This paper demonstrates a flexible optical waveguide film with integrated optoelectronic devices (vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and p-i-n photodiode arrays) for fully embedded board-level interconnects. The circuit 45/spl deg/ micromirror couplers was fabricated on thin polymeric substrate by soft molding. were cutting the microtome blade. core material SU-8 photoresist, cladding cycloolefin copolymer. A VCSEL array directly film. Measured propagation loss of 0.6 dB/cm at 850 nm.

This paper discusses concurrent design and analysis of the first 8.5 kV electrostatic discharge (ESD) protected single-pole ten-throw (SP10T) transmit/receive (T/R) switch for quad-band (0.85/0.9/1.8/1.9 GHz) GSM multiple-band WCDMA smartphones. Implemented in a 0.18 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu$</tex> </formula> m SOI CMOS, this SP10T employs series-shunt topology...

The ever-increasing demand for data centers and high-performance computing systems necessitate power-efficient, low-latency, high-density interconnect design. This article reviews analyzes recent design challenges advances of optical transceiver, phase-locked loop (PLL), clock recovery (CDR) center applications with a distance 100 m. At the transmitter side, non-idealities widely used vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) are described, followed by on existing compensation...

This paper presents the latest progress toward fully embedded board-level optical interconnects in aspect of waveguide fabrication and device integration. A one-step pattern transfer method is used to form a large cross-section multimode array with 45deg micromirrors by silicon hard molding method. Optimized novel spin-coating surface smoothing for master mold, propagation loss reduced 0.09 dB/cm. The coupling efficiency metal-coated reflecting mirror, which thin-film waveguide, simulated an...

This paper presents an energy-efficient visible light communication (VLC) receiver system-on-a-chip (SoC) that employs ambient rejection (ALR) and post-equalization techniques for emerging fidelity (Li-Fi) applications using ordinary phosphorescent white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). A current-reuse transimpedance amplifier is proposed applications. An ALR unit implemented to eliminate the potential DC interference under strong light. two-stage continuous-time linear equalizer utilized...

Visible light communication (VLC) technology employing light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as sources has the advantages of using license-free spectrum, being power and cost-efficient having high security. However, common LED devices have limitations narrow bandwidths, nonlinear optical frequency responses over different bias current levels, which cause inter-symbol interference signal distortion, especially under order modulation schemes with large swings. In view this, a compact PAM-4 VLC...

A combinatorial etching technique is developed to fabricate integrated narrow bandpass filters on a single substrate. It highly efficient for fabrication of filter arrays in optical regions. monolithic array has been fabricated by using the with two-step deposition process. The contains 32 elements near-infrared region. relative full width at half-maximum (FWHM) deltalambda/lambda less than 0.2%. Such can be utilized many applications.

Concerning the problems of topologies in current patents, improvements to structure solid-state circuit breakers are made enhance reliability and broaden field application reduce manufacturing costs. A novel breaker topology is proposed this paper, which improved by using current-commutation hybrid for reference. By making use soft-switching forced resonance, new can not only successfully realize soft turn-on fast turn-off but also be applied situation higher voltage level. The presented...

This article presents a four-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM4) quarter-rate clock and data recovery circuit (CDR). A linear phase detector (QLPD) is proposed to reduce the recovered jitter by removing dithering of bang-bang PD. self-biased phase-locked loop (PLL)-based multiphase generator (MCG) with very wide bandwidth (around 600 MHz) MCG power consumption generate low-jitter for operation. Fabricated in 40-nm CMOS process, prototype achieves bit efficiency 0.46 pJ/bit at 32-Gb/s...

Medical imaging technologies have revolutionized the field of medicine, providing unprecedented insights into human body that are essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. This comprehensive review explores latest advancements in medical technologies, including digital X-ray imaging, magnetic resonance (MRI), computed tomography (CT), ultrasound their impact on clinical practices. Key technological innovations such as artificial intelligence, machine learning,...

Arc fault is of great destructiveness and can threaten the safety electrical system. It necessary to understand behaviors special characteristics arc develop devices that detect faults. In this paper, DC data are obtained via arcing tests according SAE AS5692 AS6019. The average value, standard deviation in time domain, spectrum frequency domain normal or current analyzed by statistics. results show difference between current. relationship characters with resistive load supply voltage also...

This paper proposes a method to improve the non-linearity of differential RF signals, noise figure and conversion gain in existing micromixer through inserting transistor that is connected diode form mirrored branch. These improvements are demonstrated by three micromixers designed at different frequency bands. A 77 GHz 0.25 mum SiGe:C BiCMOS technology using proposed fabricated measured. Additionally, current injection technique applied circuit increase reduce power consumption. 13.4 dB...

This article presents a leakage cancellation architecture for single-antenna frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radars at W-band. A shared antenna transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) can substantially reduce the form factor, cost, complexity of radar modules. Due to simultaneous operation TX RX in FMCW radars, employing will, however, significantly increase TX-to-RX leakage, resulting saturation desensitization. Our proposed scheme employs analog feedback confine right input port,...

Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems can potentially provide simultaneous and data for Internet-of-Things devices, such as smart speakers, glasses, watches. However, due to the high quality factor of coils, intrinsically narrow WPT channel bandwidth severely limits transmission capability system, especially downloading links requiring higher rates. In addition, varies with distances, which is also undesirable wireless communication. this study, features a two-coil series-series matching...

This paper reports the first fully integrated transmitter designed in an 180nm BCD process for light-emitting diode (LED) based visible light communication (VLC) and positioning (VLP) systems. The consists of Manchester coder, precision voltage current reference, multistage Cherry-Hooper amplifier, PLL, filter LED driver. A feed-forward equalizer is used to boost bandwidth high data rate wireless streaming. Measurement shows that, driving commercial lighting devices, can stream over at a...

We demonstrated a 51 cm long waveguide array on poly(methyl methacrylate) sheet fabricated by silicon hard-molding technology. To reduce the sidewall roughness, wet-oxidation followed buffered oxidation etchant etching process is adopted, achieving surface roughness of 1.2 nm. The obtained total insertion loss -15.1 dB and an adjacent channel cross talk below -31 dB. 3 optical bandwidth determined to be 150 GHz autocorrelation method.

Emcore's 850 nm Ultralase^TM VCSELs, operating at a data rate from 1 Gb/s to 25 Gb/s, is presented. They were based on our low-cost and hermetic-by-design chip platform which contains the same element for either singlets or arrays with 250 &mu;m pitch. First, we discuss high-speed VCSEL evolutions, device designs, manufacturing processes, characteristics. Secondly, present performance of TOSAs, 40 parallel optic modules (S12), 120 CXP modules, active connect cables (40 QDR 56 FDR),...

This paper reports the design and implementation of a 77 GHz low noise amplifier (LNA) down-conversion mixer for automotive radar application. The single-ended three-stage LNA adopts cascode topology. measurement shows 20.9 dB gain from 66 to 78 with 1 ripple consuming 90 mW at 3.5 V. 3 bandwidth is covered between 64 79 GHz. To authors' knowledge, this first reported in SiGe technology. an improved micromixer topology 13.4 18.4 NF measurement. operates highest frequency compared other micromixers

This article presents a low-power 1/4-rate four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) receiver with an adaptive variable-gain rectifier (AVGR)-based decoder in 28-nm CMOS technology. The PAM4 input signal is preconditioned by continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) then sampled into four branches of decoders clocks. proposed AVGR-based PAM4-to-nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) performs gain adaptation and rectification simultaneously for decoding the least significant bit (LSB). sense amplifier AVGR...

In May of 2012, Emcore’s VCSEL FAB and based transceiver business joined Sumitomo Electric Device Innovations USA (SEDU). After this change ownership, our high speed development effort continues. paper, we will report the progress made in past year 25Gbps to 28Gbps VCSEL. This next generation device is targeted for EDR, 32GFC as well other optical interconnect applications.

The authors have proposed and experimentally demonstrated all-optical logic gates using a single SOA delay interference filtering that enable simultaneous functions of OR NOR at 40 Gbits/s. scheme, which utilizes the combinative profile interferometer an optical bandpass filter, has great merits for use in generating outputs with high quality terms pulse shape, extinction ratio, eye diagram. Reconfiguration between two is achieved by adjusting tunable filter interferometer.

Modern aircraft with high-capacity air variable frequency AC system ask for a well-considered design of the main feeder, and on basis research skin effect proximity its impedance can optimization possible. The comparative study typical feeder configuration at different level is given, in which influence conductor material gauge, spacing, ground plane elevation phase sequence are discussed. A series suggestions obtained, thereby ensuring high quality power supply.