Active surveillance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection among hospitalized patients in Calcutta, India, was initiated January 1994. The incidence cases V. suddenly increased February 1996 and has remained high since then. One hundred thirty-four strains isolated from 1994 to August were examined for serovar, the presence thermostable direct hemolysin gene (tdh) tdh-related genes (trh1 trh2), production urease, antibiogram. Strains O3:K6 serovar appeared first time 1996. accounted 50 80%...

This study presents results of a surveillance on cholera conducted with hospitalized patients admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Calcutta, India, from January 1993 December 1995. The O139 serogroup Vibrio cholerae dominated in but was replaced by O1 as dominant 1994 and isolation rate V. non-O1 non-O139 did not exceed 4.9% throughout period, while 1995 below 9%. No temporal clustering any observed. With exception 1 strain, none 64 strains belonging hybridized ctx, zot, ace gene...

Introduction: Intraoperative awareness with explicit recall (AWR) occurs when an individual retains memory of intraoperative events after completion anesthesia. It is unpleasant feeling feared by both the patients and anesthetists. Objective: This research aims to compare Bispectral Index (BIS) versus Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) guided anesthesia for assessment intra-operative in undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Methods: a prospective comparison involving 100 divided into...

We report on the development and testing of two monoclonal antibody-based rapid immunodiagnostic test kits, BengalScreen, a coagglutination test, Bengal DFA, direct fluorescent-antibody for detection Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym in clinical environmental specimens. The BengalScreen requires less than 5 min to complete can be used field. being more sensitive only one reagent 20 enumeration V. Bengal. In tests specificity, all 40 strains reacted with both whereas 157 heterologous species...

Summary Sixty-nine strains of Vibrio cholerae 01 isolated at different times were analysed to investigate if there any differences among the before, during and after advent O139 serogroup. Of 69 examined, 68 belonged Ogawa serotype while one Inaba serotype. With exception strain all other V. eltor biotype. A single O1 before emergence serogroup could not be classified as either or classical biotype because it was resistant both specific bacteriophages. Marked variations in susceptibility...

Biochemical and physiological traits of a collection strains Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal isolated from India, Bangladesh, Thailand showed that these formed phenotypically homogeneous group with identical characteristics were essentially similar to those the O1 serogroup. Resistance 150 micrograms vibriostatic agent O/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine) Mukherjee's El Tor phage 5 classical IV nonagglutinability antiserum only discernible differences between serogroups. Extensive...

The formation of a communication between liver abscesses or cysts and intrahepatic bile ducts is an uncommon cause significant leak. Surgical management biliary fistulas associated with high morbidity mortality. We performed prospective study endoscopic this type fistula.We studied 26 patients who had either hepatic that ruptured into the ducts. presence fistula was suspected by jaundice and/or appearance in percutaneous drainage effluent from abscess confirmed retrograde...

SUMMARY The distribution and virulence of Vibrio cholerae serogroups other than O1 O139 in India before, during after the advent serogroup was investigated. A total 68 strains belonging to 31 different ‘O’ were identified study period. With exception O53, there no spatial or temporal clustering any particular non-O1 non-O139 at given place. Two examined produced cholera toxin (CT) which could only be partially absorbed with anti-CT immunoglobulin G. Tissue culture assay revealed that some...

Abstract. Various environmental factors have been implicated in the etiology of myopia. An attempt was made quantitatively to estimate some such factors, as based on presence or absence a family history Age range 10–21 years. The 200 subjects included study were further divided according emmetropia/myopia. studied four subgroups amount near work done per day, head posture and illumination level while doing work, acute fevers, chronic illness, recurrent diarrhea, nutritional status, income...

Vibrio cholerae O139 was recovered from 28 of 79 children with acute watery diarrhoea. Clinically, they presented diarrhoea (100%), vomiting (79%), abdominal cramps (61%), anorexia dehydration and absence fever. Both clinical blood biochemical parameters these cases were similar to the illness caused by new strain in adults. Hypoglycaemia seen 40% those screened.

Group-A Rotavirus are responsible for severe watery diarrhea in young children. Rapid diagnosis of associated can prevent inappropriate administration antibiotics and help preventing the spread multi- drug resistance. antigen is detected by ELISA with one step rapid test showed an incidence 22% using 21.33% respectively. a sensitivity 96.97% specificity 100% comparison to ELISA. The infection was highest age group 6 months 24 (62.77%) male (63.64%). maximum during winter presented triad...

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of mortality in United States, and cardiac arrhythmias are a common hospital admission with significant morbidity. diseases significantly burden healthcare system, high costs associated hospitalization, medication, ongoing management. By finding cost-effective methods to prevent treat cardiovascular diseases, resources can be allocated more efficiently, ultimately improving health outcomes reducing on system. Exercise therapy low-cost intervention...

Background and aims Ankle injuries are one of the most common lower extremity traumas reported, with nearly half needing surgical intervention. For those who undergo treatment, site infection (SSI) is not a rare complication. Cefazolin recommended preoperative chemoprophylaxis for infection. This exploratory study sought to evaluate efficacy cefazolin prophylaxis at time primary open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) ankle fractures compared non-cefazolin respect wound complications....

The COVID-19 epidemic had an enormous effect on the health of millions individuals worldwide and global economy. A shortage doctors, nurses, personal protective equipment, medicines was seen globally. pandemic drew attention to limitations in healthcare sector United States America. massive rise daily number cases, more usage ICU facilities all treatment modalities, increased overtime compensation for staff negatively impacted hospital’s finances. This also affected mental physical workers....

"Bilateral metastatic endophthalmitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa after vaginal delivery." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 36(8), pp. 1016–1017

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of personal computing devices and is gaining importance in school curriculums. Several studies tools have been developed for teaching AI to school-aged children it continues be a growing area research computer science education. However, most these interventions are targeted towards the more privileged therefore cannot directly used with from socio-economically backward families. Children such backgrounds often unable complete even...

Children from low-income communities face additional barriers to science and computing education, including limited computer access, language barriers, a lack of resources for experimentation, often while being out school. Computer-based learning that address these challenges in their design have the potential make STEM education accessible whole new section society. This paper presents gamified object supporting visual programming (VPL) allows users program execute experiments form...

<h3>Background and Aims</h3> Neonatal pneumothorax is a potentially fatal condition if not managed promptly effectively. The little training in chest drain insertion highlighted by doctors regularly. This compounded various factors including decreased incidence of working hours. animal models have been used for such training. We started tested model our unit to improve the skills confidence junior insertion. <h3>Methods</h3> workshop included presentation (theoretical), videos procedure then...