A5053786717- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
- Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Anorectal Disease Treatments and Outcomes
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments
- Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Forecasting Techniques and Applications
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Transportation Safety and Impact Analysis
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Microscopic Colitis
- Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications
- Cognitive Functions and Memory
Imperial College London
2016-2025
UK Dementia Research Institute
2020-2025
Hammersmith Hospital
2021-2025
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging
2020-2022
Center for Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences
2022
Dyson (United Kingdom)
2021-2022
Brain (Germany)
2022
Allegheny General Hospital
1981-1982
Axonal injury after TBI can be reliably quantified using plasma NfL, which predicts long-term functional outcomes and progressive neurodegeneration.
Traumatic brain injury is associated with elevated rates of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. In experimental models, diffuse axonal triggers post-traumatic neurodegeneration, damage leading to Wallerian degeneration toxic proteinopathies amyloid hyperphosphorylated tau. However, in humans the link between subsequent neurodegeneration has yet be established. Here we test hypothesis that severity location predicts degree progressive...
Abstract Poor outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are common yet remain difficult to predict. Diffuse axonal is important for outcomes, but its assessment remains limited in the clinical setting. Currently, diagnosed based on presentation, visible damage white matter or via surrogate markers of such as microbleeds. These do not accurately quantify leading misdiagnosis a proportion patients. Diffusion tensor imaging provides quantitative measure vivo, with fractional anisotropy often...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can trigger progressive neurodegeneration, with tau pathology seen years after a single moderate-severe TBI. Identifying this type of posttraumatic in vivo might help to understand the role TBI pathophysiology. We used flortaucipir positron emission tomography (PET) investigate whether is present many humans. examined PET data relation markers neurodegeneration cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), structural magnetic resonance imaging measures, and cognitive performance....
Abstract New helmet technologies have been developed to improve the mitigation of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in bicycle accidents. However, their effectiveness under oblique impacts, which produce more strains comparison with vertical impacts adopted by standards, is still unclear. Here we used a new method assess prevention effects 27 helmets including fitted friction-reducing layer (MIPS), shearing pad (SPIN), wavy cellular liner (WaveCel), an airbag (Hövding) and number conventional...
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a discriminative blood biomarker for many neurological diseases, such as traumatic brain injury. Detection of GFAP in buffer solutions using biosensors has been demonstrated, but accurate quantification patient samples not reported, yet urgent need. Herein, we demonstrate robust on-chip graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensing method sensitive and ultrafast detection plasma. Patients with moderate-severe injuries, defined by the Mayo...
ABSTRACT Background and Objectives Moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury patients commonly manifest vestibular dysfunction with imbalance dizziness. Importantly, falls in these are linked to long-term unemployment increased mortality. There however no objective acute-prospective longitudinal data of outcomes nor the mechanisms predicting recovery. We previously showed that acute injury, was impaired perception self-motion (i.e. agnosia) via right inferior fasciculus disruption. This...
Abstract Background Vestibular dysfunction causing imbalance affects c. 80% of acute hospitalized traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases. Poor balance recovery is linked to worse return-to-work rates and reduced longevity. We previously showed that white matter network disruption, particularly right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, mediates the overlap between impaired vestibular perception self-motion (i.e., agnosia) in TBI. However, there are no prior reports tracking acute-longitudinal...
Background and Objectives Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is associated with secondary injury poor outcomes, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Vascular may be important. We aimed to characterise how blood vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) levels affected by TBI, its associations functional outcome. Methods retrospectively analysed data from two multi-centre, international, prospective observational studies (CREACTIVE BIO-AX-TBI) follow-up of up 1 year....
Abstract Mild traumatic brain injury is a relatively common event in contact sports and there increasing interest the long-term neurocognitive effects. The diagnosis largely relies on symptom reporting need for objective tools to aid prognosis. There are recent reports that blood biomarkers could potentially help triage patients with suspected normal CT findings. We have measured plasma concentrations of glial neuronal proteins explored their potential assessment mild sport. recruited...
The recognition, diagnosis and management of mild traumatic brain injuries are difficult confusing. It is unclear how the severity number sustained relate to injuries, such as diffuse axonal injury, vascular injury progressive neurodegeneration. Advances in neuroimaging techniques enable investigation neuropathologies associated with acute long-term effects injury. Head most commonly reported seen during professional rugby. There increased vigilance for immediate these matches, but there has...
American football players are frequently exposed to head impacts, which can cause concussions and may lead neurodegenerative diseases such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Player position appears influence the risk of concussion but there is limited work on its effect CTE. Computational modelling has shown that large brain deformations during impacts co-localise with CTE pathology in sulci. Here we test whether player an deformation within sulci, a possible biomechanical trigger...
Motor-training software on tablets or smartphones (Apps) offer a low-cost, widely-available solution to supplement arm physiotherapy after stroke. We assessed the proportions of hemiplegic stroke patients who, with their plegic hand, could meaningfully engage mobile-gaming devices using range standard control-methods, as well by novel wireless grip-controller, adapted for neurodisability. screened all newly-diagnosed presenting centre over 6 months. Subjects were compared ability control...
Introduction Although limited, recent research suggests that contact sport participation might have an adverse long-term effect on brain health. Further work is required to determine whether this includes increased risk of neurodegenerative disease and/or subsequent changes in cognition and behaviour. The Advanced BiomaRker, Imaging Neurocognitive Health Study will prospectively examine the neurological, psychiatric, psychological general health retired elite-level rugby union association...
Preoperative levels of perchloric acid extractable plasma CEA were measured in 911 patients with complaints the digestive system. A final diagnosis benign disease was made for 579 patients; 332 found to have cancer. Data preoperative values examined clinical significance as an aide diagnosis, staging, and prognosis. The results our analysis support conclusions many investigators that assay is not a clinically useful diagnostic test, but it shows limited value staging somewhat stronger correlation
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterised by a diffuse inflammatory response mediated microglia and astrocytes. Brain translocator protein (TSPO) positron-emission tomography (PET) [myo-inositol] magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) were used together to assess this. Objective: To explore the in vivo relationships between MRS PET [ 11 C]PBR28 MS over range of brain burden. Methods: A total 23 patients studied. TSPO imaging with C]PBR28, single voxel conventional (MRI) sequences...
Non-invasive brain stimulation has been widely investigated as a potential treatment for range of neurological and psychiatric conditions, including injury. However, the behavioural effects are variable, reasons that poorly understood. This is particular challenge traumatic injury, where patterns damage their clinical heterogeneous. Here we test hypothesis response to transcranial direct current following injury dependent on white matter within stimulated network. We used novel simultaneous...
Finite Element (FE) models of brain mechanics have improved our understanding the response to rapid mechanical loads that produce traumatic injuries. However, these rarely incorporated vasculature, which limits their ability predict vessels head impacts. To address this shortcoming, here we used high-resolution MRI scans map venous system anatomy at a submillimetre resolution. We then develop an FE model veins and it in anatomically detailed brain. The prediction displacement different...
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common in military campaigns and a risk factor for dementia. A rme D Ser V ices Tr uma Rehabilitatio N Out C om E -TBI (ADVANCE-TBI) aims to ascertain neurological outcomes UK personnel with major battlefield trauma, leveraging advances quantification of axonal breakdown markers like neurofilament light (NfL), astroglial marker glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) blood. We aimed describe the causes, prevalence consequences TBI, its fluid biomarker...
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Introduction and aims Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in persistent disability, due particularly to cognitive impairments. Outcomes remain difficult predict but appear relate axonal injury. Several new approaches involving fluid neuroimaging biomarkers show promise sensitively quantify By assessing these longitudinally a large cohort, we aim both improve our understanding of the pathophysiology TBI, provide better tools clinical outcome. Methods analysis BIOmarkers AXonal after...
To further fulfil their missions of promoting teaching, education and research in neurology related clinical-academic disciplines, the Guarantors Brain journal family invited delegates to first Conference Spring this year. This event aimed deliver excellent teaching scientific presentations across a broad spectrum neuroscience fields, with key aim making content as accessible possible. We hoped capitalize on benefits an online format, whilst trying capture little joy in-person meeting....
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of noninvasive brain whose potential as cognitive therapy hindered by our limited understanding how participant and experimental factors influence its effects. Using functional MRI to study networks, we have previously shown in healthy controls that the physiological effects tDCS are strongly influenced state. We additionally shown, both traumatic injury (TBI) populations, behavioral positively correlated with white matter (WM)...
Brief descriptions are provided of a new cost-effectiveness analysis program, known as the Roadside Safety Analysis Program (RSAP), which was developed under NCHRP Project 22-9. RSAP is an improvement over existing procedures for evaluation roadside safety improvements, such in 1977 AASHTO barrier guide and ROADSIDE program. improves on many algorithms provides user-friendly interface to facilitate use. The program has undergone extensive testing validation, including by independent...