Drought is a primary abiotic stress affecting crops, leading to plant stomatal closure, reduced photosynthetic capacity, and yields or even harvest failure. Severe drought can adversely impact agricultural production, ecosystems, socio-economic capacities. Recently, researchers have studied the regulatory mechanisms of crop resistance cloned hundreds genes via genetic molecular approaches. However, limited number been successfully employed in breeding, suggesting that regulation too complex....

Abstract Increasing grain yield of maize ( Zea mays L.) is required to meet the rapidly expanding demands for maize-derived food, feed, and fuel. Breeders have enhanced productivity hybrids by pyramiding desirable characteristics larger ears. However, loci selected improving remain largely unclear. Here, we show that a serine/threonine protein kinase encoding gene KERNEL NUMBER PER ROW6 (KNR6) determines pistillate floret number ear length. Overexpression KNR6 or introgression alleles...

Abstract Maize ear size and kernel number differ among lines, however, little is known about the molecular basis of length its impact on number. Here, we characterize a quantitative trait locus, qEL7 , to identify maize gene controlling length, flower fertility. encodes 1-aminocyclopropane-1- carboxylate oxidase2 (ACO2), that functions in final step ethylene biosynthesis expressed specific domains developing inflorescences. Confirmation by editing ZmACO2 leads reduction production ears,...

Abstract Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder of phenylalanine metabolism, mainly caused by a deficiency hydroxylase ( PAH ). The incidence various mutations differs among race and ethnicity. Here we report spectrum complied from 796 PKU patients mainland China. all 13 exons adjacent intronic regions the gene were determined next-generation sequencing. We identified 194 different mutations, which 41 are not reported before. Several reoccurred with high frequency...

High temperature at anthesis is one of the most serious stress factors for rice (Oryza sativa L.) production, causing irreversible yield losses and reduces grain quality. Illustration thermotolerance mechanism great importance to accelerate breeding aimed improvement. Here, we identified a new thermotolerant germplasm, SDWG005. Microscopical analysis found that stable anther structure SDWG005 under may contribute its thermotolerance. Dynamic transcriptomic totally 3559 differentially...

Argonaute (AGO) proteins play a key role in regulation of gene expression through small RNA-directed RNA cleavage and translational repression, are essential for multiple developmental processes. In the present study, 17 AGO genes maize (Zea mays L., ZmAGOs) were identified using Hidden Markov Model validated by rapid amplification cDNA ends assay. Subsequently, quantitative PCR revealed that expressions these higher reproductive than vegetative tissues. AGOs presented five temporal spatial...

The yield of maize grain is a highly complex quantitative trait that controlled by multiple loci (QTLs) with small effects, and frequently influenced genetic environmental factors. Thus, it challenging to clone QTL for in the genome. Previously, we identified major QTL, qKNPR6, kernel number per row (KNPR) across environments, developed two nearly isogenic lines, SL57-6 Ye478, which differ only allelic constitution at short segment harboring QTL. Recently, qKNPR6 was re-evaluated segregating...

Alternative splicing (AS) is an important regulatory mechanism that greatly contributes to eukaryotic transcriptome diversity. A substantial amount of evidence has demonstrated AS complexity relevant evolution, development, adaptation, and complexity. In this study, six teosinte ten maize transcriptomes were sequenced analyze changes signatures selection in domestication improvement.In teosinte, 13,593 highly conserved genes, including 12,030 multiexonic detected. By identifying isoforms...

Salt stress hinders plant growth and disrupts many physio-biochemical molecular processes. The present study evaluated the potential role of foliar applied 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) for mitigating adverse effects salinity in rice plants. Our findings showed that salt reduced several physiological parameters, substantially increased oxidative seedlings. application EBR replenished negative by improving attributes Moreover, injuries enhancing antioxidant enzymes phenolic compounds plants during...

Unveiling the genetic architecture of grain yield and yieldrelated traits is useful for guiding improvement crop plants.Kernel row number (KRN) per ear an important component, which directly affects maize.In this study, we constructed a set 130 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs), using Nongxi531 as donor parent H21 recipient parent, by continuous backcrossing selfing.In total, 11 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected KRN stepwise regression under 3 environmental settings,...

A growing body of research has suggested that tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) responsive phenotype can be predicted by the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) genotype in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU), but data concerning association between and BH4 responsiveness are scarce China. total 165 PKU from China who had undergone a 24-h loading test administration were recruited. Genotyping was performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique. Using residual PAH activity, we analyzed...

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to investigate genetic variations and the relationships between these clinicopathological features high-recurrence risk papillary thyroid carcinoma in a southern Chinese population. Methods One hundred sixty-eight patients were recruited for from 2017 2018. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue data characteristics all collected analyzed patients. We used next-generation sequencing technology targeted gene mutations fusions pathology...

Apyrase is a class of enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis nucleoside triphosphates/diphosphates (NTP/NDP), which widely involved in regulation plant growth and stress responses. However, apyrase family genes maize have not been identified, their characteristics functions are largely unknown. In this study, we identified 16 apyrases (named as ZmAPY1-ZmAPY16) genome, analyzed phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, chromosomal distribution, upstream regulatory transcription factors...

The differentiation and subsequent development of plant tissues or organs are tightly regulated at multiple levels, including the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational, posttranslational levels. Transcriptomes define many tissue-specific gene expression patterns in maize, some key genes their regulatory networks have been established transcriptional level. In this study, sequential window acquisition all theoretical spectra-mass spectrometry technique was employed as a...

Annual teosinte, the ancestor of cultivated maize (Zea mays ssp. mays), is a valuable germplasm for enhancing genetic diversity and adaptability to various environment stimuli. However, comprehensive transcriptomic genomic resources are unavailable in public databases, which significantly impede identification utilization favourable genes or alleles teosinte. In this study, we globally sequenced transcriptomes six teosinte accessions by Illumina paired-end sequencing. A high-quality...

Domestication and improvement have led to dramatic changes in the plant architecture inflorescence maize. These transformations were achieved by selecting desirable alleles for target traits meet human needs local environment adaptation, such as grain yield flowering time (Doebley et al., 2006). Indeed, selection of KRN2 KRN4 genes contributed enlargement ear size ZCN8, ZmCCT9 ZmCCT10 promoted expansion maize from tropical temperate regions accelerating (Chen 2022; Guo 2018; Liu 2015). Our...

Abstract Submergence is a major constraint on rice production in South and Southeast Asia. In this study, we determined that gene of the Sub1A-binding protein family, SAB23, encodes plant homeodomain (PHD)-type transcription factor has novel function negatively regulating submergence tolerance rice. The T-DNA insertion mutant sab23 displayed reduced height, delayed seed maturation, lower percentage set. Importantly, also exhibited enhanced tolerance. addition, CRISPR/Cas9 knock out SAB23...

Abstract Proper pericarp thickness protects the maize kernel against pests and diseases, moreover, thinner improves eating quality in fresh corn. In this study, we aimed to investigate dynamic changes during development identified major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for thickness. It was observed that first increased then decreased. During growth formation stages, gradually reached maximum, after which it decreased minimum maturity. To identify QTLs thickness, a BC 4 F population...

<title>Abstract</title> Proper pericarp thickness protects the maize kernel against pests and diseases, moreover, thinner improves eating quality in fresh corn. In this study, we aimed to investigate dynamic changes during development identified major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for thickness. It was observed that first increased then decreased. During growth formation stages, gradually reached maximum, after which it decreased minimum maturity. To identify QTLs thickness, a...

<title>Abstract</title> Apyrase is a class of enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis nucleoside triphosphates/diphosphates (NTP/NDP), which widely involved in regulation plant growth and stress responses. However, apyrase family genes maize have not been identified, their characteristics functions are largely unknown. In this study, we identified 16 apyrases (named as <italic>ZmAPY-ZmAPY16</italic>) genome, analyzed phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, chromosomal distribution,...

Objective By detecting the mutations spectrum of phenylalanine hydroxylase(PAH) gene in phe-nylketonuria(PKU) patients and their parents.The researchers analyzed mutation features high-frequency determined relationship between genotype phenotype, which would provide a theoretical basis for early diagnosis genetic consultation PKU children region. Methods In this study, 13 exons flanking introns PAH 32 parents from Wuxi Suqian Jiangsu province were sequenced by using next-generation...