In this paper, the concept of phase modulated MIMO radars is explained and demonstrated with a 28-nm CMOS fully integrated 79-GHz radar SoC. It includes two transmitters, receivers, mm-wave frequency generation. The receivers' outputs are digitized by on-chip ADCs processed custom designed digital core, which performs correlation accumulation pseudorandom sequence used in transmission. SoC consumes 1 W to achieve 7.5 cm range resolution. A module antennas allows for 5° resolution over ±60°...

Automotive radars in the 77-81 GHz band will be widely deployed coming years. This paper provides a comparison of bi-phase modulated continuous wave (PMCW) and linear frequency-modulated (FMCW) waveforms for these radars. The covers performance, implementation other non technical aspects. Multiple Input Output (MIMO) require perfectly orthogonal on different transmit antennas, preferably transmitting simultaneously fast illumination. In this paper, we propose two techniques: Outer code Range...

Millimeter-wave sensors perform robust and accurate remote motion sensing. We propose a 28 nm CMOS Radar TX that modulates 79 GHz carrier with 2 Gsps Pseudo-Noise sequence. The measured modulated output power at in 4 BW is higher than +11 dBm (27°C), while the spurious emissions are below -20 dBc, fully satisfying spectral mask regulations. RF where we can lock injection-locked LO 13 GHz. Overall, draws 121 mW from 0.9 V supply resulting record efficiency above 10%. More importantly,...

Millimeter-Wave transceivers with beamforming capabilities, such as the one presented in this work, are a key technology to reach 4 or 6Gb/s at 10m range IEEE 802.11ad standard. Moreover, for mm-Wave access 5G it will also be necessary boost peak data-rates far beyond 1Gb/s hundreds of meters small cells. Transceiver architectures often combine superheterodyne RF [1], leading high power consumption and suboptimal RX noise figure due losses circuitry. In contrast, 57-to-66GHz TRX IC paper,...

High-rate communications technology leveraging the unlicensed spectrum around 60 GHz is almost ready for deployment with several demonstrations of successful wireless links. One key aspect transceiver ability to handle analog fractional bandwidths in order 20%, challenging both linear processing chain and frequency reference generator. In classical LC loaded stages bandwidth trades gain making them unsuitable wide band amplifiers at millimeter-waves where available device relatively low....

This paper presents a 79GHz variable gain low-noise amplifier (LNA) and power (PA), both implemented in 28nm CMOS, measured at temperatures from 27°C to 125°C. The 4-gain steps LNA the 17dB PA are based on multistage common source neutralized push-pull topology. achieves of 23.8dB noise figure (NF) 4.9dB, maximum added efficiency (PAE) 13.8% saturated output (Psat) 12.3dBm. At 125°C functional with NF <; 7dB Psat >11dBm. demonstrates feasibility using scaled CMOS technology (28nm) for...

The demand for inexpensive and ubiquitous accurate motion-detection sensors road safety, smart homes robotics justifies the interest in single-chip mm-Wave radars: a high carrier frequency allows angular resolution compact multi-antenna system wide bandwidth fora depth resolution. With objective of radar systems, CMOS is natural candidate to replace SiGe as leading technology [1-6].

An 80 GHz transmitter leakage cancellation circuit is implemented and integrated together with a low-noise amplifier (LNA) as part of receiver front-end for phase-modulated continuous-wave radar. The achieved by subtracting copy the signal from received one at output LNA. system incorporates an analog feedback loop to adjust amplitude copy, well vector modulator its phase. proposed LNA in 28 nm CMOS technology achieves gain 15.2 dB, NF 5.5 IP <sub...

Multi-Gb/s wireless communications, allocated in the unlicensed spectrum around 60GHz, have been topic of intense research recent past and devices are expected to hit market shortly. Key aspects behind increasing interest for technology deployment feasibility radio scaled CMOS successful demonstration Gb/s transmissions [1]. Despite fact that several circuit techniques at mm-Waves introduced public literature, key analog processing tailored application requirements need be addressed. Four...

We report on hybrid BiCMOS-Silicon photonics receivers with waveguide coupled Ge/Si avalanche photodiodes, designed in a lateral separate charge absorption multiplication configuration. demonstrate optical modulation amplitude sensitivities of -14.4 dBm for error-free operation at 50 Gb/s and -18.6 under the KP4-FEC limit 56 using NRZ-OOK modulation. An in-depth analysis receiver sensitivity is carried out to understand impact dark current, identify pathways further improvements. The...

A quadrature VCO with /spl plusmn/50% continuous 0.83-2.5-GHz tuning range is presented. It based on a core LC-QVCO plusmn/20% range, single sideband mixer (SSBM), two frequency dividers and multiplexer. The circuit has been implemented in 0.13-/spl mu/m 1.2-V CMOS technology. additional area respect to the 100 mu/m/spl times/100 mu/m. Quadrature error less than 2/spl deg/; phase noise -120 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz over whole mainly due LC-QVCO. Spurs are more 34 dB below fundamental worst case.

This paper analyzes the flicker noise upconversion mechanisms in CMOS LC-VCOs, focusing on bias circuitry and core cross-coupled pair. In contrary to what is widely understood, a current-biased VCO does not necessarily have more upconverted compared resistor-biased VCO. Resistor biasing obviously generate 1/f itself, but it allows for transfer of transistors phase through AM-PM conversion Groszkowski effect. The high impedance tail current source improves because amplitude controlled by...

We present O-band Si ring modulators with up to 58pm/V electro-optic and 610pm/mW thermo-optic modulation efficiencies &gt;24GHz bandwidth, enabling a hybrid CMOS-SiPho transceiver error-free operation at 40Gbps NRZ &lt;4pJ/bit link energy.

A 40 nm CMOS digital-to-analog converter (DAC) based multimode transmitter (MMTX) is presented. The can be operated in either narrow- or wideband applications. It has a maximum 2.2 GHz signal bandwidth and exhibits an in-band IM3 of less than - 58 dBc. MMTX consists current-steering DAC with digital sinc equalization rolloff compensation. By implementing high-speed, feed-forward pipelined logic distributed decoder, the sampling rate extends to 5 GHz. regulator approach ensures preservation...

Wideband phase-modulated continuous wave radar offers attractive properties, but requires very high-speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). In order to keep power consumption of these ADCs acceptable, their resolution has be kept as low possible. We investigate which ADC is required for a typical 79 GHz person detection scenario. The analysis based on simulations performed with an end-to-end Matlab simulation chain, taking into account the waveform specifics, chip implementation,...

Abstract We propose a theoretical analysis of the class quadrature VCOs (QVCOs) based on two LC‐oscillators directly coupled by means second harmonic. The provides conditions for existence and stability steady‐state oscillations simplified model phase noise (PN) transfer function with respect to source in parallel tank. show that figure merit defined as product between PN current equals single VCO, confirming generation is achieved this QVCO without degrading merit. An analytical error due...

We assess the impact of non-linearity on binary phase-modulated continuous-wave (PMCW) radars. Binary sequences with excellent auto-correlation properties can be found for PMCW They feature very low range sidelobes, which is a mandatory requirement in realistic automotive scenarios to avoid strong targets masking weaker ones. It turns out that TX and RX chain degrade autocorrelation create sidelobe regrowth. The pattern regrowth specific each family sequence. provide detailed analytical...

Due to growing demand for higher data rates in wireless communication, high resolution requirement radars, and emerging sensing applications, mm-wave frequency bands have become very attractive recent years. Architectures circuits of transceivers are described comparison process technologies IC design is presented. Critical circuit blocks example implementations such as 60 GHz phased array, 28 front-end, 79 PMCW radar 145 FMCW discussed future trends identified.

A 56-66GHz FMCW radar transceiver achieves 17% fractional RF bandwidth with a dynamic tuning technique on matching networks that tracks the frequency chirp. novel tripler architecture is proposed uses harmonic combination to enhance efficiency and output power. The transmitter (TX) power of 8.1dBm receiver (RX) NF 12.8dB support detection range up 15m 20MHz IF bandwidth. Continuous consumption only 62mW, which can be heavily duty-cycled thanks 1μs start-up time.

The paper proposes a quadrature VCO based on two LC-oscillators directly coupled by means of second harmonic such that extra inductors or current are not required. A simple model is presented clarifying the following points: i) existence and stability steady state solutions, ii) phase noise transfer function, iii) deviation from ideal versus tank mismatches. design in CMOS 0.13 /spl mu/m technology, operating at 1.8GHz, 1.2V supply, with 4 mA total consumption. Simulation results exhibit...

Millimeter-Wave radar sensors perform accurate and robust remote motion detection with short latencies. Requirements are especially challenging for person [1]: a bandwidth higher than 1.5GHz is needed to achieve finer 10cm depth resolution. Wide field of view combined high angular resolution also needed, which at mm-Waves translate into large power-hungry antenna arrays. In classical FMCW radars [2-6], when requirements exceed 1GHz, eventually limited by the linearity frequency slope FM PLL.

We present a baseband pulse based transceiver for centimeter range wireless communication. It is implemented in 90 nm CMOS technology and uses 0.5 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> on board inductor as antenna to reduce cost minimize size. All the timing information extracted from incoming sequence by means of an on-chip Phase Locked Loop whose output used duty cycle receiver drive transmitter, obviating need quartz...

This work presents a robust, low area, spectral pure 65 nm VCO for mm-wave applications. The varactor, an inversion mode MOS, takes advantage of the minimum feature provided by technology to optimize capacitance tuning range and Q. inductor is 1 turn spiral. A combination digital analog chosen lower gain. Prototypes show following measured results: 11.5% frequency around 54 GHz, phase noise at 10 MHz -116 dBc/Hz -122 maximum in band, respectively. Power consumption 7.2 mW.

A wide frequency span reconfigurable MEMS-enabled LC-tank network for a multi-band RF oscillator is implemented, made of ohmic RF-MEMS switches, spiral suspended inductors and metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors all integrated on high resistivity silicon MEMS substrate. The connected to differential cross-coupled n-MOS pair separate CMOS substrate, by chip-on-chip integration wire bonding, leading the complete MEMS-CMOS prototype. are both tested on-wafer through RF-probing. Measurement...