After penetrating the host cell, herpesvirus capsid is transported to nucleus along microtubule network and docks nuclear pore complex before releasing viral DNA into nucleus. The cellular interactions involved in docking process are poorly characterized. However, minor protein pUL25 has recently been reported be uncoating. Here we show that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) capsids interact with nucleoporin CAN/Nup214 infected cells RNA silencing of delays onset replication We also...

Human APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases target and edit single-stranded DNA, which can be of viral, mitochondrial, or nuclear origin. Retrovirus genomes, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genomes deficient in the vif gene hepatitis B genome, are particularly vulnerable. The some DNA viruses, papillomaviruses, edited vivo transfection experiments. Accordingly, herpesviruses should no exception. This is indeed case for herpes simplex 1 (HSV-1) tissue culture, where APOBEC3C (A3C)...

ABSTRACT Studies with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) have shown that secondary envelopment and release are blocked in mutants deleted for the tegument protein gene UL36 or UL37, leading to accumulation of DNA-containing capsids cytoplasm infected cells. The failure assemble infectious virions has meant roles these genes initial stages infection could not be investigated. To circumvent this, cells at a low multiplicity were fused form syncytia, thereby allowing released from nuclei...

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic that travels long distances through cells using the microtubule network. Its 125-nm-diameter capsid large cargo which efficiently recruits molecular motors for movement. Upon entry, capsids reach centrosome by minus-end-directed transport. From there, they are believed to nucleus plus-end-directed Plus-end-directed transport also important during egress, when leave site of envelopment in cytoplasm. Although interactions with dynein and kinesins...

During infection by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), the viral capsid is transported around cytoplasm along microtubule (MT) network. Although molecular motors have been implicated in this process, composition of machinery required for efficient directional transport unknown. We previously showed that dystonin (BPAG1) recruited to HSV-1 capsids capsid-bound tegument protein pUL37 promote cytoplasmic during egress. Dystonin a cytoskeleton cross-linker which localizes at MT plus ends and has...

The gallid alphaherpesvirus 3 (GaAHV3) SB-1, a Mardivirus used as vaccine against Marek’s disease, has been proposed an interesting viral vector for poultry vaccination. However, SB-1 is highly transmissible between chickens, feature that may be limitation the use of live recombinant vaccines. We have previously shown UL47 essential horizontal transmission pathogenic disease virus but it completely dispensable replication and pathogenesis. In contrast, role in biology remains unknown. To...

Secondary envelopment of herpes simplex virus type 1 has been demonstrated as taking place at the trans-Golgi network (TGN). The inner tegument proteins pUL36 and pUL37 envelope glycoproteins gD gE are known to be important for secondary envelopment. We compared cellular localizations capsids from a mutant lacking UL37 gene with those genes encoding gE. Although wild-type accumulated TGN, pUL37(-) were distributed throughout cytoplasm showed no association TGN-derived vesicles. This was in...

ABSTRACT Efficient intracellular transport of the capsid alphaherpesviruses, such as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), is known to be dependent upon microtubule (MT) network. Typically, MT network radiates from an MT-organizing center (MTOC), which is, in most cases, centrosome. During herpesvirus egress, it has been assumed that capsids travel first nucleus centrosome and then site envelopment. Here we report no longer a primary MTOC HSV-1-infected cells, but retains this function cells...

The processes of cell attachment and membrane fusion Herpes Simplex Virus 1 involve many different envelope glycoproteins. Viral proteins gC gD bind to cellular receptors. Upon binding, activates the gH/gL complex which in turn gB trigger fusion. Thus, these must be located at point contact between viral envelopes interact allow Using super-resolution microscopy, we show that gB, most are distributed evenly round purified virions. In contrast, localizes essentially as clusters distinct from...

The tegument of all herpesviruses contains a capsid-bound large protein that is essential for multiple viral processes, including capsid transport, decapsidation at the nuclear pore complex, particle assembly, and secondary envelopment, through mechanisms are still incompletely understood. We report here structural characterization central 970 residues this herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1 UL36, 3164 residues). This fragment essentially 34-nm-long monomeric fiber. crystal structure its C...

Host-to-host transmission of viruses is ideally studied in vivo the natural host. Veterinary such as Marek’s disease virus (MDV) are, therefore, models choice to explore these aspects. The host MDV, chicken, small, inexpensive, and economically important. MDV a deadly contagious herpesvirus that can kill infected animals less than 4 weeks. naturally infects epithelial cells feather follicle epithelium from where it shed into environment. In this study, we demonstrate viral protein pUL47 an...

In vivo bioluminescence imaging facilitates the non-invasive visualization of biological processes in living animals. This system has been used to track virus infections mostly mice and ferrets; however, until now this approach not applied pathogens avian species. To visualize infection an important pathogen, we generated Marek’s disease (MDV) recombinants expressing firefly luciferase during lytic replication. Upon characterization recombinant viruses vitro , chickens were infected...

Viruses usually spread from cell to through two mechanisms: cell-released virus and/or cell-to-cell (CCS). The molecular determinants of CCS and their importance in the biology viruses during infection natural host are unclear.

<p>Measurements of cardiac function such as left ventricular ejection fraction and myocardial strain are typically based on 2D ultrasound imaging. The reliability these measurements strongly depends the correct pose transducer that imaging plane properly aligns with heart for standard measurement views, is thus dependent operator's skills. In this work, we propose a deep learning-based tool provides real-time feedback how to move obtain required views. We believe method can aid...

Purpose Conventional treatments of infections by Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) do not reduce the burden latent and resulting risk viral reactivation. Specific endonucleases (such as meganucleases) could be a tool to relapsing herpetic keratitis in pre-treated tissues. Methods Three weeks after subconjunctival inoculation rAAV (recombinant adenovirus-associated vector) encoding either meganuclease targeting HSV1 genome or Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) negative control, mice were...

Intracellular trafficking of viruses is a vital part the viral life cycle because density cytosol and important distances between organelles necessary for replication. Viral transport active, regulated requires host machinery. Transport issues are particularly neurotropic alpha-herpesviruses whose large capsids travel through in highly specialized cells such as neurons or epithelial cells. In this review, I will summarize knowledge accumulated last 15 years on intracellular these viruses....

Auteur(s) : A Roberts, FJ Rixon, D Pasdeloup MRC Virology Unit, Church Street, Glasgow G11 5JR, Ecosse Les Herpesvirus sont des virus enveloppes a ADN de grande taille la composition complexe. Ainsi, particule virale est composee trois structures majeures [1] : capside contenant le genome, membrane les glycoproteines d’enveloppe et, entre et membrane, tegument, une couche proteines amorphe dont structure fonction restent floues. La [...]