Anastasia Romanou
A5046171176- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
Goddard Institute for Space Studies
2015-2024
Columbia University
2014-2024
Applied Mathematics (United States)
2023-2024
Goddard Space Flight Center
2014-2016
Academy of Athens
2009-2010
University of Miami
2004
New York University
2003
Florida State University
2001
We use a global climate model to compare the effectiveness of many forcing agents for producing change. find substantial range in “efficacy” different forcings, where efficacy is temperature response per unit relative CO 2 forcing. Anthropogenic CH 4 has ∼110%, which increases ∼145% when its indirect effects on stratospheric H O and tropospheric 3 are included, yielding an effective ∼0.8 W/m period 1750–2000 making largest anthropogenic other than . Black carbon (BC) aerosols from biomass...
Abstract A full description of the ModelE version Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) and results are presented present-day climate simulations (ca. 1979). This is a complete rewrite previous models incorporating numerous improvements in basic physics, stratospheric circulation, forcing fields. Notable changes include following: top now above stratopause, number vertical layers has increased, new cloud microphysical scheme used, vegetation...
Abstract We present a description of the ModelE2 version Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) General Circulation Model (GCM) and configurations used in simulations performed Coupled Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). use six variations related to treatment atmospheric composition, calculation aerosol indirect effects, ocean model component. Specifically, we test difference between models that have noninteractive where radiatively important aerosols ozone are prescribed from...
This paper describes the GISS-E2.1 contribution to Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6). model version differs from predecessor (GISS-E2) chiefly due parameterization improvements atmospheric and ocean components, while keeping resolution same. skill when compared modern era climatologies is significantly higher than in previous versions. Additionally, updates forcings have a material impact on results. In particular, there been specific representations of modes variability...
Abstract. We investigate the issue of "dangerous human-made interference with climate" using simulations GISS modelE driven by measured or estimated forcings for 1880–2003 and extended to 2100 IPCC greenhouse gas scenarios as well "alternative" scenario Hansen Sato (2004). Identification "dangerous" effects is partly subjective, but we find evidence that added global warming more than 1°C above level in 2000 has may be highly disruptive. The alternative scenario, peak forcing ~1.5 W/m2 2100,...
Abstract. The Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (OMIP) focuses on the physics and biogeochemistry of ocean component Earth system models participating in sixth phase Coupled (CMIP6). OMIP aims to provide standard protocols diagnostics for models, while offering a forum promote their common assessment improvement. It also offers compare solutions same when forced with reanalysis data (OMIP simulations) vs. integrated within fully coupled Here we detail simulation OMIP's biogeochemical inert...
Abstract. This paper reviews progress on understanding biological carbon sequestration in the ocean with special reference to microbial formation and transformation of recalcitrant dissolved organic (RDOC), pump (MCP). We propose that RDOC is a concept wide continuum recalcitrance. Most compounds maintain their levels recalcitrance only specific environmental context (RDOCt). The pool also contains may be inaccessible microbes due extremely low concentration (RDOCc). differentiation allows...
We study the role of ocean in setting patterns and timescale transient response climate to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing. A novel framework is set out which involves integration an ocean-only model temperature signal forced from surface by anomalous downwelling heat fluxes damped at a rate controlled ‘climate feedback’ parameter. observe broad correspondence between evolution ( $$T_{anthro}$$ ) our simplified that coupled models perturbed quadrupling $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ . This suggests...
Trawling the seafloor can disturb carbon that took millennia to accumulate, but fate of and its impact on climate ecosystems remains unknown. Using satellite-inferred fishing events cycle models, we find 55-60% trawling-induced aqueous CO 2 is released atmosphere over 7-9 years. recent estimates bottom trawling’s sedimentary carbon, found between 1996-2020 trawling could have released, at global scale, up 0.34-0.37 Pg yr -1 atmosphere, locally altered water pH in some semi-enclosed heavy...
Abstract Observations of climate change during the CMIP5 extended historical period (1850–2012) are compared to trends simulated by six versions NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE2 Earth System Model. The models constructed from three atmospheric general circulation model, distinguished their treatment composition and aerosol indirect effect, combined with two ocean models, HYCOM Russell. Forcings that perturb model described. Five‐member ensemble averages each simulate surface...
Abstract. The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) aims to investigate the spread in simulations of sea-level and ocean climate change response CO2 forcing by atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs). It is particularly motivated uncertainties projections heat uptake, global-mean rise due thermal expansion geographical patterns density change. FAFMIP has three tier-1 experiments, which prescribed surface flux perturbations momentum, freshwater respectively...
Abstract We examine the anthropogenically forced climate response for 21st century representative concentration pathway (RCP) emission scenarios and their extensions period 2101–2500. The experiments were performed with ModelE2, a new version of NASA Goddard Institute Space Sciences (GISS) coupled general circulation model that includes three different versions atmospheric composition components: noninteractive (NINT) prescribed tuned aerosol indirect effect (AIE), TCAD fully interactive...
Abstract The biodiversity and high productivity of coastal terrestrial aquatic habitats are the foundation for important benefits to human societies around world. These globally distributed need frequent broad systematic assessments, but field surveys only cover a small fraction these areas. Satellite‐based sensors can repeatedly record visible near‐infrared reflectance spectra that contain absorption, scattering, fluorescence signatures functional phytoplankton groups, colored dissolved...
Abstract Simulations of the CMIP6 historical period 1850–2014, characterized by emergence anthropogenic climate drivers like greenhouse gases, are presented for different configurations NASA Goddard Institute Space Studies (GISS) Earth System ModelE2.1. The GISS‐E2.1 ensembles more sensitive to gas forcing than their CMIP5 predecessors (GISS‐E2) but warm less during recent decades due a reduction that is attributed greater longwave opacity in pre‐industrial simulations. This results an...
Abstract. During the fifth phase of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) substantial efforts were made to systematically assess skill Earth system models. One goal was check how realistically representative marine biogeochemical tracer distributions could be reproduced by In routine assessments model historical hindcasts compared with available modern observations. However, these considered neither close modeled reservoirs equilibrium nor sensitivity performance initial conditions...
Abstract We introduce a new climate model (GISS E2.2) that has been specially optimized for the middle atmosphere and whose output is being contributed to CMIP6 archive. The top of at geopotential altitude 89 km, parameterizations moist convection various forms gravity wave drag based on tropospheric processes are chosen specifically this optimization. first evaluate in its configuration as coupled atmosphere‐chemistry with respect simulation mean state atmosphere, from mesosphere down...
Abstract Many nations responded to the corona virus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic by restricting travel and other activities during 2020, resulting in temporarily reduced emissions of CO 2 , greenhouse gases ozone aerosol precursors. We present initial results from a coordinated Intercomparison, CovidMIP, Earth system model simulations which assess impact on climate these reductions. 12 models performed multiple initial‐condition ensembles produce over 300 spanning both condition...
Abstract This paper presents the response to anthropogenic forcing in GISS‐E2.1 climate models for 21st century Shared Socioeconomic Pathways emission scenarios within Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). The experiments were performed using an updated and improved version of NASA Goddard Institute Space Studies (GISS) coupled general circulation model that includes two different versions atmospheric composition: A non‐interactive (NINT) with prescribed composition a tuned...
Abstract Both the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have been melting at an accelerating rate over recent decades. Meltwater from might be expected to initiate a climate response that is distinct, perhaps different from, associated with meltwater. Which one elicit greater response, what mechanisms are involved? To explore these questions, we apply functions (CRFs) guide series of meltwater-perturbation experiments using fully coupled model. In both hemispheres, meltwater drives atmospheric...
Abstract A 10-member ensemble simulation with the NASA GISS-E2-1-G climate model shows a clear bifurcation in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) strength under SSP2–4.5 extended scenario. At 26°N, leads to 8 strong AMOC and 2 much weaker states, while at 48°N, it stable AMOC-on nearly AMOC-off latter lasting approximately 800 years. variety of fully coupled models have demonstrated tipping points through hosing experiments, i.e., prescribing sufficient freshwater inputs...
Abstract. While international climate policies now focus on limiting global warming well below 2 °C, or pursuing 1.5 the modeling community has not provided an experimental design in which all Earth System Models (ESMs) converge and stabilize at same prescribed levels. This gap hampers accurate estimations based comprehensive ESMs of carbon emission pathways needed to meet such agreed levels, associated impacts under temperature stabilization. Here, we apply Adaptive Emission Reduction...
Abstract Satellite retrievals of surface evaporation and precipitation from the Hamburg Ocean Atmosphere Parameters Fluxes Data (HOAPS-3) dataset are used to document distribution evaporation, precipitation, freshwater flux over Mediterranean Black Seas. An analysis is provided major scales temporal spatial variability budget atmospheric processes responsible for water changes. The satellite fluxes compared with fields three different reanalysis datasets [40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40),...
Abstract While it has generally been understood that the production of Labrador Sea Water (LSW) impacts Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC), this relationship not explored extensively or validated against observations. To explore relationship, a suite global ocean–sea ice models forced by same interannually varying atmospheric dataset, in resolution from non-eddy-permitting to eddy-permitting (1°–1/4°), is analyzed investigate local and downstream relationships between LSW...