Dominik Stolzenburg
A5063223340- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Cyclone Separators and Fluid Dynamics
- COVID-19 impact on air quality
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Adsorption, diffusion, and thermodynamic properties of materials
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
- Optical Coatings and Gratings
- Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials
- Coagulation and Flocculation Studies
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
University of Helsinki
2020-2025
University of Vienna
2016-2025
TU Wien
2023-2024
Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
2013-2015
Max Planck Society
2015
Atmospheric aerosol formation from biogenic vapors is strongly affected by air pollutants, like NO x , SO 2 and NH 3 .
A list of authors and their affiliations appears at the end paper New-particle formation is a major contributor to urban smog1,2, but how it occurs in cities often puzzling3. If growth rates particles are similar those found cleaner environments (1-10 nanometres per hour), then existing understanding suggests that new should be rapidly scavenged by high concentration pre-existing particles. Here we show, through experiments performed under atmospheric conditions CLOUD chamber CERN, below...
Significance Aerosol particles can form and grow by gas-to-particle conversion eventually act as seeds for cloud droplets, influencing global climate. Volatile organic compounds emitted from plants are oxidized in the atmosphere, resulting products drive particle growth. We measure growth biogenic vapors with a well-controlled laboratory setup over wide range of tropospheric temperatures. While higher temperatures lead to increased reaction rates concentrations highly molecules, lower allow...
Faster than expected Iodine species are one of only a handful atmospheric vapors known to make new aerosol particles, which play central role in controlling the radiative forcing climate. He et al. report experimental evidence from CERN Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets, or CLOUD, chamber demonstrating that iodic acid and iodous rapidly form particles can compete with sulfuric pristine regions. Science , this issue p. 589
Atmospheric gas-to-particle conversion is a crucial or even dominant contributor to haze formation in Chinese megacities terms of aerosol number, surface area and mass. Based on our comprehensive observations Beijing during 15 January 2018-31 March 2019, we are able show that 80-90% the mass (PM2.5) was formed via atmospheric reactions days over 65% number concentration particles resulted from new particle (NPF). Furthermore, faster when subsequent growth newly enhanced. Our findings suggest...
Interest in understanding gas-to-particle phase transformation several disciplines such as atmospheric sciences, material synthesis, and combustion has led to the development of distinct instruments that can measure particle size distributions down sizes large molecules molecular clusters, at which initial formation growth takes place. These instruments, include condensation counter battery, a variety electrical mobility spectrometers magnifier, have been usually characterized laboratory...
To better understand the role of aromatic hydrocarbons in new-particle formation, we measured particle-phase abundance and volatility oxidation products following reaction with OH radicals. For this used thermal desorption an iodide-adduct Time-of-Flight Chemical-Ionization Mass Spectrometer equipped a Filter Inlet for Gases AEROsols (FIGAERO-ToF-CIMS). The measurements confirm that toluene naphthalene can contribute to initial growth newly formed particles. Toluene-derived (C7) have similar...
Abstract. Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) contribute substantially to the formation and growth of atmospheric aerosol particles, which affect air quality, human health Earth's climate. HOMs are formed by rapid, gas-phase autoxidation volatile compounds (VOCs) such as α-pinene, most abundant monoterpene in atmosphere. Due their abundance low volatility, can play an important role new-particle (NPF) early aerosols, even without any further assistance other low-volatility sulfuric...
NO x is important for particle growth as it can participate in HOM formation and alter the volatility distribution.
Abstract. In the present-day atmosphere, sulfuric acid is most important vapour for aerosol particle formation and initial growth. However, growth rates of nanoparticles (<10 nm) from remain poorly measured. Therefore, effect stabilizing bases, contribution ions impact attractive forces on molecular collisions are under debate. Here, we present precise rate measurements uncharged particles 1.8 to 10 nm, performed atmospheric conditions in CERN (European Organization Nuclear Research)...
Abstract. Nucleation of atmospheric vapours produces more than half global cloud condensation nuclei and so has an important influence on climate. Recent studies show that monoterpene (C10H16) oxidation yields highly oxygenated products can nucleate with or without sulfuric acid. Monoterpenes are emitted mainly by trees, frequently together isoprene (C5H8), which the highest emission all organic vapours. Previous have shown suppresses new-particle formation from monoterpenes, but cause this...
Abstract. Sulfuric acid has been shown to be a key driver for new particle formation and subsequent growth in various environments, mainly due its low volatility. However, direct measurements of gas-phase sulfuric are oftentimes not available, the current proxies cannot predict, example, nighttime concentrations or result significant discrepancies with measured values. Here, we define sources sinks different environments derive physical proxy utilized locations during periods when it is...
We use a real-time temperature-programmed desorption chemical-ionization mass spectrometer (FIGAERO–CIMS) to measure particle-phase composition and volatility of nucleated particles, studying pure α-pinene oxidation over wide temperature range (−50 °C +25 °C) in the CLOUD chamber at CERN. Highly oxygenated organic molecules are much more abundant particles formed higher temperatures, shifting compounds toward O/C lower intrinsic (300 K) volatility. find that biogenic nucleation growth...
Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) is a significant source of atmospheric particles, affecting climate and air quality. Understanding the mechanisms involved in urban aerosols important to develop effective mitigation strategies. However, NPF rates reported polluted boundary layer span more than 4 orders magnitude, reasons behind this variability are subject intense scientific debate. Multiple vapours have been postulated participate NPF, including sulfuric acid, ammonia, amines...
We investigated the contribution of atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) and subsequent growth newly formed particles, characterized by high concentrations fine particulate matter (PM2.5). In addition to having adverse effects on visibility human health, these haze particles may act as cloud condensation nuclei, potentially large influences clouds precipitation. Using observations performed in 2019 Beijing, a polluted megacity China, we showed that variability rates (GR) originating from...
Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) has been observed to take place in practice all around the world. In continental locations, typically about 10–40% of days are so-called NPF event characterized by a clear and growth that continue for several hours, occurring mostly during daytime. The other either non-event days, or which it is difficult decide whether had occurred not. Using measurement data from locations (Hyytiälä, Järvselja, near-city background city center Budapest), we were...
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) influences climate via cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) formation resulting from its oxidation products (mainly methanesulfonic acid, MSA, and sulfuric H2SO4). Despite their importance, accurate prediction of MSA H2SO4 DMS remains challenging. With comprehensive experiments carried out in the Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets (CLOUD) chamber at CERN, we show that decreasing temperature +25 to −10 °C enhances gas-phase production by an order magnitude OH-initiated...
Biogenic vapors form new particles in the atmosphere, affecting global climate. The contributions of monoterpenes and isoprene to particle formation (NPF) have been extensively studied. However, sesquiterpenes received little attention despite a potentially important role due their high molecular weight. Via chamber experiments performed under atmospheric conditions, we report biogenic NPF resulting from oxidation pure mixtures β-caryophyllene, α-pinene, isoprene, which produces oxygenated...
The main nucleating vapor in the atmosphere is thought to be sulfuric acid (H2SO4), stabilized by ammonia (NH3). However, marine and polar regions, NH3 generally low, H2SO4 frequently found together with iodine oxoacids [HIOx, i.e., iodic (HIO3) iodous (HIO2)]. In experiments performed CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber, we investigated interplay of HIOx during atmospheric particle nucleation. We that greatly enhances H2SO4(-NH3) nucleation through two different...
Abstract. Measurements of aerosol dynamics in the sub-10 nm size range are crucially important for quantifying impact new particle formation onto global budget cloud condensation nuclei. Here we present development and characterization a differential mobility analyzer train (DMA-train), operating six DMAs parallel high-time-resolution particle-size-distribution measurements below 10 nm. The operated at different but fixed voltages hence sizes, together with state-of-the-art counters (CPCs)....
Abstract. It was recently shown by the CERN CLOUD experiment that biogenic highly oxygenated molecules (HOMs) form particles under atmospheric conditions in absence of sulfuric acid, where ions enhance nucleation rate 1–2 orders magnitude. The HOMs were produced from ozonolysis α-pinene at 5 ∘C. Here we extend this study to compare molecular composition positive and negative HOM clusters measured with pressure interface time-of-flight mass spectrometers (APi-TOFs), three different...
Abstract. The formation of secondary particles in the atmosphere accounts for more than half global cloud condensation nuclei. Experiments at CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber have underlined importance ions new particle formation, but quantifying their effect remains challenging. By using a novel instrument setup consisting two nanoparticle counters, one them equipped with an ion filter, we were able to further investigate ion-related mechanisms formation. In autumn...
Abstract Iodine is a reactive trace element in atmospheric chemistry that destroys ozone and nucleates particles. emissions have tripled since 1950 are projected to keep increasing with rising O 3 surface concentrations. Although iodic acid (HIO ) widespread forms particles more efficiently than sulfuric acid, its gas-phase formation mechanism remains unresolved. Here, CLOUD simulation chamber experiments generate iodine radicals at atmospherically relevant rates, we show iodooxy hypoiodite,...
Atmospheric nanoparticles can serve as nuclei for cloud droplets, thereby inducing significant but uncertain effects on the radiative forcing of climate system. This article focuses physicochemical processes that govern growth these particles from formation molecular clusters until reach sizes where they act condensation nuclei. The review describes latest developments in measurement and modeling connects domains to large-scale simulations such Earth system models. authors recommend closer...
The interaction between nitrogen monoxide (NO) and organic peroxy radicals (RO2) greatly impacts the formation of highly oxygenated molecules (HOM), key precursors secondary aerosols. It has been thought that HOM production can be significantly suppressed by NO even at low concentrations. Here, we perform dedicated experiments focusing on from monoterpenes concentrations (0 - 82 pptv). We demonstrate such enhance modulating RO2 loss favoring alkoxy continue to autoxidize through...