Genetic and environmental factors affect bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) plant architecture, which determines grain yield. In this study, we demonstrate that miR156 controls architecture. We show overexpression of tae-miR156 in cultivar Kenong199 leads to increased tiller number severe defects spikelet formation, probably due the tae-miR156-mediated repression a group SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) genes. Furthermore, found expression two genes TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TaTB1) BARREN...

The Ang II (Angiotensin II)-Angiotensin-(1-7) axis of the Renin Angiotensin System encompasses 3 enzymes that form Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] directly from II: ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2), PRCP (prolylcarboxypeptidase), and POP (prolyloligopeptidase). We investigated their relative contribution to Ang-(1-7) formation in vivo also ex serum, lungs, kidneys using models genetic ablation coupled with pharmacological inhibitors. In wild-type (WT) mice, infusion resulted a rapid...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the world's most important oil crops. However, it susceptible to abiotic stresses in general, and waterlogging drought particular. The molecular mechanisms stress tolerance sesame have not yet been elucidated. WRKY domain transcription factors play significant roles plant growth, development, responses stresses. little known about number, location, structure, phylogenetics, expression genes sesame. We performed a comprehensive study gene family...

The transcription factor CONSTANS (CO) is a central component that promotes Arabidopsis flowering under long-day conditions (LDs). Here, we show the microRNA319-regulated TEOSINTE BRANCHED/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) factors promote photoperiodic through binding to CO promoter and activating its transcription. Meanwhile, these TCPs directly interact with activators FLOWERING BHLH (FBHs), but not repressors CYCLING DOF FACTORs (CDFs), additively activate expression. Furthermore, both FBHs physically...

Abstract Photoreceptor phytochrome B (phyB) mediates a variety of light responses in plants. To further elucidate the molecular mechanisms phyB‐regulated hypocotyl elongation, we performed firefly luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) screening for phyB‐interacting transcription factors (TFs). LCI assays showed that phyB possibly interacts with brassinazoleresistant 1 (BZR1), BZR2, AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 6 (ARF6), and several WRKY DNA‐binding TFs red light‐dependent manner. Furthermore,...

Abstract Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici , is a major limitation for wheat yield. However, molecular mechanisms underlying resistance against powdery mildew remain largely unclear. In this study, we report role of JASMONATE-ZIM domain protein TaJAZ1 in regulating bread mildew. We generated transgenic lines over-expressing truncated without Jas motif, which showed increased TaPR1/2 gene expression and reactive oxygen species...

Development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain mainly depends on the processes starch synthesis and storage protein accumulation, which are critical for yield quality. However, regulatory network underlying transcriptional physiological changes development is still not clear. Here, we combined ATAC-seq RNA-seq to discover chromatin accessibility gene expression dynamics during these processes. We found that tightly associated with differential transcriptomic expressions, proportion distal...

The homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-ZIP) family transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and development. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here we found that ATHB2, encoding a HD-ZIP factor, is an early auxin responsive gene. Phenotypic analyses show overexpression of ATHB2 impairs architecture, including reduced height small leaves, also reduces response leaves when grown soil. Simultaneously, seedlings with chemical induction exhibit abnormal root...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) has high oil content, a small diploid genome and short growth period, making it an attractive species for genetic studies on oilseed crops. With the advancement of next-generation sequencing technology, genomics functional research sesame developed quickly in last few years, large amounts data have been generated. However, these results are distributed many different publications, there is lack integration. To promote sesame, we collected information combined with...

Plant height is among the most important agronomic traits that influence crop yield. However, in addition to Rht-1 alleles, molecular basis of plant bread wheat remains largely unclear. Based on gene expression profiling analysis, we identify a light-regulated from wheat, designated as TaCOLD1, whose encoding protein homologous cold sensor COLD1 rice. We show TaCOLD1 localized endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane. Phenotypic analyses overexpression mutated form (M187K) cultivar...

The domestication gene Q is largely responsible for the widespread cultivation of wheat because it confers multiple traits. However, underlying molecular mechanisms how regulates these traits remain unclear. In this study, we identify a Q-interacting protein TaLAX1, basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, through yeast two-hybrid assays. Using biochemical and genetic approaches, explore roles TaLAX1 in regulating Overexpression produces phenotypes, reminiscent q allele; loss-of-function...

Maize grain yield is drastically reduced by heat stress (HTS) during anthesis and early filling. However, the mechanism of HTS in reproductive organs kernel numbers remains poorly understood. From 2018 to 2020, two maize varieties (ND372, tolerant; XY335, sensitive) temperature regimens (HTS, stress; CK, natural control) were evaluated, resulting four treatments (372CK, 372HTS, 335CK, 335HTS). was applied from nine-leaf stage (V9) stage. Various morphological traits physiological activities...

Abstract Background Winter wheat undergoes vernalization, a process activated by prolonged exposure to low temperatures. During this phase, flowering signals are generated and transported the apical meristems, stimulating transition inflorescence meristem while inhibiting tiller bud elongation. Although some vernalization genes have been identified, key cis -regulatory elements precise mechanisms governing in remain largely unknown. Results In study, we construct extensive epigenomic...

Size is the most important quality attribute of giant pumpkin fruit. Different concentrations and application frequencies α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) were sprayed on leaves fruits at different growth stages to determine their effects mechanism responsible for fruit size increase. NAA+EBR improved source strength, further analysis indicated that markedly boosted net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration (Tr) expression level activity...

WD40 proteins, a super gene family in eukaryotes, are involved multiple biological processes. Members of this have been identified several plants and shown to play key roles various development processes, including acting as scaffolding molecules with other proteins. However, proteins not yet systematically analyzed Cucurbita maxima. In study, 231 (CmWD40s) were C. maxima classified into five clusters. Eleven subfamilies based on different conserved motifs structures. The CmWD40 genes...

Atlantic Giant (AG) pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) produces the world's largest fruit. Elucidating molecular mechanism of AG fruit formation is scientific and practical importance. In this research, genome-wide resequencing an F2 population produced by a cross between its small-fruit ancestor Hubbard was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) candidate genes. Transgressive segregation size-related traits observed in population, suggesting that size controlled multiple A genetic map with...

Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a globally important wheat disease causing severe yield losses, and deployment of resistant varieties preferred choice for managing this disease. Chinese landrace Datoumai was to 22 23 Bgt isolates at seedling stage. Genetic analysis based on inoculation isolate E09 F 1 , 2 2:3 populations derived from cross × Huixianhong revealed that powdery mildew resistance controlled single dominant gene,...

Water deficit and rehydration frequently occur during wheat cultivation. Previous investigations focused on the water many drought-responsive genes have been identified in winter wheat. However, hormone-related metabolic responses de-peroxidative activities associated with are largely unknown. In this study, leaves of two cultivars, "Hengguan35" (HG, drought-tolerant cultivar) "Shinong086" (SN, drought-sensitive cultivar), were used to investigate post-rehydration process. Rehydration...

Brassinosteroids play an essential role in promoting skotomorphogenesis, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here we report that a plant-specific BLISTER (BLI) protein functions as positive regulator of both BR signaling and skotomorphogenesis Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We found glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3)-like BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 interacts with phosphorylates BLI at 4 phosphorylation sites (Ser70, Ser146, Thr256, Ser267) for degradation; turn, inhibits...