A5038917247- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Reinforcement Learning in Robotics
- Language and cultural evolution
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Social and Educational Sciences
- Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications
- Optimization and Search Problems
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Immune cells in cancer
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Capital Investment and Risk Analysis
- Life Cycle Costing Analysis
University of Liverpool
2019-2023
Chalmers University of Technology
2020-2023
Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
2020-2022
National University of Singapore
2015-2016
Imperial College London
2012-2016
The development of a new class surfactants for membrane protein manipulation, "GNG amphiphiles", is reported. These amphiphiles display promising behavior proteins, as demonstrated recently by the high resolution structure sodium-pumping pyrophosphatase reported Kellosalo et al. (Science, 2012, 337, 473).
Abstract Objectives ∼30% of patients with SLE develop LN. Presence and/or severity LN are currently assessed by renal biopsy, but biomarkers in serum or urine samples may provide an avenue for non-invasive routine testing. We aimed to validate a urinary protein panel its ability predict active involvement SLE. Methods A total 197 and 48 healthy controls were recruited, collected. Seventy-five the had 104 no inactive disease. Concentrations lipocalin-like prostaglandin D synthase (LPGDS),...
Methotrexate (MTX) is the gold-standard first-line disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), despite only being either effective or tolerated in half of children and young people (CYP). To facilitate stratified treatment early JIA, novel methods machine learning were used to i) identify clusters with distinct disease patterns following MTX initiation; ii) predict cluster membership; iii) compare existing response measures.
We introduce a novel approach to variational Quantum algorithms (VQA) via continuous bandits. VQA are class of hybrid Quantum-classical where the parameters circuits optimized by classical algorithms. Previous work has used zero and first order gradient based methods, however such suffer from barren plateau (BP) problem gradients loss differences exponentially small. an using bandits methods which combine global exploration with local exploitation. show how can be formulated as best arm...
Abstract CRISPR/Cas9 causes double-stranded DNA breaks that can undergo repair either via non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or, in the presence of a template, homology-directed (HDR). HDR is typically used to insert specific genetic modification into genome but has low efficiency compared NHEJ, which lowered even further when trying create homozygous change. In this study we devised novel approach for single base editing based on utilising simultaneously two donor templates cloned plasmids...
Background Approximately 30% of patients with the systemic autoimmune/inflammatory disorder lupus erythematosus (SLE) develop nephritis (LN) that affects treatment and prognosis. Easily accessible biomarkers do not exist to reliably predict renal disease. The Maximizing SLE Therapeutic Potential by Application Novel Systemic Approaches Engineering Consortium aims identify indicators responses in SLE. This study tested applicability calcium-binding S100 proteins serum urine as for disease...
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous disease, the signs and symptoms of which can be summarised with use composite disease activity measures, including clinical Arthritis Disease Activity Score (cJADAS). However, clusters children young people might experience different global patterns in their run parallel or diverge over time. We aimed to identify such 3 years after diagnosis JIA. The identification these would allow for greater understanding progression JIA, how...
Background: Psoriasis is a T cell-mediated chronic autoimmune/inflammatory disease. While some patients experience disease limited to the skin (skin psoriasis), others develop joint involvement (psoriatic arthritis; PsA). In absence of disease- and/or outcome-specific biomarkers, and as arthritis can precede manifestations, diagnostic therapeutic delays are common contribute burden damage accrual. Objective: Altered epigenetic marks, including DNA methylation, effector cell phenotypes...
Purpose: Variant B precursor cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin C, a known recessive risk factor for developing exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), presents altered intracellular trafficking and reduced secretion from retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Because C inhibits multiple extracellular matrix (ECM)–degrading cathepsins, this study evaluated the role of mutation in inducing ECM-related functional changes RPE cellular behavior. Methods: Induced pluripotent stem...
We present a multi-agent computational approach to partitioning semantic spaces using reinforcement-learning (RL). Two agents communicate finite linguistic vocabulary in order convey concept. This is tested the color domain, and natural reinforcement learning mechanism shown converge scheme that achieves near-optimal trade-off of simplicity versus communication efficiency. Results are presented both on efficiency as well analyses resulting partitions space. The effect varying environmental...
Abstract Effector CD4+ T lymphocytes contribute to inflammation and tissue damage in psoriasis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The transcription factor CREMα controls effector cell function people with systemic autoimmune diseases. inhibitory surface coreceptor PD-1 plays a key role control of its therapeutic inhibition patients cancer can cause psoriasis. In this study, we show that cells from psoriasis psoriatic arthritis exhibit increased production...
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognise invading pathogens and mediate downstream immune signalling via Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domains. TIR domain proteins (Tdps) have been identified in multiple pathogenic bacteria recently implicated as negative regulators of host innate activation. A Tdp has Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent anthrax. Here we present first study this protein, designated BaTdp. Recombinantly expressed purified BaTdp interacted with several human domains, including that...
We propose algorithms based on a multi-level Thompson sampling scheme, for the stochastic multi-armed bandit and its contextual variant with linear expected rewards, in setting where arms are clustered. show, both theoretically empirically, how exploiting given cluster structure can significantly improve regret computational cost compared to using standard sampling. In case of we give upper bounds cumulative showing it depends quality clustering. Finally, perform an empirical evaluation that...
Learning an ordering of items based on noisy pairwise comparisons is useful when item-specific labels are difficult to assign, for example, annotators have make subjective assessments. Algorithms been proposed actively sampling minimize the number annotations necessary learning accurate ordering. However, many ignore shared structure between items, treating them as unrelated, limiting sample efficiency and precluding generalization new items. In this work, we study active with preference...
The emergence of mathematical concepts, such as number systems, is an understudied area in AI for mathematics and reasoning. It has previously been shown Carlsson et al. (2021) that by using reinforcement learning (RL), agents can derive simple approximate exact-restricted numeral systems. However, it a major challenge to show how more complex recursive similar the one utilised English, could arise via mechanism RL. Here, we introduce approach towards deriving mechanistic explanation systems...
Recent work (Xu et al., 2020) has suggested that numeral systems in different languages are shaped by a functional need for efficient communication an information-theoretic sense. Here we take learning-theoretic approach and show how emerges via reinforcement learning. In our framework, two artificial agents play Lewis signaling game where the goal is to convey concept. The gradually learn communicate using learning resulting shown be framework of Regier al. (2015); Gibson (2017). They also...