A5058663124- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Neurofibromatosis and Schwannoma Cases
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- AI in cancer detection
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Meningioma and schwannoma management
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
2016-2024
National Institutes of Health
2011-2023
National Cancer Institute
2011-2023
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2001-2020
Leidos (United States)
2016-2018
University of Virginia
2018
Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. (United States)
2017
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
2007-2016
George Mason University
2004-2015
Northwestern University
2015
We used whole brain functional MRI to investigate the neural network specifically engaged in recognition of “biological motion” defined by point-lights attached major joints and head a human walker. To examine specificity regions responsive biological motion, activations obtained during “walker vs. non-walker” discrimination task were compared with those elicited two other tasks: ( i ) non-rigid motion (NRM), involving overall direction same “point-lights” display, ii face-gender...
Although cognitive neuroscience has made remarkable progress in understanding the involvement of prefrontal cortex executive control, broader functional networks that support high-level cognition and give rise to general intelligence remain be well characterized. Here, we investigated neural substrates factor (g) function 182 patients with focal brain damage using voxel-based lesion–symptom mapping. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System were used derive...
Abstract The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) as a cause severe disease highlights the need for effective approaches to CoV vaccine development. Efforts focused solely on receptor-binding domain (RBD) viral Spike (S) glycoprotein may not optimize neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses. Here we show that immunogens based full-length S DNA and S1 subunit protein elicit robust serum-neutralizing activity against several MERS-CoV strains in mice non-human...
<b>Objective: </b> To longitudinally analyze changes in plexiform neurofibroma (PN) volume relation to age and body growth children young adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 inoperable, symptomatic, or progressive PNs, using a sensitive, automated method of volumetric MRI analysis. <b>Methods: We included patients 25 years younger PNs entered natural history study treatment trials who had over ≥16 months. <b>Results: studied 49 (median 8.3 years) 61 median evaluation period 34 months (range...
We used fMRI to investigate the roles played by perilesional and contralesional cortical regions during language production in stroke patients with chronic aphasia. applied comprehensive psycholinguistic analyses based on well-established models of lexical access overt picture-naming responses, which were evaluated using a single trial design that permitted distinction between correct incorrect responses trial-by-trial basis. Although both naming associated left-sided activation, selectively...
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) found by positron emission/computed tomography (PET-CT) using flouro-deoxyglucose (FDG) is inducible cold exposure in men. Factors leading to increased BAT are of great interest for its potential role the treatment diabetes and obesity.We tested whether thyroid hormone (TH) levels related volume activity a patient with mutation insulin receptor gene. DESIGN/SETTING/INTERVENTION: Our work was based on case report an observational study at National Institutes...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, promotes survival and synaptic plasticity in human brain. The Val66Met polymorphism BDNF gene interferes with intracellular trafficking, packaging, regulated secretion this neurotrophin. prefrontal cortex (PFC) shows lifelong neuroplastic adaption implicating recovery higher-order executive functions after traumatic brain injury (TBI). In study, we examined effect on functioning TBI. We genotyped sample male...
AbstractThe current study examined how specific neurological systems contribute to the expression of multiple personality dimensions. We used individuals with traumatic brain injuries examine contribution dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)—a region important for executive function and attention—to neuroticism conscientiousness factors facets. Results from Voxel-Based Lesion-Symptom Mapping analyses revealed that focal damage left DLPFC (Brodmann's area 9) was associated high low...
To examine the natural growth dynamics of internal plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) in patients with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). Two hundred and one NF1 underwent whole body MRI (WBMRI). Tumour burden was estimated volumetrically. Non-parametric Spearman’s rho correlation coefficients were used to analyse relationship rate tumour volume age. Chi-squared Mann–Whitney U tests for analysing association occurrence sex or age group. Seventy-one 171 serial WBMRI exams had PNs (median follow up 2.2...
RAS is dysregulated in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) related plexiform neurofibromas (PNs). The activity of tipifarnib, which blocks signaling by inhibiting its farnesylation, was tested children and young adults with NF1 progressive PNs.Patients aged 3-25 years NF1-related PNs imaging evidence tumor progression were randomized a double-blinded fashion to receive tipifarnib (200 mg/m(2) orally every 12 h) or placebo (phase A) crossed over the opposite treatment arm at time B). PN volumes...
Studies investigating theory of mind (ToM) abilities (i.e. ability to understand and predict others' mental states) have revealed that affective cognitive functions play a significant role each those are associated with distinct neural networks. Cognitive facets ToM implicated the medial prefrontal cortex, temporo-parietal junction anterior paracingulate whereas ventromedial cortex (vmPFC). Although vmPFC has repeatedly shown be critical for functions, knowledge regarding exact left right in...
The ability to read emotions in the face of another person is an important social skill that can be impaired subjects with traumatic brain injury (TBI). To determine regions modulate facial emotion recognition, we conducted a whole-brain analysis using well-validated recognition task and voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM) large sample patients focal penetrating TBIs (pTBIs). Our results revealed individuals pTBI performed significantly worse than normal controls recognizing unpleasant...
Pirfenidone, an oral anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic agent with activity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, may mediate anti-tumor neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and plexiform neurofibromas (PN) by inhibition of fibroblast proliferation collagen synthesis. The primary objective this open label, single arm phase II trial was to evaluate the pirfenidone children young adults inoperable PN.
Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to a set of competencies that are essential features human social life. Although the neural substrates EI virtually unknown, it is well established prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays crucial role in social-emotional behavior. We studied unique sample combat veterans from Vietnam Head Injury Study, which prospective, long-term follow-up study with focal penetrating head injuries. administered Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Intelligence Test as valid standardized...
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder, yet its pathophysiological basis remains poorly understood. Studying group of 192 patients with focal brain lesions, we show significant association between insomnia and left dorsomedial prefrontal damage. Our findings are the first to demonstrate link discrete locus damage, providing novel insight into neurobiological mechanisms maintenance.
To investigate GABA-ergic receptor density and associated brain functional grey matter changes in focal hand dystonia (FHD).18 patients with FHD of the right 18 age gender matched healthy volunteers (HV) participated this study. We measured GABA-A receptors using [11C] Flumazenil perfusion [15O] H2O. Anatomical images were also used to measure volume voxel-based morphometry (VBM).In compared HV, vermis VI cerebellum left sensorimotor cortex had a decrease binding potential (FMZ-BP), whereas...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing an exponentially increasing number of disease 19 (COVID-19) cases globally. Prioritization medical countermeasures for evaluation in randomized clinical trials critically hindered by the lack COVID-19 animal models that enable accurate, quantifiable, and reproducible measurement pulmonary free from observer bias. We first used serial computed tomography (CT) to demonstrate bilateral intrabronchial instillation SARS-CoV-2...
Abstract We hypothesized that it would be possible to detect the distribution of cortical activation by using a sensitive, rapid, high‐resolution infrared imaging technique monitor changes in local cerebral blood flow induced focal metabolism. In prospective study, we recorded 21 patients emission radiation from exposed human cortex at baseline, during language and motor tasks, stimulation contralateral median nerve an camera (sensitivity 0.02°C). The sensorimotor was identified standard...