as participants adapted 30° rotation cursor...