Analyses were conducted on 10 grass species from permanent grasslands in the Noteć Leniwa and Bystra valley. Their chemical composition was assayed, their heat of combustion heating value determined. The cellulose content ranged 33.38% to 38.68%, while lignin 15.42% 21.99%, that hemicellulose 30.27% 34.31%. grasses comparable wood 2- 3-year-old willows other fast-growing energy crops. However, calorific naturally dried may be slightly lower. quantities minerals these grasses, exceeding those...

The chemical composition of wood depends on many factors, including plant growth conditions. Among the dangerous elements it was decided in this study to select arsenic various forms: As(III), As(V) and cacodylic acid (DMAA), as well concentrations mutual combinations. experiment conducted 1-year old elm seedlings planted pots with an addition Knop medium arsenic. Supplementation substrate each form caused changes contents cellulose lignin extractive substances those soluble 1% NaOH. Arsenic...

From the point of view farming utilization, investigations on recognition mineral composition sedges appears important, appropriate and useful. Sedges are often found in many meadow pasture communities. It is therefore worth paying attention to content their tissues possible impact organisms farm animals such as pigs. The basic objective this study was determine concentration selected macro microelements: phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), iron (Fe),...

Lignocellulosic biomass, including that of energy crops, can be an alternative source to produce activated carbons (ACs). Miscanthus and switchgrass straw were used ACs in a two-step process. Crushed plant material was carbonized at 600 °C then obtained carbon using NaOH or KOH 750 °C. The content surface oxygen groups determined Boehm’s method. porosity assayed the nitrogen adsorption/desorption technique, while their thermal resistance thermogravimetric derived from miscanthus...

Abstract The results of anaerobic digestion (AD) buttermilk (BM) and cheese whey (CW) with a digested sewage sludge as inoculum is described. substrate/inoculum mixtures were prepared using 10% 15% whey. essential parameters the materials described, including: total solids (TS), volatile (VS), pH, conductivity, C/N ratio (the quantitative organic carbon (C) to nitrogen (N)), alkalinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD). potential directions biodegradation waste types, used in this study, are...

The aim of the study was to determine quantitative and qualitative changes taking place in biomass components actively participating methane fermentation, i.e., carbohydrates, as a result chemical pretreatment. Analyses were conducted on agricultural waste (corn stover, also called corn straw, corncobs) materials most commonly used well poplar wood, material relatively rarely biogas production. Pretreatment with increasing efficiency fermentation carried out use acid alkaline solutions...

Methane fermentation, which is one of the key processes in biogas production, plays an important role conversion biomass to energy. During this process, changes occur chemical composition organic feedstocks, including grasses. The assessment these crucial for efficiency and productivity production. material study comprised fully mature grass blades with leaves inflorescences was collected from extensively used meadows pastures, as well cultivated set-aside areas Wielkopolskie Voivodeship,...

The purpose of the paper is designation changes in structure cellulose after methane fermentation process Miscanthus and Sorghum harvested during growing season afterwards. percentage before were studied. Investigations into conducted by SEC, FT-IR XRD methods. average for varieties was higher lower. As a result fermentation, both investigated species two growth seasons degree polymerisation plants lower most feedstock. process, polymerization increased each However, crystallinity remained...

The article describes a pilot study on wastewater treatment plant operating biogas (2.793 MW).The authors of the experiment used organic waste material, including: chicken fat with feathers (FF), molasses (M), glycerol (GL), raw sewage sludge (SS) and digested as an inoculum.The parameters were compared, e.g.changes in concentrations ammonium nitrogen (N-NH4+), alkalinities, chemical oxygen demand (COD) light metal ions.Potential biodegradation pathways for experiments also proposed.The...

The aim of the study was to estimate efficiency copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) phytoextraction by 145 Salix taxa cultivated in an area affected industrial activity. Survivability biomass plants were also analyzed. highest Cu, Pb Zn content shoots 33.38 ± 2.91 (S. purpurea × viminalis 8), 24.64 1.97 fragilis 1) 58.99 4.30 eriocephala 7) mg kg-1 dry weight, respectively. In case unwashed leaves, these metals 135.06 8.14 26), 67.98 5.27 45) 142.56 12.69 alba triandra 2) dw, while washed...

The forest understory is rich in fruit-bearing trees and shrubs. They include both native species invasive alien plant (IAPS). One of the most spreading IAPS black cherry (Prunus serotina E.). Problems with invasiveness P. well known many European countries. However, there are very few studies related to this IAPS. This article aims fill gap research on bioactive compounds fruits thus start a discussion potential use an industrial or semi-industrial scale, which may lead reduction presence...

Due to the threat posed by spread of invasive plant species, there is an urgent need develop effective methods eradicating and managing their biomass. The aim study was examine selected plants in terms use for energy purposes find out whether they can be a raw material production second-generation biofuels. First, chemical compositions were determined. higher heating value (HHV) lower (LHV) also calculated. High values value, ranging from 18.490 MJ∙kg−1 19.900 MJ∙kg−1, indicate possibility...

Lignocellulosic biomass is a natural, renewable and highly versatile resource.In recent years, woody produced in short rotation coppices has become increasingly popular.Hence, this research was undertaken to assess the thermophysical chemical properties of willow, poplar black locust stems relation soil fertilization regime.The experiment set up village Samławki north-eastern Poland (53°59' N, 21°04' E), on considered sub-standard for traditional agricultural production food or fodder...

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect acid and alkaline treatment pine wood on photodegradation.The work presented here deals with changes in colour infrared spectrum caused by UV light.The were monitored a reflectance spectrophotometer.The analysis surfaces carried out measuring CIE L*a*b* parameters.Infrared spectroscopy used study chemical occurring surface samples light.Wood treated buffer characterized higher brightness than acid.The revealed similar resistance...

Abstract Key Message The best yields in the extraction of hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols and total phenolics from black cherry flowers were obtained with 40% ethanol poorest water. A 30% higher content was leaves by using methanol rather than Context Black ( Prunus serotina Erhr.) is widespread Europe. Because it an invasive species, most research has been aimed at trying to find a method remove this shrub forests. incentive for development that we possible folk use flowers. Aims aim work...

The aim of the research is to identify changes which occur in lignin from miscanthus and sorghum, one main biomass components, as a result an anaerobic digestion (AD) process. percentage content structure before after fermentation process were analysed using harvested two growing periods—before vegetation. It was shown that plants at different developmental stages differ content. During plant growth, also changes—the syringyl-to-guaiacyl ratio (S/G) increases, whereas aliphatic aromatic...

Changes in chemical composition and structure of corncob lignocellulosic biomass were investigated relative to pretreatment anaerobic digestion. The involved 1% 3% sodium hydroxide, 7% sulphuric acid, as well medium high temperature extrusion (in 110 °C the range from 140 160 °C). components content was studied using a gravimetric method, whereas relations between carbohydrate lignin participation Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It determined that treatment, both acidic alkaline,...