A5054091795- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Marine and fisheries research
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Climate change and permafrost
- Polar Research and Ecology
Fisheries and Oceans Canada
2013-2024
Climate Centre
2024
University of Victoria
2008-2023
Environment and Climate Change Canada
2013-2021
Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions
2014-2020
Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center
2003-2006
University of Maryland, College Park
2001-2006
Universities Space Research Association
2000-2004
Seabrook
2004
Goddard Space Flight Center
2001-2003
<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) is a global model developed to simulate historical climate change and variability, make centennial-scale projections of future climate, produce initialized seasonal decadal predictions. This paper describes the components their coupling, as well various aspects development, including tuning, optimization, reproducibility strategy. We also document stability using long control...
[1] The response of the second-generation Canadian earth system model (CanESM2) to historical (1850–2005) and future (2006–2100) natural anthropogenic forcing is assessed using newly-developed representative concentration pathways (RCPs) greenhouse gases (GHGs) aerosols. Allowable emissions required achieve atmospheric CO2 pathways, are reported for RCP 2.6, 4.5 8.5 scenarios. For 1850–2005 period, cumulative land plus ocean carbon uptake and, consequently, diagnosed compare well with...
Abstract The magnitude and evolution of parameters that characterize feedbacks in the coupled carbon–climate system are compared across nine Earth models (ESMs). analysis is based on results from biogeochemically, radiatively, fully simulations which CO2 increases at a rate 1% yr−1. These part phase 5 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). fluxes between atmosphere underlying land ocean respond to changes atmospheric concentration temperature other climate variables....
Abstract. Anthropogenic climate change is projected to lead ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, reductions in near-surface nutrients, and changes primary production, all of which are expected affect marine ecosystems. Here we assess projections these drivers environmental over the twenty-first century from Earth system models (ESMs) participating Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) that were forced under CMIP6 Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). Projections...
Abstract. Results from the fully and biogeochemically coupled simulations in which CO2 increases at a rate of 1 % yr−1 (1pctCO2) its preindustrial value are analyzed to quantify magnitude carbon–concentration carbon–climate feedback parameters measure response ocean terrestrial carbon pools changes atmospheric concentration resulting change global climate, respectively. The results based on 11 comprehensive Earth system models most recent (sixth) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6)...
Application of biogeochemical models to the study marine ecosystems is pervasive, yet objective quantification these models' performance rare. Here, 12 lower trophic level varying complexity are objectively assessed in two distinct regions (equatorial Pacific and Arabian Sea). Each model was run within an identical one‐dimensional physical framework. A consistent variational adjoint implementation assimilating chlorophyll‐a, nitrate, export, primary productivity applied same metrics were...
High‐quality ocean color data (chlorophyll) provided by the Sea‐viewing Wide Field of view Sensor (SeaWiFS) satellite were analyzed for first complete year coverage (October 1997 to September 1998) in tropical Indo‐Pacific basin. This period coincides with peak one strongest El Niño events during December and La Niña 1998 that appeared dramatically less than a month as sea surface temperature (SST) change over 6°C central equatorial Pacific June 1998. The Indian Ocean also underwent highly...
Abstract The simulation of atmospheric–land–ocean CO2 exchange for the 1850–2000 period offers possibility testing and calibrating carbon budget in earth system models by comparing simulated changes atmospheric concentration land ocean uptake with observation-based information. In particular, some uncertainties associated treatment use change (LUC) role down regulation affecting strength fertilization terrestrial photosynthesis are assessed using Canadian Centre Climate Modelling Analysis...
Abstract. The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) is a global model developed to simulate historical climate change and variability, make centennial scale projections of future climate, produce initialized seasonal decadal predictions. This paper describes the components their coupling, as well various aspects development, including tuning, optimization reproducibility strategy. We also document stability using long control simulation, quantify model's ability reproduce large...
Significance Cadmium (Cd), a trace nutrient for marine algae, has distribution that closely matches the macronutrients nitrate and phosphate. Sedimentary microfossil records of Cd provide reconstructions past ocean distributions facilitate understanding role oceans in carbon cycle climate change. However, incomplete knowledge processes control addition removal ocean, Cd’s variability relative to major nutrients, limit use paleoceanographic proxy. We present coupled data concentration...
Abstract. Results from the fully-, biogeochemically-, and radiatively-coupled simulations in which CO2 increases at a rate of 1 % per year (1pctCO2) its pre-industrial value are analyzed to quantify magnitude two feedback parameters characterize coupled carbon-climate system. These response ocean terrestrial carbon pools changes atmospheric concentration resulting change global climate. The results based on eight comprehensive Earth system models fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project...
Abstract. During the fifth phase of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) substantial efforts were made to systematically assess skill Earth system models. One goal was check how realistically representative marine biogeochemical tracer distributions could be reproduced by In routine assessments model historical hindcasts compared with available modern observations. However, these considered neither close modeled reservoirs equilibrium nor sensitivity performance initial conditions...
Abstract Carbon cycle feedbacks are usually categorized into carbon–concentration and carbon–climate feedbacks, which arise owing to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration changing physical climate. Both often assumed operate independently: that is, the total feedback can be expressed as sum of two independent carbon fluxes functions climate change, respectively. For phase 5 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), radiatively biogeochemically coupled simulations have been undertaken...
Anthropogenically forced changes in ocean biogeochemistry are underway and critical for the carbon sink marine habitat. Detecting such will require quantification of magnitude change (anthropogenic signal) natural variability inherent to climate system (noise). Here we use Large Ensemble (LE) experiments from four Earth models (ESMs) with multiple emissions scenarios estimate Time Emergence (ToE) partition projection uncertainty anthropogenic signals five biogeochemically important...
Abstract. The ocean biogeochemistry components of two new versions the Canadian Earth System Model (CanESM) are presented and compared to observations other models. CanESM5 employs same biology model as CanESM2, whereas CanESM5-CanOE (Canadian Ocean Ecosystem model) is a new, more complex developed for CMIP6, with multiple food chains, flexible phytoplankton elemental ratios, prognostic iron cycle. This described in detail outputs (distributions major tracers such oxygen, dissolved inorganic...
Abstract. Ocean alkalinity is critical to the uptake of atmospheric carbon in surface waters and provides buffering capacity towards associated acidification. However, unlike dissolved inorganic (DIC), not directly impacted by anthropogenic emissions. Within context projections future ocean potential ecosystem impacts, especially through Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects (CMIPs), representation main driver its distribution interior, calcium carbonate cycle, have often been overlooked....
Ectoenzymatic hydrolysis is a crucial first step in bacterial utilization of polymeric dissolved organic matter (DOM). Variation the relative activities different enzymes can indicate seasonal and geographic variation mode bacterioplankton nutrition. We found that leucine aminopeptidase β ‐glucosidase seawater varied significantly among three oceanic regions: subtropical North Pacific, equatorial Southern Ocean. The temperature responses these also vary regions, suggesting distinct...