Abstract Silicon is widespread in modern electronics, but its electronic bandgap prevents the detection of infrared radiation at wavelengths above 1,100 nanometers, which limits applications multiple fields such as night vision, health monitoring and space navigation systems. It therefore interest to integrate silicon with infrared-sensitive materials broaden wavelength. Here we demonstrate a photovoltage triode that can use emitter also sensitive spectra owing heterointegrated quantum dot...

New focused ultrasound spinal cord applications have emerged, particularly those improving therapeutic agent delivery to the via blood–spinal barrier opening and neuromodulation of tracts. One hurdle in development these is safety. It may be possible use safety trends from seminal subsequent works guide guidelines for applications. We collated data decades pre-clinical studies illustrate a clear relationship between damage, time-averaged spatial peak intensity exposure duration. This...

The development of methods to safely rewarm large volume cryopreserved biological samples remains a barrier the widespread adoption cryopreservation. Here, experiments and simulations were performed demonstrate that ultrasound can increase rewarming rates relative thermal conduction alone. An ultrasonic setup based on custom 444 kHz tubular piezoelectric transducer was designed, characterized, tested with 2 mL cryovials filled frozen ground beef. Rewarming characterized in -20$^{\circ}$C...

To design and simulate the performance of two spine-specific phased arrays in sonicating targets spanning thoracic spine, with objective efficiently producing controlled foci spinal canal.Two (256 elements each, 500 kHz) were designed using multi-layered ray acoustics simulation: a four-component array dedicated components for via paravertebral transvertebral paths, two-component adaptive focusing. Mean efficiency (canal focus pressure/water pressure) was evaluated forward simulation neutral...

Ultrasonic molecular imaging (UMI) technology has attracted increasing interest because of its low cost and capability to evaluate changes rapidly noninvasively at the cellular levels. The key material this is ultrasound-responsive gas vesicles (GVs). GVs synthesized by conventional chemical methods have several limitations, such as high costs, yields, complex production processes. In comparison, biosynthesized advantages stability, a risk toxicity, genetic engineering characterization, easy...

. Focused ultrasound spinal cord neuromodulation has been demonstrated in small animals. However, most of the tested neuromodulatory exposures are similar intensity and exposure duration to reported animal threshold for possible damage. All efforts must be made minimize risk assure safety potential human studies, while maximizing treatment efficacy. This requires an understanding propagation heat deposition within spine.

The simulation accuracy of transvertebral ultrasound propagation using a multi-layered ray acoustics model based on CT-derived vertebral geometry was investigated through comparison with experimental measurements pressure fields in ex vivo human foramen. A spherically focused transducer (5 cm diameter, f-number 1.2, 514 kHz) geometrically to the centre individual thoracic foramen, posterior bony elements. Transducer paths laminae and spinous processes were tested. Simulation...

Focused ultrasound treatments of the spinal cord may be facilitated using a phased array transducer and beamforming to correct spine-induced focal aberrations. Simulations can non-invasively calculate aberration corrections x-ray computed tomography (CT) data that are correlated density (ρ) longitudinal sound speed (cL). We aimed optimize vertebral lamina-specific cL(ρ) functions at physiological temperature (37 °C) maximize time domain simulation accuracy. Odd-numbered ex vivo human...

Blocker tag attack is one of the denial-of-service (DoS) attacks that threatens privacy and security RFID systems. The attacker interferes with blocked by simulating a fake same ID, thus causing collision message replies. In many practical scenarios, number tags may vary, or even be small. For example, only block important customers high-value items. To avoid disclosure economic losses, it great importance to fast pinpoint these ones. However, existing works do not take into account impact...

Focused ultrasound spinal cord neuromodulation studies have demonstrated in small animals. The safe and efficacious translation of these approaches to human scale requires an understanding propagation heat deposition within the spine. To address this, combined acoustic thermal modelling was used assess pressure distributions produced by a 500 kHz source focused C5/C6 level cervical spine via two a) posterior window between vertebral arches, or b) lateral intervertebral foramen from which C6...

Phased arrays have long been used to deliver focused ultrasound the brain, but applications in spinal cord remain comparatively unexplored. This is largely due aberrating effect of vertebral bone on incoming wavefront, where variable density and complex geometry distort pressure field canal. For controlled focusing, phase amplitude corrections must therefore be calculated advance. Here, we validate a previously-developed ray acoustics model for transvertebral focusing with bilateral...

To evaluate the feasibility of transspine focused ultrasound using simulation-based phase corrections from a CT-derived ray acoustics model.

Focused ultrasound blood-spinal cord barrier opening is a promising new method for improving the non-invasive delivery of therapeutic agents to spinal cord. A custom 64-element phased array was built, based on design component spine-specific focusing through vertebral laminae and correcting vertebra-induced distortions. Geometric hydrophone delays were tested in each thoracic vertebra an ex vivo spine (n=12). Pressure fields measured canal measure focal aberrations. produced foci shifted by...

This paper proposes an ultra-broadband (2–13 GHz) and low-profile log-period monopole end-fire antenna for the flush-mounted applications. 24 monopoles with a rule are used to cover whole operating frequency band, those printed on both sides of low-loss dielectric layer vertically placed over slot feeding line wideband microstrip-to-slotline transition. The low profile is realized by bending parts long so that overall size obtained as 40 mm × 100 13.6 mm. proposed fabricated, measured...

Acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is an electronically optical which can make beams passing through the acousto-optic (AO) crystal manipulated by suitable frequency generated acoustic waves. In view of advantages AO devices such as compact, solid-state, easily integrated, extremely fast response and wavelength output, AOTF spectrometers have been widely applied in space-based instruments. Considering operation naturally occurring space radiation environment one major qualification issues...

It is well-known that fast solver designed for electrically large problem such as Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm (MLFMA) breaks down when applied low frequency problem. In this paper, we combines Loop-Tree decomposition with the recently developed Accelerated Cartesian Expansion (ACE) to achieve scale computation of scattering from perfect conducting (PEC) objects. Basis rearrangement and multi-step iteration scheme are also implemented improve convergence iterative solver. Numerical...

The deterioration of dual-function performance and increased complexity communication receivers challenge the efficiency dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) system based on linear frequency modulation (LFM). This paper designs a delayed jump mapping LFM (DJM-LFM) waveform-based DFRC system. delay jumps are generated at specific points in cycle to modulate data. After carrier mixing undersampling, receiver realizes dechirp digital domain, reduce requirements coherent signal generation...

The treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders is hindered by the presence specialized barriers that maintain privileged CNS environment and in doing so restrict transport molecules from vascular compartment to parenchyma. ability ultrasound combination with intravenously administered microbubbles transiently open Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) permit delivery therapeutic agents well established preclinical models has reached stage clinical investigations. Although methods are not yet as...

The development of clinical-scale technology for non-invasively focusing to the spinal cord has potential enable translation novel treatments, such as enhanced drug delivery via ultrasound modification blood-spinal barrier. This talk will present recent simulation and experimental results evaluating array-based human canal with non-invasive aberration correction.