A5060555457- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Historical and Archaeological Studies
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Digestive system and related health
- Eurasian Exchange Networks
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
- Linguistics and language evolution
- Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Race, Genetics, and Society
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Soviet and Russian History
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Library Science and Information Systems
- Education, Psychology, and Social Research
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Culinary Culture and Tourism
- Ancient Near East History
Masaryk University
2021-2025
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
2021-2025
University of Fribourg
2018-2022
SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
2018-2022
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
2015-2022
University of Applied Sciences Mainz
2022
Leipzig University
2022
BioSense Institute
2021
University of Belgrade
2021
University of Novi Sad
2021
Farming and sedentism first appeared in southwestern Asia during the early Holocene later spread to neighboring regions, including Europe, along multiple dispersal routes. Conspicuous uncertainties remain about relative roles of migration, cultural diffusion, admixture with local foragers Neolithization Europe. Here we present paleogenomic data for five Neolithic individuals from northern Greece northwestern Turkey spanning time region earliest farming into We use a novel approach...
Near Eastern genomes from Iran The genetic composition of populations in Europe changed during the Neolithic transition hunting and gathering to farming. To better understand origin modern populations, Broushaki et al. sequenced ancient DNA four individuals Zagros region present-day Iran, representing early Fertile Crescent. These unexpectedly were not ancestral European farmers, their structures did contribute significantly those Europeans. data indicate that a parallel probably resulted...
The precise genetic origins of the first Neolithic farming populations in Europe and Southwest Asia, as well processes timing their differentiation, remain largely unknown. Demogenomic modeling high-quality ancient genomes reveals that early farmers Anatolia emerged from a multiphase mixing Asian population with strongly bottlenecked western hunter-gatherer after last glacial maximum. Moreover, ancestors went through period extreme drift during westward range expansion, contributing highly...
Abstract From ad 567–568, at the onset of Avar period, populations from Eurasian Steppe settled in Carpathian Basin for approximately 250 years 1 . Extensive sampling archaeogenomics (424 individuals) and isotopes, combined with archaeological, anthropological historical contextualization four Avar-period cemeteries, allowed a detailed description genomic structure these communities their kinship social practices. We present set large pedigrees, reconstructed using ancient DNA, spanning nine...
Abstract During the 1 st millennium before Common Era (BCE), nomadic tribes associated with Iron Age Scythian culture spread over Eurasian Steppe, covering a territory of more than 3,500 km in breadth. To understand demographic processes behind culture, we analysed genomic data from eight individuals and mitochondrial dataset 96 originating eastern western parts Steppe. Genomic inference reveals that Scythians east west steppe zone can best be described as mixture Yamnaya-related ancestry an...
Modern European genetic structure demonstrates strong correlations with geography, while analysis of prehistoric humans has indicated at least two major waves immigration from outside the continent during periods cultural change. However, population-level genome data that could shed light on demographic processes occurring intervening have been absent. Therefore, we generated genomic 41 individuals dating mostly to late 5th/early 6th century AD present-day Bavaria in southern Germany,...
The Avars settled the Carpathian Basin in 567/68 CE, establishing an empire lasting over 200 years. Who they were and where came from is highly debated. Contemporaries have disagreed about whether were, as claimed, direct successors of Mongolian Steppe Rouran that was destroyed by Turks ∼550 CE. Here, we analyze new genome-wide data 66 pre-Avar Avar-period individuals, including 8 richest burials further elite sites Avar's core region. Our results provide support for a rapid long-distance...
As the collapse of Western Roman Empire accelerated during 4th and 5th centuries, arriving "barbarian" groups began to establish new communities in border provinces declining (and eventually former) empire. This was a time significant cultural political change throughout not only these regions but Europe as whole.1,2 To better understand post-Roman community formation one key frontier zones after Hunnic movement, we generated paleogenomic data for set 38 burials from series three century...
Abstract After a long-distance migration, Avars with Eastern Asian ancestry arrived in Central Europe 567 to 568 ce and encountered groups very different European 1,2 . We used ancient genome-wide data of 722 individuals fine-grained interdisciplinary analysis large seventh- eighth-century neighbouring cemeteries south Vienna (Austria) address the centuries-long impact this encounter found that even 200 years after immigration, at one site (Leobersdorf) remained dominantly East Asian-like,...
The Huns appeared in Europe the 370s, establishing an Empire that reshaped West Eurasian history. Yet until today their origins remain a matter of extensive debate. Traditional theories link them to Xiongnu, founders first nomadic empire Mongolian steppe. Xiongnu dissolved, however, ~300 y before Europe, and there is little archaeological historical evidence steppe during this time gap. Furthermore, despite rich 5th 6th centuries current era (CE) record Carpathian Basin, cultural elements...
Abstract Farming and sedentism first appear in southwest Asia during the early Holocene later spread to neighboring regions, including Europe, along multiple dispersal routes. Conspicuous uncertainties remain about relative roles of migration, cultural diffusion admixture with local foragers Neolithisation Europe. Here we present paleogenomic data for five Neolithic individuals from northwestern Turkey northern Greece – spanning time region earliest farming into We observe striking genetic...
Abstract Objectives Archeological evidence shows that first nomadic pastoralists came to the African Sahel from northeastern Sahara, where milking is reported by ~7.5 ka. A second wave of arrived with expansion Arabic tribes in 7th–14th century CE. All Sahelian depend on milk production but genetic diversity underlying their lactase persistence (LP) poorly understood. Materials and methods We investigated SNP variants associated LP 1,241 individuals 29 mostly pastoralist populations Sahel....
When Roman administration and legions gradually withdrew from the outer provinces after fall of Western Empire, they created a power void filled by various groups. The dynamic Migration Period that followed is usually considered to have ended when Germanic Lombards allegedly left Central Europe were replaced Slavs. Whether or how Slavic tribes interacted, however, currently disputed. Here we report first direct archaeological find in support contact: bone fragment dated ~600 AD incised with...
Abstract Objectives The Sahel belt is occupied by populations who use two types of subsistence strategy, nomadic pastoralism and sedentary farming, belong to three linguistic families, Niger‐Congo, Nilo‐Saharan, Afro‐Asiatic. Little known, however, about the origins these their mutual genetic relationships. Materials Methods We have built a large dataset mitochondrial DNA sequences Y chromosomal STR haplotypes pastoralists farmers belonging all phyla in western, central, eastern parts Sahel....
The origin of Western African pastoralism, represented today by the Fulani nomads, has been a highly debated issue for past decades, and not yet conclusively resolved.This study focused on Alu polymorphisms in sedentary nomadic populations across Sahel to investigate patterns diversity that can complement existing results contribute resolving issues concerning West pastoralism.A new dataset 21 biallelic markers covering substantial part analysed jointly with several published North...
Summary While early Neolithic populations in Europe were largely descended from Aegean farmers, there is also evidence of episodic gene flow local Mesolithic hunter-gatherers into communities. Exactly how and where this occurred still unknown. Here we report direct for admixture between the two groups at Danube Gorges Serbia. Analysis palaeogenomes recovered skeletons revealed that second-generation mixed individuals buried amidst whose ancestry was either exclusively or Mesolithic. The...
Abstract In the ninth century AD, Moravia (now in Czechia) was heartland of first Slavic state-like formation Central Europe. Traditionally, archaeology region has been interpreted via historical records only; FORMOR project aims to broaden this view by using archaeometry, archaeogenetics, bioarchaeology and introducing new theoretical approaches.
Abstract The precise genetic origins of the first Neolithic farming populations, as well processes and timing their differentiation, remain largely unknown. Based on demogenomic modeling high-quality ancient genomes, we show that early farmers Anatolia Europe emerged from a multiphase mixing Near Eastern population with strongly bottlenecked Western hunter-gatherer after Last Glacial Maximum. Moreover, branch leading to is characterized by 2,500-year period extreme drift during its westward...
Mode of subsistence is an important factor influencing dietary habits and the genetic structure various populations through differential intensity gene flow selection pressures. Previous studies suggest that in Africa Taste 2 Receptor Member 16 (TAS2R16), which encodes 7-transmembrane receptor protein for bitterness, might also be under positive pressure.However, since sampling coverage was limited, we created a new TAS2R16 population dataset from across African Sahel/Savannah belt...
Lactase persistence (LP), the continued expression of lactase into adulthood, is most strongly selected single gene trait over last 10,000 years in multiple human populations. It has been posited that primary allele causing LP among Eurasians, rs4988235*T (Enattah et al. 2008), only rose to appreciable frequencies during Bronze and Iron Ages (Mathieson al 2015; Olalde 2018), long after humans started consuming milk from domesticated animals. This rapid rise attributed an influx peoples...