A5088294722- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- stochastic dynamics and bifurcation
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Berberine and alkaloids research
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
University of California, San Francisco
2015-2024
Coleman University
2016-2024
Memorial
2018-2022
Integra (United States)
2016-2019
Bioscience Research
2018
University of California, Santa Barbara
2017
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
2010-2015
Yale University
2003-2007
Centre de Gestion Scientifique
2003
California Institute of Technology
1998-1999
The recurrent excitatory and inhibitory connections between within layers of the cerebral cortex are fundamental to operation local cortical circuits. Models function often assume that excitation inhibition balanced, we recently demonstrated spontaneous network activity in vitro contains a precise balance inhibition; however, existence intact spontaneously active has not been directly tested. We examined this hypothesis prefrontal vivo , during slow (<1 Hz) oscillation...
The brain contains an astonishing diversity of neurons, each expressing only one set ion channels out the billions potential channel combinations. Simple organizing principles are required for us to make sense this abundance possibilities and wealth related data. We suggest that energy minimization subject functional constraints may be such unifying principle. compared needed produce action potentials singly in trains a wide range densities kinetic parameters examined which combinations...
In recent years, the field of neuroscience has gone through rapid experimental advances and a significant increase in use quantitative computational methods. This growth created need for clearer analyses theory modeling approaches used field. issue is particularly complex because studies phenomena that cross wide range scales often require consideration at varying degrees abstraction, from precise biophysical interactions to computations they implement. We argue pragmatic perspective...
Ongoing synaptic activity, ever present in cortical neurons, may vary widely its amplitude and characteristics, potentially having a strong influence on neuronal processing. Intracellular recordings layer 5 pyramidal cells prefrontal visual slices maintained vitro revealed spontaneous periods of bombardment. Testing the responsiveness these to inputs or injection artificial excitatory postsynaptic conductances various amplitudes that background activity dramatically increased probability...
Local cortical networks in the prefrontal cortex and visual are capable of spontaneously generating sustained activity for periods seconds or longer. This is generated through recurrent excitation between pyramidal cells that controlled by feedback inhibition can have both a rapid onset offset. The period associated with marked increase neuronal responsiveness to intracellular injection current pulses, especially those smaller amplitude. Independently mimicking depolarization, membrane...
The responsiveness of cortical neurons is strongly and rapidly influenced by changes in the level local network activity. In rodent somatosensory cortex, increases activity increase neuronal to intracellular injection brief conductance stimuli but paradoxically decrease whisker deflections. However, stimulation frequently evokes long-lasting circuit ability successfully evoke prolonged associated with both an amount evoked a stimulus action potential stimulation. addition, presented during...
Bidirectional manipulations – activation and inactivation are widely used to identify the functions supported by specific cortical interneuron types. Implicit in much of this work is notion that tonic will both produce valid, internally consistent insights into interneurons’ computational roles. Here, using single-unit recordings auditory cortex awake mice, we show may not generally hold true. Optogenetically manipulating somatostatin-positive (Sst+) or parvalbumin-positive (Pvalb+)...
The cerebral cortex is a major hub for the convergence and integration of signals from across sensory modalities; cortices, including primary regions, are no exception. Here we show that visual stimuli influence neural firing in auditory awake male female mice, using multisite probes to sample single units multiple cortical layers. We demonstrate both secondary cortex. then determine laminar location recording sites through electrode track tracing with fluorescent dye optogenetic...
Spontaneous activity within local circuits affects the integrative properties of neurons and networks. We have previously shown that neocortical network exhibits a balance between excitatory inhibitory synaptic potentials, such has significant effects on transmission, action potential generation, spike timing. However, whether facilitates or reduces sensory responses yet to be clearly determined. examined this hypothesis in primary visual cortex vivo during slow oscillations...
A characteristic feature in the primary visual cortex is that responses are suppressed as a stimulus extends beyond classical receptive field. Here, we examined role of inhibitory neurons expressing somatostatin (SOM⁺) or parvalbumin (PV⁺) on surround suppression and preferred field size. We recorded multichannel extracellular activity V1 transgenic mice channelrhodopsin SOM⁺ PV⁺ neurons. Preferred size were measured using drifting square-wave gratings varying radii at two contrasts....
Highlights•Cortical inhibition contributes to forward suppression in the auditory cortex•Inactivation of Sst+ cells attenuates strength suppression•Inactivation Pvalb+ alters spectral dependence suppression•In a model, short-term synaptic plasticity accounts for these differencesSummaryBoth behavioral and neural responses sounds are generally modified by acoustic context which they encountered. As an example, cortex, preceding can powerfully suppress later, spectrally similar sounds—a...
Information processing in sensory cortex is highly sensitive to nonsensory variables such as anesthetic state, arousal, and task engagement. Recent work mouse visual suggests that evoked firing rates, stimulus-response mutual information, encoding efficiency increase when animals are engaged movement. A disinhibitory circuit appears central this change: inhibitory neurons expressing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) activated during movement disinhibit pyramidal cells by suppressing other...
Most anthropoid primates are slow to develop, their offspring mostly single births, and the interbirth intervals long. To maintain a stable population, parents must live long enough sustain serial production of sufficient number young replace themselves while allowing for death before they can reproduce. However, in many species there is large differential between sexes care provided offspring. Therefore, we hypothesize that slowly developing with sex bears greater burden will tend survive...
Cortical function critically depends on inhibitory/excitatory balance. inhibitory interneurons (cINs) are born in the ventral forebrain and migrate into cortex, where their numbers adjusted by programmed cell death. Here, we show that loss of clustered gamma protocadherins (Pcdhg), but not genes alpha or beta clusters, increased dramatically cIN BAX-dependent death mice. Surprisingly, electrophysiological morphological properties Pcdhg-deficient wild-type cINs during period were...
The human cortex contains inhibitory interneurons derived from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), a germinal zone in embryonic ventral forebrain. How this generates sufficient for brain remains unclear. We found that MGE (hMGE) nests of proliferative neuroblasts with ultrastructural and transcriptomic features distinguish them other progenitors hMGE. When dissociated hMGE cells are transplanted into neonatal mouse brain, they reform containing proliferating generate young neurons migrate...
Cortical inhibitory interneurons (cINs) are born in the ventral forebrain and migrate into cortex where they make connections with locally produced excitatory glutamatergic neurons. function critically depends on number of cINs, which is also key to establishing appropriate inhibitory/excitatory balance. The final cINs determined during a postnatal period programmed cell death (PCD) when ~40% young eliminated. Previous work shows that loss clustered gamma protocadherins (Pcdhgs), but not...
The neocortex of primates, including humans, contains more abundant and diverse inhibitory neurons compared with rodents, but the molecular foundations these observations are unknown. Through integrative gene coexpression analysis, we determined a consensus transcriptional profile GABAergic in mid-gestation human neocortex. By comparing this to genes expressed purified from neonatal mouse neocortex, identified conserved distinct aspects expression cells between species. We show here that...
The maturation of inhibitory GABAergic cortical circuits regulates experience-dependent plasticity. We recently showed that the heterochronic transplantation parvalbumin (PV) or somatostatin (SST) interneurons from medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) reactivates ocular dominance plasticity (ODP) in postnatal mouse visual cortex. Might other types similarly induce plasticity? Here, we establish caudal (CGE)-derived interneurons, when transplanted into cortex neonatal mice, migrate extensively...
Neocortical networks are composed of diverse populations cells that differ in their chemical content, electrophysiological characteristics, and connectivity. Gamma-frequency oscillatory activity inhibitory subnetworks has been hypothesized to regulate information processing the cortex as a whole. Inhibitory neurons these synchronize firing selectively innervate perisomatic compartments target neurons, generating both tonic rapidly fluctuating inhibition. How do different types cortical...
Responses to auditory stimuli are often strongly influenced by recent stimulus history. For example, in a paradigm called forward suppression, brief sounds can suppress the perception of, and neural responses to, subsequent sound, with magnitude of this suppression depending on both spectral temporal distances between sounds. As step towards understanding mechanisms that generate these adaptive representations awake animals, we quantitatively characterize two-tone sequences cortex waking...