The LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (LEC2) transcription factor with a plant-specific B3 domain plays central role in zygotic and somatic embryogenesis (SE). LEC2 overexpression induced planta leads to spontaneous embryo formation, but impairs the embryogenic response of explants cultured vitro under auxin treatment. auxin-related functions appear during SE induction, aim present study was gain further insights into this phenomenon. To end, effect on morphogenic responses Arabidopsis different treatments...

Molecular mechanisms controlling plant totipotency are largely unknown and studies on somatic embryogenesis (SE), the process through which already differentiated cells reverse their developmental program become embryogenic, provide a unique means for deciphering molecular plasticity of cells. Among various factors essential embryogenic transition transcription (TFs), crucial regulators genetic programs, believed to play central role. Herein, we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain...

The ERF022 gene was found to affect embryogenic transition in somatic cells Arabidopsis via the ethylene-related pathway. study provides evidence that - LEC2 interaction is involved auxin–ethylene crosstalk operates embryogenesis induction. of ERF family previously identified among transcription factor genes were differentially expressed an culture Arabidopsis. A strong inhibition be associated with induction (SE) and erf022 mutant indicated display a substantially impaired capacity for SE....

Several genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) were indicated to have a key role in the induction of somatic embryogenesis (SE), which is triggered cells plants. In order further explore genetic regulatory network that involved embryogenic transition induced plant cells, micro-RNA (miRNAs) molecules, products MIRNA (MIR) and common regulators TF transcripts, analysed an culture Arabidopsis thaliana. total, expression 190 114 families was monitored during SE levels primary (pri-miRNAs)...

In plants, the embryogenic transition of somatic cells requires reprogramming cell transcriptome, which is under control genetic and epigenetic factors. Correspondingly, extensive modulation genes encoding transcription factors miRNAs has been indicated as controlling induction embryogenesis in Arabidopsis other plants. Among

Curcumin is a biologically active compound of vegetable origin which has hormetic effect. Pro-health and anti-aging properties curcumin have been known for years. The main benefit thought to be its anti-oxidative action. Despite vast amount data confirming age-delaying activity in various groups organisms, so far little discovered about curcumin's impact on cell aging the experimental model Saccharomyces cerevisiae budding yeast. We able demonstrate that significantly increases oxidative...

Somatic embryogenesis (SE), which is a process that involves the in vitro-induced embryogenic reprogramming of plant somatic cells, requires dynamic changes cell transcriptome. These are fine-tuned by many genetic and epigenetic factors, including posttranslational histone modifications such as acetylation. Antagonistically acting enzymes, acetyltransferases (HATs) deacetylases (HDACs), control acetylation developmental processes, believed to SE. However, function specific HAT/HDACs genes...

How single cells in a mitotic tissue progressively acquire hallmarks of cancer is poorly understood. We exploited recombination developing Drosophila imaginal tissues to analyze the behavior devoid tumor suppressor PTEN, negative regulator PI3K signaling, under varying nutritional conditions. Cells lacking PTEN strongly overproliferated specifically nutrient restricted larvae. Although mutant were sensitive starvation, they successfully competed with neighboring by autonomous and...

The auxin-induced embryogenic reprogramming of plant somatic cells is associated with extensive modulation the gene expression in which epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, seem to play a crucial role. However, function role auxin regulation SE-controlling genes, remains poorly understood. Hence, present study, we analysed and methylation TF genes that critical regulatory during SE induction (LEC1, LEC2, BBM, WUS AGL15) auxin-treated explants Arabidopsis. results showed...

Abstract Background Proper flower development is essential for plant reproduction, a crucial aspect of the life cycle. This process involves precisely coordinating transcription factors, enzymes, and epigenetic modifications. DNA methylation, ubiquitous heritable mechanism, pivotal in regulating gene expression shaping chromatin structure. Fagopyrum esculentum demonstrates anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, hepato-protective, neuroprotective properties....

Morphological and histological observations revealed that, at a concentration of 50 µM, 5-azacitidine (5-azaC) totally inhibited the induction embryogenic masses (EM), while cultivation explants (zygotic embryos; ZEs) in presence 5 µM 5-azaC led to formation callus with EM 10% cases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyzes morphological ultrastructural features that are typical for vacuolar type cell death cells were treated. A TUNEL assay confirmed DNA double-strand breaks had been...

Abstract Background Somatic embryogenesis (SE) exemplifies the unique developmental plasticity of plant cells. The regulatory processes, including epigenetic modifications controlling embryogenic reprogramming cell transcriptome, have just started to be revealed. Results To identify genes histone acetylation-regulated expression in SE, we analyzed global transcriptomes Arabidopsis explants undergoing induction response treatment with deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA). TSA-induced...

The embryogenic transition of plant somatic cells to produce embryos requires extensive reprogramming the cell transcriptome. prominent role transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs in controlling embryogenesis (SE) induction plants was documented. profiling MIRNA expression culture Arabidopsis implied contribution miR156 miR169 induction. In present study, function candidate targets, SPL NF-YA genes, were investigated SE. results showed that misexpression MIRNA156 target genes (SPL2, 3, 4, 5,...

The embryogenic transition of somatic cells requires an extensive reprogramming the cell transcriptome. Relevantly, modulation genes that have a regulatory function, in particular encoding transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs, been indicated as controlling embryogenesis (SE) is induced vitro plants. Identifying relationships between TFs miRNAs during SE induction central importance for understanding complex interplay fine-tunes transcriptome transition. Hence, here, we analysed AGL15...

Abstract Genotype-limited plant regeneration is one of the main obstacles to broader use genetic transformation in barley breeding. Thus, developing new approaches that might improve responses vitro recalcitrant genotypes remains at center biotechnology. Here, we analyzed different genotypes, including “Golden Promise,” a genotype commonly used transformation, and four malting cultivars poor regenerative potential. The expression hormone-related transcription factor (TF) genes with...

TORC1, a central regulator of cell survival, growth, and metabolism, is activated in variety cancers. Loss the tumor suppressors PTEN Tsc1/2 results hyperactivation TORC1. Tumors caused by loss PTEN, but not Tsc1/2, are often malignant have been shown to be insensitive nutrient restriction (NR). In Drosophila, or Tsc1 hypertrophic overgrowth epithelial tissues under normal nutritional conditions, an enhanced TORC1-dependent hyperplastic mutant tissue NR. Here we demonstrate that cells...

In Arabidopsis, immature zygotic embryos (IZEs) at the late cotyledon stage provide only explants that can be used to induce in vitro somatic embryogenesis (SE) with high efficiency. The most conspicuous characteristic of SE-competent IZEs is accumulation seed storage reserves (SSR), as proteins and lipids. order elucidate an assumed role these compounds mechanisms involved tissue capacity for SE, genes encoding main protein, cruciferin (CRUCIFERIN1, CRA1) lipid body-related protein oleosin...

Effective regeneration of callus tissue into embryos and then whole plants is essential for plant biotechnology. The embryonic potential often low can further decrease with time in culture, which limits the utilisation calli transformation procedures vitro propagation. In this study, we show that loss embryogenic cultures Brachypodium distachyon progressive over time. Flow cytometry analyses indicated endoploidy levels increased 60- 90-day-old effective 2C DNA content peak latter. Analysis...

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) in Arabidopsis was induced using various systems, including auxin treatment of vitro cultured explants (immature zygotic embryos, IZEs) and transgenic plants overexpressing embryogenesis-related transcription factors, e.g. LEC2 together with the GUS reporter gene under control auxin-induced DR5 promoter. The study indicated that SE-systems used gave different embryogenic capacities for production true embryos. highest ratio embryos (75 %) found among embryo-like...