A5048620680- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
University of Otago
2011-2024
Dunedin Public Hospital
2019-2023
Southern District Health Board
2020-2022
Pharmac
2019
Christchurch Hospital
2010-2013
Christ University
2010
Regional Health
2007
Royal Hallamshire Hospital
1997
University of Sheffield
1997
Predicting corticosteroid response in COPD is important but difficult. Response more likely to occur association with eosinophilic airway inflammation, for which the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (Fe(NO)) a good surrogate marker.We aimed establish whether Fe(NO) levels would predict clinical oral COPD.We performed double-blind, crossover trial steroid patients COPD. After 4-week washout inhaled steroids, received prednisone 30 mg/d or matching placebo, random order, an intervening...
Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) can measure volatile compounds in breath on-line real time and has the potential to provide accurate tests for a number of inflammatory, infectious metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Breath concentrations acetone type 2 diabetic subjects undertaking long-term dietary modification programme were studied. Acetone 38 with diabetes determined by SIFT-MS. Anthropomorphic measurements, intake medication use recorded. Blood was analysed beta...
BACKGROUND: Optimal thromboprophylaxis for hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is uncertain. METHODS: In an open-label, adaptive platform trial, we randomly assigned adults Covid-19 to low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin or intermediate-dose plus aspirin. response external evidence, the aspirin intervention was discontinued and a therapeutic-dose arm added. The primary end point death requirement new organ support by day 28, analyzed Bayesian logistic model....
Using selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) for on-line analysis, we aimed to define the optimal single-exhalation breathing manoeuvre from which a measure of expired acetone concentration could be obtained. known concentrations in vitro, determined instrument's accuracy, inter-measurement variability and dynamic response time. Further, effects expiratory volume on breath 12 volunteers calculated intra-individual coefficients variation (CVs). At 600-3000 ppb 30 days over 2...
Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in exhaled breath has been proposed as a biomarker for airway inflammation, and also marker of the presence airways specific organisms, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However production HCN by salivary peroxidase oral cavity increases orally concentrations, may not reflect condition lower airways. Using SIFT-MS we aimed to determine an appropriate single-exhalation breathing maneuver which avoids interference produced cavity. We have established that Voice200™ is...
The β‐adrenoceptor agonist, isoprenaline, inhibited the IgE‐mediated release of histamine from human lung mast cells (HLMC) in a dose‐dependent manner. Maximal inhibitory effects were obtained with 0.1 μ M isoprenaline. However, inhibition HLMC by isoprenaline (0.1 ) was highly variable ranging 33 to 97% (mean, 59±3%, n =27). Long‐term (24 h) incubation led subsequent reduction ability second exposure inhibit HLMC. impairment following desensitizing conditions (1 for 24 amongst preparations...
Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem that poses challenge to treatment programs. Rifampicin potent and highly effective drug for TB treatment; however, higher oral doses than the standard dose (10 mg/kg/day) rifampicin may offer better efficacy in treatment.
We report a fast, sensitive, real-time method to measure monobromamine, monochloramine and dichloramine using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). Relative rate coefficients product distributions are reported for the reagent ions H3O+ O2 +. Rapid reactions with haloamines were observed + but no fast reaction was found NO+. A slow between NO+ observed. demonstrate feasibility of determining these compounds in single human breath which limit detection is approaching 10 parts per...
BackgroundNafamostat mesylate is a potent in vitro antiviral agent that inhibits the host transmembrane protease serine 2 enzyme used by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus for cell entry.MethodsThis open-label, pragmatic, randomized clinical trial Australia, New Zealand, and Nepal included noncritically ill hospitalized patients with disease 2019 (Covid-19). Participants were randomly assigned to usual care or plus nafamostat. The primary end point was death (any cause) receipt of...
Objectives Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly for Māori, which places large burden on the New Zealand (NZ) health system. We undertook qualitative study as part of mixed-methods implementation research project aimed to determine barriers enablers provision accessible high-quality COPD care. Setting Southern Health Region NZ (Otago Southland). Participants Thirteen professional stakeholders 23 patients severe...
ABSTRACT Background and objective While several studies have found that prescribing practices do not conform to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment guidelines, none examined longitudinal patterns of use long‐acting beta 2 ‐agonist (LABA) muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) therapy across an entire country. We undertook a nationwide follow‐up study describe in new users bronchodilators. Methods National health pharmaceutical dispensing data were used identify patients aged ≥45...
The fractional exhaled nitric oxide measured at an expiratory flow of 50mL/s (FENO50) is a marker airway inflammation, and high levels are associated with greater response to steroid treatment. In asthma, FENO50 increases bronchodilation decreases bronchoconstriction, the latter potentially causing underestimate degree inflammation when asthma worsens. It unknown whether same effect occurs in chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). Likewise, it not known changes calibre COPD patients alter...
The ability to diagnose disease or monitor treatment response using a breath test is an attractive concept. However, despite variety of analysis techniques, and growing body research, there are only limited number tests used routinely. Many the available techniques measure volatile compounds lack sensitivity deal with humidity be real use for testing. Selected Ion Flow Tube- Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS) however can quantitate in regardless humidity, has demonstrated potential rapid,...
Coronary heart disease occurs more frequently among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) compared to those without COPD. While some research suggests that long-acting bronchodilators might confer an additional risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), information from real-world clinical practice about the cardiovascular impact using two versus one bronchodilator for COPD is limited. We undertook a population-based nested case-control study estimate ACS in users both muscarinic...
Abstract The selectivity and sensitivity of selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT‐MS) for individual breath analysis haloamines has been improved by heating the in a commercial instrument to around 106°C. Data is presented showing marked reduction number density water clusters product ions common metabolites that are isobaric with from monochloramine monobromamine used monitor haloamine concentrations. These results have direct relevance real‐time monitoring chloramines drinking...
We examined health care utilisation and needs of people with severe COPD in the low-population-density setting Southern Region New Zealand (NZ). undertook a retrospective case note review patients coded as having an emergency department attendance and/or admission at least one acute exacerbation during 2015 to hospitals NZ. Data were collected analysed from 340 notes pertaining to: demographics, hospital admissions, outpatient contacts, pulmonary rehabilitation, advance planning...
The long-term effects of cannabis on small airway function remain unclear. We investigated associations between use and in a general population sample.