A previously unrecognized nonmuscle myosin II heavy chain (NMHC II), which constitutes a distinct branch of the nonmuscle/smooth muscle family, has recently been revealed in genome data bases. We characterized biochemical properties and expression patterns this myosin. Using nucleotide probes affinity-purified antibodies, we found that distribution NMHC II-C mRNA protein (MYH14) is widespread human mouse organs but quantitatively qualitatively from II-A II-B. In contrast to II-B, level fetal...

Ablation of nonmuscle myosin (NM) II-A or NM II-B results in mouse embryonic lethality. Here, we report the ablating II-C as well II-C/II-B together mice. ablated mice survive to adulthood and show no obvious defects compared with wild-type littermates. However, ablation expressing only 12% amounts a marked increase cardiac myocyte hypertrophy hypomorphic alone. In addition, these hearts develop interstitial fibrosis associated diffuse N-cadherin β-catenin localization at intercalated discs,...

Increasingly, the role of chronic inflammation and its mediators in tumor generation progression is gaining importance field cancer research. In this context, candidature non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as potential anti-tumor therapeutic agent being evaluated globally. present study we have anti-cancer effect a series newly synthesized naproxen derivatives on human breast cell lines. MCF-7 (poorly invasive) MDA-MB-231 (highly cells were treated with different concentrations...

RNA interference (RNAi) treatment of monkey COS-7 cells, a cell line that lacks nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-A (NMHC II-A) but contains NMHC II-B and II-C, was used to investigate the participation isoforms in cytokinesis. We specifically suppressed expression or II-C using 21 nucleotide small interfering (siRNA) duplexes. Down-regulation protein 10.2 ± 0.7% inhibited proliferation by 50% RNAi-treated cells compared with control cells. Moreover, whereas 8.7 1.0% were multinucleated, 62.4...

This manuscript reports H-bonding regulated morphology control in aqueous supramolecular assemblies of naphthalene-diimide (NDI)-derived sulfated amphiphiles and its direct correlation with antiviral activity. NDI-1 a hydrazide group produces polymersome structure an efficient display the sulfate groups on outer surface, resulting excellent activity by fusion mechanism. NDI-3 lacking any or NDI-2 having amide particle-like worm-like structures, respectively, significantly low Confocal...

ABSTRACT Transcriptional activation of diverse cellular genes by the X protein (HBx) hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been suggested as one mechanisms for HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. However, such functions HBx have studied using transformed cells in culture and not examined normal adult hepatocytes, a natural host HBV. Using an efficient hepatocyte-specific virus-based gene delivery system developed our laboratory earlier, we action vivo. We demonstrate that following...

Nonmuscle myosin IIs play an essential role during cytokinesis. Here, we explore the function of alternatively spliced isoform nonmuscle heavy chain (NMHC) II-C, called NMHC II-C1, in A549 human lung tumor cell line II-C1 contains insert 8 amino acids head region II-C. First, show that there is a marked increase both mRNA encoding and protein lines compared with nontumor derived from same tissue. Quantification amount II isoforms cells shows amounts II-A are about equal substantially greater...

Ternary zinc(<sc>ii</sc>)–NSAID complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione have potential as anti-tumor drugs exhibiting anti-inflammatory potential. The cause <italic>in vitro</italic> delay in cellular migration and down-regulate EMT-related genes.

Comparison of amino acid sequence similarity is the fundamental concept behind protein phylogenetic tree formation. By virtue this method, we can explain evolutionary relationships, but further explanations are not possible unless sequences studied through chemical nature individual acids. Here develop a new methodology to characterize on basis We design various algorithms for studying variation group transitions and combinations as patterns in sequences. The conventional myosin II head...

We report a novel isoform of non-muscle myosin II-C (NM II-C), NM II-C2, that is generated by alternative splicing an exon, C2, encoding 41 amino acids in mice (33 humans). The are inserted into loop 2 the heavy chain within actin binding region. Unlike most vertebrate and smooth muscle IIs, baculovirus-expressed mouse meromyosin (HMM) II-C2 demonstrates no requirement for regulatory light (MLC(20)) phosphorylation maximum actin-activated MgATPase activity or vitro motility as measured...

Abstract A simple strategy for designing salt‐based supramolecular gelators comprised of various nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and amantadine (AMN) (an antiviral drug) has been demonstrated using a synthon approach. Single‐crystal powder X‐ray diffraction established the existence well‐studied gel‐forming 1D synthon, namely, primary ammonium monocarboxylate (PAM) in all salts. Remarkably five out six salts were found to be capable gelling methyl salicylate (MS)—an important...

A conventional drug delivery system requires a vehicle which often faces various problems such as inefficient loading into the and its release, cytotoxicity biodegradability of vehicle, etc., whereas supramolecular gel based self-delivery delivers gelator at target site without using any thereby getting rid problems. Here, simple salt formation strategy has been employed to convert well known anti-allergic (cetirizine) for purpose making topical in vivo applications. The cetirizine tyramine...

For a long time cancer cells are known for increased uptake of glucose and its metabolization through glycolysis. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is key regulatory enzyme this pathway can produce ATP oxidative level phosphorylation. Previously, we reported that GAPDH purified from variety malignant tissues, but not normal was strongly inactivated by metabolite, methylglyoxal (MG). Molecular mechanism behind MG mediated inhibition in well understood.GAPDH Ehrlich ascites...

Though many cancers are known to show up-regulation of nonmuscle myosin (NM) IIA and IIB, the mechanism by which NMIIs aid in cancer development remains unexplored. Here we demonstrate that tumor-generating, fibroblast-like cells isolated from 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC)-induced murine tumor exhibit distinct phospho-dependent localization NMIIA NMIIB at perinuclear area tip filopodia affect cell migration differentially. While NMIIA-KD affects protrusion dynamics increases directionality,...

Abstract A global emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic demands various studies related genes and genomes of SARS-CoV2. Among other important proteins, role accessory proteins are immense importance in replication, regulation infections coronavirus hosts. The largest SARS-CoV2 genome is ORF3a which modulates host response virus infection consequently it plays an pathogenesis. In this study, attempt made decipher conservation nucleotides, dimers, codons amino acids across thirty two Indian...

The clinical manifestation of the recent pandemic COVID-19, caused by novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, varies from mild to severe respiratory illness. Although environmental, demographic and co-morbidity factors have an impact on severity disease, contribution mutations in each viral genes towards degree needs a deeper understanding for designing better therapeutic approach against COVID-19. Open Reading Frame-3a (ORF3a) protein has been found be mutated at several positions. In this work, we studied...

Abstract Enveloped viruses enter host cells through membrane fusion and the in turn alter their shape to accommodate components of virus. However, role nonmuscle myosin II actomyosin complex is yet be understood. Herein, we show that both (−) blebbistatin, a specific inhibitor (NMII) small interfering RNA markedly augment Sendai virus (SeV), with chinese hamster ovary human hepatocarcinoma cells. Inhibition RLC phosphorylation using inhibitors against ROCK, but not PKC MRCK, or...

Binding of a specific siRNA to the target mRNA in live cell (human breast cancer cell, MCF-7) is studied by confocal microscopy. The (labeled with fluorophore, alexa 488) exhibits much higher intensity fluorescence bound state than free (unbound) state. It observed that repeated unbinding and rebinding (to mRNA) occur before gene silencing. 16 273 on-time periods (residence or dwell time form) are detected. They follow strikingly simple pattern. All odd-integral multiples 5.5 ± 0.05 ms. This...

As on May 24, 2020, in the NCBI database, there are complete genome sequences of SARS-CoV2 from 128 Indian patients. In this present study, variations among these genomes based missense mutations accounted and thereby some key findings with hypotheses made. These across various genes show a wide genetic sequence rapid evolution virus.

Hydrogel nanoparticles of cross‐linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP‐NP) (35–50 nm in diameter) containing fluoresceinated dextran (FITC‐Dx) were encapsulated reconstituted Sendai viral envelopes only the fusion (F) protein (F‐virosomes 1 ). Incubation these loaded F‐virosomes with human hepatoblastoma cells (HepG2) culture resulted membrane‐fusion‐mediated delivery NPs to cell cytoplasm, as inferred from ability internalize FITC‐Dx PVP‐NP (PVP f ‐NP) presence azide (an inhibitor endocytotic...

The human hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) is known as a dual‐specificity transactivator stimulating the transcriptional machinery in nucleus and signal transduction pathways cytoplasm. HBx‐induced activation of mitogen‐activated kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades considered to play an important role virus‐mediated hepatocarcinogenesis. Herein, we have identified regions HBx that are crucial for activating such vivo. A truncated mutant incorporating C–E (amino acids 58–140) was effective...

It is the promise of regeneration and therapeutic applications that has sparked an interest in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Following infusion, MSCs migrate to sites injury or inflammation by virtue their homing property. To exert optimal clinical benefits, systemically delivered need efficiently adequate numbers pathological areas vivo. However, underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for MSC migration are still not well understood. The Wharton's jelly (WJ) umbilical cord attractive...