A5037281582- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Bryophyte Studies and Records
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Fern and Epiphyte Biology
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Legionella and Acanthamoeba research
- Marine and environmental studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Materials Engineering and Processing
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
Conservatory and Botanical Garden of the City of Geneva
2015-2024
Institut Pasteur
1998-2019
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
1996-2019
Meise Botanic Garden
2015
University of Geneva
2012-2013
Inserm
1986-1992
Duke University
1991
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
1987
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
1987
University of Bern
1987
Virulent strains of Shigella flexneri invade HeLa cells with high efficiency. This crucial step in the pathogenic process is encoded by a 140-megadalton plasmid which induces phagocytosis bacteria host cells. In this report we used pWR100, virulence S. serotype 5, and pHS4108, 32-megadalton subclone to demonstrate that also responsible for rapid intracellular growth bacteria. The ability replicate intracellularly was not correlated induction Shiga toxin. However, plasmid-mediated...
The enteroinvasive bacterium Shigella flexneri expresses a plasmid-mediated capacity to penetrate into nonphagocytic cells. By using 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-phallacidin (NBD-phallacidin), fluorescent dye which specifically stains microfilaments, we observed condensations of filamentous actin underneath the plasma membrane HeLa cells interacted with invasive isolate M90T. As demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence antimyosin monoclonal antibody CC-212, myosin accumulated at same...
The number of undescribed species lichenized fungi has been estimated at roughly 10,000. Describing and cataloging these would take the existing taxonomists several decades; however, support for taxonomy is in decline worldwide. In this paper we emphasize dire need taxonomic expertise lichenology. We bring together 103 colleagues from institutions worldwide to describe a total 100 new fungi, representing wide geographic range. newly described are: Acarospora flavisparsa, A. janae,...
This is the first attempt to provide an overview of lichen diversity Alps, one biogegraphically most important and emblematic mountain systems worldwide. The checklist includes all lichenised species, plus a set non- or doubtfully taxa frequently treated by lichenologists, excluding non-lichenised lichenicolous fungi. Largely based on recent national regional checklists, it provides list infrageneric (with synonyms) hitherto reported from with data their distribution in eight countries...
Summary We studied the evolutionary history of Parmeliaceae (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota), one largest families lichen‐forming fungi with complex and variable morphologies, also including several lichenicolous fungi. assembled a six‐locus data set nuclear, mitochondrial low‐copy protein‐coding genes from 293 operational taxonomic units ( OTU s). The lifestyle originated independently three times in lichenized ancestors within Parmeliaceae, new generic name is introduced for these In all...
Transcription factor networks, together with histone modifications and signalling pathways, underlie the establishment maintenance of gene regulatory architectures associated molecular identity each cell type. However, how master transcription factors individually impact epigenomic landscape orchestrate behaviour networks under different environmental constraints is only partially understood. Here, we show that Nanog deploys multiple distinct mechanisms to enhance embryonic stem...
In Shigella flexneri a 220-kilobase plasmid encodes the ability to invade nonprofessional phagocytes by mechanism similar phagocytosis. this report, continuous macrophage cell line J774 was used study intracellular fate of both invasive and noninvasive strains. pWR100, virulence S. serotype 5, mediated very efficient rapid killing macrophages, as measured cellular detachment uptake trypan blue. For occur, bacteria had be within cells, since macrophages were protected cytochalasin D. A...
SUMMARY: We have previously cloned a 44 kb fragment from the virulence plasmid of Shigella flexneri serotype 5 strain M90T which is capable restoring invasiveness to an avirulent, plasmidless mutant. This report presents genetic and physical analysis Tn5 mutations in recombinant clone pHS4108. mutagenesis allowed identification at least five regions implicated entry phenotype. These were located on 20 portion Expression insertion mutants was studied by immunoblots using serum convalescent...
Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify diversity) with nomenclature name diversity). Two proposals amend International Code Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region extent) serve as taxon names voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from...
A counting process senses the X chromosome/autosome ratio and ensures that chromosome inactivation (XCI) initiates in early female (XX) embryo differentiating ES cells but not their male (XY) counterparts. Counting depends on center (Xic), which contains Xist gene encoding a nuclear RNA, coats inactive induces silencing. 37-kb sequence lying 3' to is known prevent initiation of XCI cells. This region major minor promoters Tsix gene, runs antisense Xist, DXPas34 tandem repeat close promoter....
Systematics and taxonomy of Usnea cornuta, U. flammea fragilescens are discussed. The morphology, chemistry distribution these species in Europe described a first attempt is made to provide key for the erect‐bushy subpendant sorediate Scandinavia. Compounds reported this aggregate include lobaric acid (new genus). new constrictula, inflate, intexla subpectinata reduced synonymy with dalmatica rupestris flammea, glaucescens hirta combination var. mollis proposed.
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Abstract Practically most of the taxonomists working on vascular plants and fungi are using so-called taxonomic species concept, relying largely morphological criteria or other observable patterns discontinuity assuming that these reflecting underlying genetic integrity species. Such a concept is described in detail here for genus Usnea . The typologicalview versus populational view discussed. diagnostic value characters used by previous recent analysed. fact has such bad reputation use J....
X chromosome inactivation in both mouse and human requires the presence of a cis acting locus, centre. This locus is thought to be involved initiation spreading signal early development. In order increase our understanding centre, 94 kb region immediately distal Xist gene has been sequenced analysed for transcription units and/or potential regulatory elements. We have identified novel gene, Tsx, lying 40 3′ from Xist. Tsx expressed specifically testis shows no convincing homology proteins...
Usnea species with a red-orange cortical or subcortical pigmentation were studied in the tropical Andes (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia) Galapagos Islands. Sixteen are treated, 14 occurring six Galapagos. crocata, U. grandisora (endemic to Galapagos), rubricornuta subdasaea newly described. dorogawensis, michauxii, subcornuta subrubicunda new South America. Tri-terpenoids detected by thin layer chromatography play an important role taxonomy of this group species. Several...