A5013577051- Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants and animals
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Silicon Effects in Agriculture
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Heavy metals in environment
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Trace Elements in Health
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Phytase and its Applications
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Magnetic and Electromagnetic Effects
- Plant responses to water stress
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Magnesium in Health and Disease
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
Global Institute for Water Security
2016-2024
University of Saskatchewan
2016-2024
Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture & Health
2011-2023
United States Department of Agriculture
2008-2021
Cornell University
2008-2017
Kansas State University
2013
South China Agricultural University
2006-2013
Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute
2013
North Carolina State University
2013
Agricultural Research Service
2000-2011
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose that functions as compatible solute in the stabilization biological structures under abiotic stress bacteria, fungi, and invertebrates. With notable exception desiccation-tolerant “resurrection plants,” trehalose not thought to accumulate detectable levels most plants. We report here regulated overexpression Escherichia coli biosynthetic genes ( otsA otsB ) fusion gene for manipulating tolerance rice. The has advantages necessitating only...
An integrated molecular and physiological investigation of the fundamental mechanisms heavy metal accumulation was conducted in Thlaspi caerulescens , a Zn/Cd-hyperaccumulating plant species. A transporter cDNA, ZNT1 cloned from T. through functional complementation yeast shown to mediate high-affinity Zn 2+ uptake as well low-affinity Cd uptake. It found that this is expressed at very high levels roots shoots hyperaccumulator. study expression related nonaccumulator, arvense showed...
We report the isolation of a cDNA (KAT1) from Arabidopsis thaliana that encodes probable K+ channel. KAT1 was cloned by its ability to suppress transport-defective phenotype in mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. This suppression is sensitive known channel blockers, including tetraethylammonium and Ba2+ ions. The contains an open reading frame capable encoding 78-kDa protein shares structural features found Shaker superfamily channels. These include cluster six putative membrane-spanning...
The primary symptom of aluminium (Al) toxicity in higher plants is inhibition root growth. In this study, we investigated the spatial sensitivity maize (Zea mays L.) roots to Al. A divided-chamber technique indicated that only exposure terminal 10 15 mm Al resulted Application all but apical region had little or no effect on growth for 24 h and caused minimal damage tissue. Small agar blocks infused with were then applied discrete areas apex determine which section (root cap, meristem...
The toxicity of Zn and Cu in three species from the genus Brassica was examined to determine if these plants showed sufficient tolerance metal accumulation be used phytoremediate a site contaminated with two heavy metals. Hydroponically grown 12-d-old juncea, B. rapa, napus were for an additional 14 d presence either elevated (6.5 mg L{sup {minus}1}), (0.32 or Zn+Cu quantify toxic effects metals on several different growth parameters. With few exceptions, both root shoot dry weight all...
Aluminum (Al) tolerance in Arabidopsis is a genetically complex trait, yet it mediated by single physiological mechanism based on Al-activated root malate efflux. We investigated possible molecular determinant for Al involving homolog of the wheat transporter, ALMT1 . This gene, named AtALMT1 (At1g08430), was best candidate from 14-member AtALMT family to be involved with expression patterns and genomic location. Physiological analysis transferred DNA knockout mutant as well...
Abstract Despite recent progress in our understanding of carotenogenesis plants, the mechanisms that govern overall carotenoid accumulation remain largely unknown. The Orange (Or) gene mutation cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var botrytis) confers high levels β-carotene various tissues normally devoid carotenoids. Using positional cloning, we isolated representing Or and verified it by functional complementation wild-type cauliflower. encodes a plastid-associated protein containing DnaJ...
Aluminum-activated root malate and citrate exudation play an important role in plant Al tolerance. This paper characterizes AtMATE, a homolog of the recently discovered sorghum barley Al-tolerance genes, shown here to encode Al-activated transporter Arabidopsis. Together with previously characterized transporter, AtALMT1, this discovery allowed us examine relationship same species between members two gene families for which genes have been identified. AtMATE is expressed primarily roots...
Abstract To identify populations with the ability to accumulate heavy metals, approximately 300 accessions pertaining 30 plant species were grown for 4 wk in a hydroponic media that approximated nutrient and metal composition of soil contaminated moderate levels cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn). The results indicated several Brassica spp. exhibited moderately enhanced Zn Cd accumulation. Selected juncea (L.) Czern, B. napus L., rapa L. then pots metal‐contaminated compare phytoextraction...
Abstract A novel imaging and software platform was developed for the high-throughput phenotyping of three-dimensional root traits during seedling development. To demonstrate platform’s capacity, plants two rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes, Azucena IR64, were grown in a transparent gellan gum system imaged daily 10 d. Rotational image sequences consisting 40 two-dimensional images captured using an optically corrected digital system. Three-dimensional reconstructions generated analyzed...
A better understanding of the role Arabidopsis ZIP family micronutrient transporters is necessary in order to advance our plant Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu homeostasis. In current study, 11 members not yet well characterized were first screened for their ability complement four yeast mutants defective or uptake. Six genes complemented a Zn uptake-deficient mutant, one was able partially Fe six an Mn none mutant. AtZIP1 AtZIP2 then chosen further as preliminary planta analysis suggested they both may...
High Cd content in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) grain grown the United States and Canada presents potential health economic problems for consumers growers. In an effort to understand biological processes that result excess accumulation, root uptake xylem translocation shoots seedlings of bread aestivum L.) cultivars were studied. Whole-plant accumulation was somewhat greater cultivar, but this probably because increased apoplastic binding. Concentration-dependent...
Abstract Plant accumulation of Fe and other metals can be enhanced under deficiency. We investigated the influence status on heavy-metal divalent-cation uptake in roots pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Sparkle) seedlings using Cd2+ as a model system. Radiotracer techniques were used to quantify unidirectional 109Cd influx into Fe-deficient Fe-sufficient seedlings. The concentration-dependent kinetics for graphically complex nonsaturating but could resolved linear component saturable exhibiting...
Transmembrane electrical potential differences (Deltapsi) of epidermal and cortical cells were measured in intact roots barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Klondike). The effects exogenous NO(3) (-) on Deltapsi (in the concentration range from 100 micromolar to 20 millimolar) investigated probe mechanisms nitrate uptake by high-affinity (HATS) low-affinity (LATS) transport systems for uptake. Both caused depolarization Deltapsi, demonstrating that LATS (like HATS) is probably mediated an...
Radiotracer techniques were employed to characterize 65Zn2+ influx into the root symplasm and translocation shoot in Thlaspi caerulescens, a Zn hyperaccumulator, arvense, nonaccumulator. A protocol was developed that allowed us quantify unidirectional across root-cell plasma membrane (20 min of radioactive uptake followed by 15 desorption 100 [mu]M ZnCl2 + 5 mM CaCl2 solution). Concentration-dependent Zn2+ both species yielded nonsaturating kinetic curves could be resolved linear saturable...
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a primary limitation to crop productivity on acid soils, and rice has been demonstrated be significantly more Al tolerant than other cereal crops. However, the mechanisms of tolerance are largely unknown, no genes underlying natural variation have reported. We screened 383 diverse accessions, conducted genome-wide association (GWA) study, QTL mapping in two bi-parental populations using three estimates based root growth. Subpopulation structure explained 57%...