The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant mechanisms red ginseng essential oil (REO) in cells as well an animal model. REO prepared by a supercritical CO(2) extraction waste-products generated after hot water ginseng. In HepG2 cells, diminished H(2)O(2)-mediated oxidative stress and also restored both activity expression enzymes such superoxide dismutase, catalase glutathione peroxidase. Administration inhibited phosphorylation upstream mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)...

The rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is known to have several bioactive compounds including gingerols and shogaols which possess beneficial health properties such as anti-inflammatory chemopreventive effects. Based on recent observations that 6-shogaol may more potent bioactivity than 6-gingerol, we obtained a 6-shogaol-rich extract from examined its effects the nuclear factor E2-related factor2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway in vitro vivo. 6-Shogaol-rich was...

Neuroinflammatory responses induced by amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) are important causes in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Blockade Aβ has emerged as a possible therapeutic approach to control onset AD. This study investigated neuroprotective effects and molecular mechanisms p-coumaric acid (p-CA) ursolic (UA) from Corni fructus against Aβ(25-35)-induced toxicity PC12 cells. p-CA UA significantly inhibited expression iNOS COX-2 Aβ(25-35)-injured nuclear translocation p65 subunit...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment. Many lines of evidence indicate that excessive β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) generation aggregation play pivotal roles in initiation AD, leading to various biochemical alteration including oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, signaling pathway finally resulting neuronal death. AD has a complex pathogenic mechanism, single-target approach for anti-AD...

Abnormal melanin synthesis upon UV exposure causes excessive oxidative stress, which leads to skin hyperpigmentation disorders such as freckles, melisma, and age spots. The present study investigated the anti-melanogenic effects of decursin underlying mechanism using multiple approaches. Decursin exhibited no cytotoxicity significantly reduced intracellular tyrosinase activity content in B16F10 melanoma cells. also inhibited expression melanogenic enzymes tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)- 1,...

ABSTRACT: Isoflavones and their glycosides were isolated from kudzu root, formononetin‐7‐ O ‐glucoside (ononin) was identified the plant for first time. Among compounds, antioxidant potency of 5 major compounds determined using (1) 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl free‐radical scavenging assay, (2) thiocyanate assay in linoleic acid model system, (3) lipoxygenase inhibition assay. The study indicates that act as scavengers inhibit both peroxidation activity. 3 different assays determining...

In the present study, anti-inflammatory effect and underlying mechanisms of wild grape seeds procyanidins (WGP) were examined using lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We used nitric oxide (NO) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays to examine inhibitory WGP further investigated suppressed LPS-mediated genes upstream expression by Western blot confocal microscopy analysis. Our data indicate that significantly reduced NO, PGE2, ROS production also...

It is thought that the neuronal cell loss caused by oxidative stress primary mechanism underlying pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. Glutamate an endogenous neurotransmitter, but at high concentrations it can act as a neurotoxicant increasing intracellular levels reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, development factors attenuate glutamate-induced in cells good strategy which new drugs could be discovered may treat or prevent diseases. Here, neuroprotective effects...

β-Amyloid (Aβ) peptide is the major component of senile plaques and considered to have a causal role in development progression Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There compelling evidence supporting notion that Aβ-induced cytotoxicity mediated though generation ROS. In present study, we investigated neuroprotective effects ursolic acid (UA), p-coumaric (p-CA), gallic (GA) isolated from Corni fructus (CF) against Aβ(25–35)-induced toxicity PC12 cell. Exposure cells 50 μM Aβ(25–35) increased cellular...

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by excessive accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) and progressive loss neurons. Therefore, the inhibition Aβ-induced neurotoxicity potential therapeutic approach for treatment AD. Ecklonia cava an edible brown seaweed, which has been recognized as rich source bioactive derivatives, mainly phlorotannins. In this study, phlorotannins including eckol, dieckol, 8,8′-bieckol were used neuroprotective candidates their...

Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, one of the most important pathogenic traits Alzheimer’s disease (AD), invokes a cascade oxidative damage and eventually leads to neuronal death. In present study, baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A, main active flavones in Scutellaria baicalensis, were evaluated for their neuroprotective effects against Aβ25–35-stimulated damage. All tested compounds decreased Aβ25–35-induced ROS generation cell cycle arrest. particular, baicalein exhibited strongest antioxidant...

Increasing evidence is suggesting that amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD), induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to neuronal death. This study aimed demonstrate the antioxidant anti-apoptotic effects fucoxanthin, major marine carotenoid found in brown algae, against injury caused by Aβ. Non-toxic dose range fucoxanthin (0.1-5 µM) were selected for neuroprotective Aβ25-35. The PC12 cells pretreated with different concentrations 1 h...

Procyanidins, polymers of flavan-3-ol units, have been reported to exhibit many beneficial health effects such as antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic effects. In this study, we investigated the cancer chemopreventive properties procyanidins from wild grape (Vitis amurensis) seeds in particular their roles inducing phase II detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes well modulating upstream kinases. Ethanolic extract V. amurensis was fractionated with a series organic solvents finally separated into six...

Hair loss (alopecia) is a universal problem for numerous people in the world. The present study was conducted to investigate effects of red ginseng oil (RGO) and its major components on hair re-growth using testosterone (TES)-induced delay anagen entry C57BL/6 mice their mechanisms action. Seven-week-old were daily treated with TES 1 h prior topical application 10% RGO, 1% linoleic acid (LA), β-sitosterol (SITOS), or bicyclo(10.1.0)tridec-1-ene (BICYCLO) once day 28 days. regenerative...

Alzheimer′s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases with a multifactorial nature. β-Secretase (BACE1) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which are required for production neurotoxic β-amyloid (Aβ) promotion Aβ fibril formation, respectively, considered as prime therapeutic targets AD. In our efforts towards development potent multi-target, directed agents AD treatment, major phlorotannins such eckol, dieckol, 8,8′-bieckol from Ecklonia cava (E. cava) were evaluated....

The induction of cellular defensive genes such as phase II detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes is a highly effective strategy for protection against carcinogenesis well slowing cancer development. Transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear E2-related 2) responsible activation induced by natural chemopreventive compounds. Red ginseng oil (RGO) was extracted using supercritical CO2 extraction system chemical profile RGO investigated GC/MS. Effects on regulation the Nrf2/antioxidant response element...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, distinctively characterized by senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and synaptic loss, finally resulting in neuronal death. β-Site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) cholinesterases have been identified as therapeutic targets for AD, discovery of their inhibitors critical importance developing preventive strategies AD. To discover natural multi-target compounds possessing BACE1,...

The present study suggests that the major compounds of red ginseng oil prevent Aβ-induced neurotoxicity <italic>via</italic> anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory functions.

Abstract We examined the effects of different processing methods on nutritional composition and antioxidant activity mealworms. After with nine methods, we calculated contents protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate, minerals (P, Ca, K, Fe, Na), vitamin B group (B 1 , 2 3 ), moisture, calories. When processed by freeze drying among drying, hot air oven broiling, roasting, pan frying, deep boiling, steaming, microwaving, some minerals, vitamins were highest. The content total was lowest after those...

One of the major neurodegenerative features Alzheimer's disease (AD) is presence neurotoxic amyloid plaques composed beta peptide (Aβ). β-Secretase (BACE1) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which promote Aβ fibril formation, have become attractive therapeutic targets for AD. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), efflux pump blood-brain barrier (BBB), plays a critical role in limiting molecules. In pursuit discovering natural anti-AD candidate, bioactivity, physicochemical, drug-likeness, molecular docking...

In our ongoing research to find therapeutic compounds for Alzheimer's disease (AD) from natural resources, the inhibitory activity of BACE1 enzyme by Tenebrio molitor larvae and its major were evaluated. The T. extract fractions exhibited strong suppression. components hexane fraction possessing both high yield inhibition determined thin layer chromatography, gas nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. A remarkable composition unsaturated long chain fatty acids, including oleic acid linoleic...

A total of 48 different volatile oils were identified form P. brevitarsis larvae by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Acids (48.67%) detected as the major group in comprising largest proportion compounds, followed esters (19.84%), hydrocarbons (18.90%), alcohols (8.37%), miscellaneous (1.71%), aldehydes (1.35%) and terpenes (1.16%). The constituents 9-hexadecenoic acid (16.75%), 6-octadecenoic (14.88%) n-hexadecanoic (11.06%). composition fatty was also determined GC analysis 16...