Cellulose nanocrystals were prepared using ionic liquids (ILs), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [EMIM][Cl] and 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium [PMIM][Cl], from microcrystalline cellulose. The resultant samples characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission (TEM). XRD results showed that nanocellulose obtained treatment with both ILs preserved basic cellulose I...

The increasing interest in sustainable materials has led to a growing exploration of natural biopolymers as matrices for these materials. Chitosan, valued its biocompatibility and biodegradability, is valuable raw material eco-friendly products. This study assessed the impact incorporating cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) propolis extract (EEP) on mechanical, physical, structural, gas barrier, antimicrobial properties chitosan-based films, especially within scope their prospective use packaging...

Propolis extracts possess beneficial biological effects, such as antioxidant activity. However, the composition of propolis and properties its depend on many factor, including time harvesting. The main purpose this study was to evaluate seasonal effect phenolic profile Polish their samples were collected from same apiary during three seasons year. chemical (contents acids flavonoids) ethanolic determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode detector triple...

Propolis is a natural bee product with various beneficial biological effects. The health-promoting properties of propolis depend on its chemical composition, particularly the presence phenolic compounds. aim this study was to evaluate relationship between extraction solvent (acetone 100%, ethanol 70% and 96%) antifungal, antioxidant, cytoprotective activity extracts obtained from propolis. Concentrations flavonoids acids in were determined using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography....

Nanocellulose has gained increasing attention during the past decade, which is related to its unique properties and wide application. In this paper, nanocellulose samples were produced via hydrolysis with ionic liquids (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate (EmimOAc) 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl)) from microcrystalline celluloses (Avicel Whatman) subjected enzymatic pretreatment. The obtained material was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray...

Propolis is one of the bee products, with multiple biological properties used in numerous applications. The research objective was to determine chemical composition and (antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, cytoprotective activity) propolis extracts collected from various regions Poland. results indicated that total content phenols (116.16–219.41 mg GAE/g EEP) flavonoids (29.63–106.07 QE/g depended on their geographic origin. high epicatechin, catechin, pinobanksin, myricetin,...

Forest biomass is a renewable source of environmentally friendly material—wood. However, wood processing generates large amounts by-products, including branches. These byproducts are often used as firewood; however, they can be much more effectively. In this study, the pyrolysis two woods, namely birch and pine, was proposed. The liquid products were studied by FTIR spectroscopy, heating value these evaluated. order to find optimal temperature from point view calorific product, process...

Plastic pollution and environmental degradation necessitate the development of natural, biodegradable food preservation materials. This study examined chitosan-based film-forming solutions using kombucha derived from black tea, lemon balm, chamomile as natural solvents rich in bioactive compounds. Lemon balm were used to create chitosan films coat red peppers. The assessed mechanical properties effects coating on peppers, including texture, ascorbic acid content, sensory attributes,...

In the last decade, an increasingly common method of maize stover management is to use it for energy generation, including anaerobic digestion biogas production. Therefore, aim this study was provide a chemical and structural characterization fractions and, based on these parameters, evaluate potential application fractions, study, cobs, husks, leaves stalks, were used. The biomass samples characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis elemental composition. Among...

Propolis is a natural material collected by honeybees, containing bioactive compounds that exhibit biological activity. The aim of this study was to assess the chemical composition Polish propolis extracted with two different concentrations ethanol, namely 70% and 96%, evaluate their antioxidant activity depending on extraction conditions. Samples were 96% ethanol in order obtain ethanolic extracts EEP70 EEP96, respectively. Concentrations 10 flavonoids 6 phenolic acids determined using...

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in extending the service life of wood and products by applying natural substances that are harmless to humans environment. In this paper, propolis was used as an eco-friendly preservative. The aim study determine resistance Scots pine treated with extract against brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana. biodegradation assessed gravimetric method, well analysis ergosterol concentration decayed determination changes structure means Fourier transform infrared...

Maize stover is a morphologically diverse biomass, consisting of cobs, leaves, husks and stalks. Technological solutions allow separation maize fractions depending on harvest term, tissular chemical composition. Different compositions lignocellulose biomasses affect energy efficiency specific in methane fermentation. The aim this study was to correlate the composition (cobs, husks, leaves stalks) with yield value while considering different times for biogas Pearson correlation coefficients...

Earlier studies have revealed that wood treated with caffeine was effectively protected against decay fungi and molds. However, there is a need to establish how the molecule behaves after impregnation it can protect wood. The objective of research characterize interaction between Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) as well assess stability alkaloid in lignocellulosic material. For this purpose, an elementary analyzer used nitrogen concentration results showed easily removed from structure...

Edible nuts are an important component of a healthy diet, and their frequent consumption has beneficial impact on human health, including reducing the risk cardiovascular neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, various factors, cultivar, climate, soil characteristic, storage treatment have influence chemical composition nuts. Therefore, nine tree nut types peanuts commonly available Polish market were evaluated for phenolic profile mineral elements content. The concentration individual...

The aim of this study was to assess the effect duration heat treatment on changes in color, as well chemical and mechanical properties Scots pine sapwood. An important element research obtain assumed temperature entire volume samples. Quantitative color its components were recorded, while determined tests compressive strength parallel perpendicular grain, longitudinal tensile modulus elasticity impact strength. novelty determine above-mentioned parameters for twin samples with identical...

Chitosan-based films show great potential in terms of application food preservation and are also promising carriers biologically active ingredients. This paper presents the use chitosan-based with addition essential oil components, e.g., carvacrol, eugenol, isoeugenol, intended for packaging. The characteristics obtained were determined, including antibacterial, mechanical, barrier, structural parameters. In addition, antibacterial antioxidant effects components assessed. Eugenol (44.41%)...

The aim of the study was to present chemical characteristics a potential wood protection system composed three components. paper presents preliminary results and biological analysis treated with mixture 30% ethanol extract propolis, caffeine organosilanes: methyltrimetoxysilane (MTMOS) octyltriethoxysilane (OTEOS). sapwood Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) impregnated above mentioned solution by vacuum method. samples preservative were subjected accelerated aging procedure according EN 84...

Effects of chemical modification wood with innovative ionic liquid on the supermolecular and morphology wood/polypropylene composites were investigated using X-ray diffraction, hot stage optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry. For first time treatment was conducted solely newly synthesized liquid, didecyldimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. The found to be responsible for significant changes in nucleating abilities polypropylene matrix. These findings confirmed...

Abstract Nowadays, taking into account environmental degradation, climate changes, as well as, environmentally friendly regulations and increasing ecological awareness of consumers, methods wood protection without negative impact on the environment are being intensively developed. In this study, a mixture chitosan caffeine was proposed preservative. The aim research to evaluate application (medium high molecular weight) an agent limiting leaching from structure treated wood. resistance pine...

Chitosan is a natural and biodegradable polymer with promising potential for biomedical applications. This study concerns the production of chitosan-based materials future use in medical industry. Bioactive substances-caffeine ethanolic propolis extract (EEP)-were incorporated into chitosan matrix to increase bioactivity obtained films improve their mechanical properties. Acetic citric acids were used as solvents films. The characterized terms antibacterial antifungal activities, well...