Increasing evidence has shown that excess androgen may be a main cause of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the molecular mechanism action on is unclear. To investigate possible impacts early follicular development, neonatal mouse ovaries mainly containing primordial follicles were cultured with testosterone. We demonstrated number primary was increased after 10 d culture testosterone treatment via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Androgen induced Forkhead box (Foxo)-3a...

The early stages of ovarian follicle formation—beginning with the breakdown germ cell cysts and continuing formation primordial follicles transition to primary secondary follicles—are critical in determining reproductive life span fertility. Previously, we discovered that global knockouts cell-specific transcriptional co-regulators Sohlh1, Sohlh2, Lhx8, Nobox, cause rapid oocyte loss failure. Also factors such as Nobox Sohlh1 are associated human premature In this study, developed a...

Following migration of primordial germ cells to the genital ridge, oogonia undergo several rounds mitotic division and enter meiosis at approximately E13.5. Most oocytes arrest in dictyate (diplotene) stage circa E18.5. The genes necessary drive oocyte differentiation parallel with are unknown. Here, we have investigated whether expression spermatogenesis oogenesis bHLH transcription factor 1 (Sohlh1) Sohlh2 coordinates within embryonic ovary. We found that SOHLH2 protein was expressed mouse...

Seven new and immunosuppressive dimeric diterpenoids were elucidated. Compound 1 possesses a carbon skeleton. The biomimetic transformation of 2 into was achieved under mild, as well peroxide- metal-free conditions.

Abstract Background Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism ( HH ) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder that usually presents with amenorrhea, atrophic ovaries, and low estrogen. Most cases of are idiopathic nonsyndromic. Nucleoporin 107 NUP ), protein involved in transport between cytoplasm nucleus putative roles meiosis/mitosis progression, was recently implicated as cause . We identified genetic variant nonconsanguineous family two sisters affected primary amenorrhea HH, generated mouse model...

Egg turning during incubation plays important roles in achieving high hatching performance and gosling quality. The objective of this study was to improve embryonic muscular developments so achieve better quality by wider egg angles incubation, unravel the associated regulatory molecular mechanisms. In each three consecutive incubations, 1,728 goose eggs were divided into 3 groups that set same type commercial incubators with adjusted differently 50°, 60°, 70°, respectively. On average...

Class incremental learning (CIL) has drawn wide attention in academic researches. However, most existing methods cannot be applied to some practical scenarios which unknown classes occur during the inference stage. To solve this problem, we target a more challenging and realistic setting: <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Incremental Open Set Learning</i> (IOSL), needs reject from test data while incrementally new classes. IOSL...

Traditional 3D point cloud classification tasks focus on training a classifier in the closed-set scenario, where and test data have same label set distribution. In this work, we more challenging realistic scenario task: universal domain adaptation (UniDA), 1) distributions for are different; 2) given sets of data, they may shared classes keep private respectively, introducing an extra discrepancy. To solve UniDA problem, researchers designed many methods based 2D image datasets. However, due...

The hippocampal neurogenesis occurs constitutively throughout adulthood in mammalian species, but declines with age. In this study, we overtly found that the neuroblast proliferation and differentiation subgranular zone maturation into fully functional integrated neurons granule-cell layer young gerbils following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion was much more than those old gerbils. neurological function cognitive memory-function rehabilitation improved faster one. These results demonstrated...

L-Leucine (L-Leu) was demonstrated to confer thermotolerance by in ovo feeding broiler chicks and chickens our previous studies. However, the L-Leu-mediated roles recovering from detrimental effects of heat stress broilers are still unknown. This study aimed investigate L-Leu on growth performance, relative weight organs, serum metabolites antioxidant parameters, gene expression profiles after chronic stress. Fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were subjected sterile water (0.5 mL/egg) or (69...

Five new arylnaphthalide lignans (1 − 4a/4b), together with five known analogues (5–9), were isolated from whole plants of Saussurea medusa. Compound 4 was characterized as an aryltetralin lignan unusual C-7′-C-9 oxygen bridge group, and a chiral HPLC analysis carried out to afford one pair enantiomers (4a/4b). Structures the compounds elucidated by extensive spectroscopic electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. All firstly S. medusa, 1–5, 7 8 had never been obtained genus...

L-Leucine (L-Leu) in ovo administration was demonstrated to afford thermotolerance and modified amino acids metabolism post-hatched broiler chicks under heat stress. This study aimed investigate the changes embryonic growth acid after injection of L-Leu. Fertilized eggs were subjected sterile water or L-Leu on day (ED) 7. The weight embryos yolk sacs measured ED 12, 14, 16, 18. Plasma livers collected 14 18 for free analysis. relative significantly lowered by L-Leu, but those not altered....

The present study was carried to investigate dynamic variations in serum amino acid (AA) contents and the relative mRNA abundance of AA transporters synthesis-related enzymes liver, ovary oviduct pigeons during one egg-laying cycle (ELC). In experiment 1, seventy laying (American Silver King) were randomly divided into 14 groups by different days ELC (DELC) arranged as a 2 × 7 factorial design, which included ages (6-mo-old or 12-mo-old) DELCs. For 2, 35 six-mo-old DELCs immediately treated...

Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone type 1 and 2 have been demonstrated to inhibit follicle-stimulating (FSH)-induced granulosa cell (GC) steroidogenesis. A third of GnRH (GnRH-III) was also purified from salmon, its action on the FSH-regulated GC function, however is not clear. In present study we that FSH-induced estrogen progesterone production in cultured DES-treated GCs significantly inhibited by GnRH-III. Furthermore, FSH-stimulated steroidogenic acute regulatory protein enzymes for...

Objectives: An ethanol extract of the whole plants Saussurea medusa had been investigated to find novel anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenoids. Methods: Extensive spectroscopic data and chemical methods were applied elucidate structures compounds. Results: One new megastigmane sesquiterpenoid (1), along with 11 known analogues (2-12), obtained from S. medusa. All isolates, except compounds 3 6, mentioned studied plant for first time. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 12 firstly isolated genus...