A5065537776- Reproductive tract infections research
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Ocular Infections and Treatments
- Ocular Surface and Contact Lens
- Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Insects and Parasite Interactions
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
The Task Force for Global Health
2016-2025
International Trachoma Initiative
2017-2025
Islamic Azad University Medical Branch of Tehran
2024
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2004-2024
World Health Organization
2022
University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
2006
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
2006
Background Facial cleanliness and sanitation are postulated to reduce trachoma transmission, but there no previous data on community-level herd protection thresholds. We characterize associations between active trachoma, access improved facilities, water sources for the purpose of face washing, with aim estimating or Methods findings used cluster-sampled Global Trachoma Mapping Project 884,850 children aged 1–9 years from 354,990 households in 13 countries. employed multivariable...
In collaboration with the health ministries that we serve and other partners, set out to complete multiple-country Global Trachoma Mapping Project. To maximize accuracy reliability of its outputs, needed in-built, practical mechanisms for quality assurance control. This article describes how those were created deployed. Using expert opinion, computer simulation, working groups, field trials, progressively accumulated in-project experience, external evaluations, developed 1) criteria where...
Background Trichiasis is present when one or more eyelashes touches the eye. Uncorrected, it can cause blindness. Accurate estimates of numbers affected, and their geographical distribution, help guide resource allocation. Methods We obtained district-level trichiasis prevalence in adults for 44 endemic previously-endemic countries. used (1) most recent data a district, if than estimate was available; (2) age- sex-standardized corrections historic estimates, where raw were (3) adjusted using...
Purpose Population-based prevalence surveys are essential for decision-making on interventions to achieve trachoma elimination as a public health problem. This paper outlines the methodologies of Tropical Data, which supports work undertake those surveys.
To assess the prevalence of several parasitic infections in Kiribati, dried blood spots collected during trachoma surveys two major population centers 2015, 2016, and 2019 were tested using multiplex bead-based serologic assays to detect IgG antibodies against four pathogens public health interest: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), Taenia solium solium), Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis), Toxocara canis canis). In Kiritimati Island, seroprevalences T. recombinant antigen for detection...
Purpose Trachoma is endemic in Kenya. Since baseline trachoma surveys 2004, a concerted programme has been undertaken to reduce the prevalence of disease. Here, we report on carried out between 2017 and 2020 after interventions were implemented some areas for elimination purposes.
Background: There has been discussion regarding the definition of clinical sign trachomatous trichiasis (TT) for purposes determining elimination trachoma as a public health problem, and whether should include presence scarring (TS). Methods: A multi-country comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in settings with varying burdens Ethiopia, Uganda Nigeria to determine if TS grading collected from cases by field graders surveys using simplified scheme are comparable tarsal conjunctival...
Abstract Background Trachoma is a public health problem in Zambia. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) 1–9-y-olds and trichiasis (TT) ≥15-y-olds after implementation trachoma elimination interventions determine if thresholds had been achieved: <5% for TF <0.2% TT ≥15-y-olds. Methods Two rounds impact surveys two evaluation units (EUs) comprising four districts Western Province were conducted; first 2018, second 2023. All individuals...
In some Pacific Island countries, such as Solomon Islands and Fiji, active trachoma is common, but ocular Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection trachomatous trichiasis (TT) are rare. On Tarawa, the most populous Kiribati island, both sign "trachomatous inflammation-follicular" (TF) TT present at prevalences warranting intervention. We sought to estimate of TF, TT, Ct infection, anti-Ct antibodies on Kiritimati Island, Kiribati, assess local relationships between these parameters, help...
Abstract Background As the prevalences of neglected tropical diseases reduce to low levels in some countries, policymakers require precise disease estimates decide whether set public health targets have been met. At prevalence levels, traditional statistical methods produce imprecise estimates. More modern geospatial can deliver required level precision for accurate decision-making. Methods Using spatially referenced data from 3567 cluster locations Ethiopia years 2017, 2018 and 2019, we...
Background Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness. To reduce transmission, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) improvements are promoted through a comprehensive public health strategy. Evidence supporting role WaSH in trachoma elimination mixed it remains unknown what coverages needed to effectively transmission. Methods/Findings We used g-computation estimate impact on prevalence trachomatous inflammation—follicular among children aged 1–9 years (TF 1-9 ) when hypothetical...
Purpose Trachoma is endemic in Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' (SNNP) Sidama regions of Ethiopia. We aimed to measure the prevalence trachomatous inflammation – follicular (TF) among children aged 1 − 9 years trichiasis (TT) unknown health system people ≥15 following interventions for trachoma 52 woredas SNNP regions.Methods From 2017 2019, 66 two-stage cluster sampling cross-sectional population-based surveys were carried out (third-level administrative divisions) using a...
The Global Trachoma Mapping Project (GTMP) was implemented with the aim of completing baseline map trachoma globally. Over 2.6 million people were examined in 1,546 districts across 29 countries between December 2012 and January 2016. analysis to estimate unit cost identify key drivers prevalence surveys conducted as part GTMP.In-country global support costs obtained using GTMP financial records. In-country expenditure analysed for 1,164 17 countries. mean survey $13,113 per district...
Trachoma is the commonest infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Efforts are being made to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem globally. However, prevalence decreases, it becomes more challenging precisely predict prevalence. We demonstrate how model-based geostatistics (MBG) can be used reliable, efficient, and widely applicable tool assess elimination status trachoma.We analysed surveillance data from Brazil, Malawi, Niger. developed geostatistical Binomial models trachomatous...
EGFRvIII is the type III deletion mutant form of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with transforming activity. This tumor-specific antigen ligand independent, contains a constitutively active tyrosine kinase domain and has been shown to be present in number human malignancies. In this study, we report production characterization camel antibodies that are directed against external EGFRvIII. Antibodies developed camels smaller (i.e. IgG2 IgG3 subclasses lack light chains) than any other...
Background As highly trachoma-endemic countries approach elimination, some districts will have prevalences of trachomatous inflammation–follicular in 1–9-year-olds (TF1-9) 5.0–9.9%. The World Health Organization (WHO) previously recommended that such districts, TF prevalence be assessed each sub-district (groupings at least three villages), with rounds azithromycin treatment offered to any which TF≥10%. Given the large number endemic worldwide and human financial resources required conduct...
Abstract Background As the World Health Organization seeks to eliminate trachoma by 2020, countries are beginning control transmission of trachomatous inflammation–follicular (TF) and discontinue mass drug administration (MDA) with oral azithromycin. We evaluated effect MDA discontinuation on TF1–9 prevalence at district level. Methods extracted from available data districts an impact survey end their program cycle that initiated (TF1–9 <5%), followed a surveillance conducted...
Background: Trachoma, a leading cause of blindness, is targeted for global elimination as public health problem by 2020. In order to contribute this goal, countries should demonstrate reduction disease prevalence below specified thresholds, after implementation the SAFE strategy in areas with defined endemicity. Zimbabwe had not yet generated data on trachoma endemicity and no specific interventions against have been implemented.Methods: Two mapping phases were successively implemented...
Purpose: Following interventions against trachoma in Viet Nam, impact surveys conducted 2003–2011 suggested that was no longer a public health problem. In 2014, we undertook surveillance to estimate prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) and trichiasis.Methods: A population-based survey undertaken 11 evaluation units (EUs) encompassing 24 districts, using Global Trachoma Mapping Project methods. two-stage cluster sampling design used each EU, whereby 20 clusters 60 children...
Whilst previous work has identified clustering of the active trachoma sign "trachomatous inflammation—follicular" (TF), there is limited understanding spatial structure trachomatous trichiasis (TT), rarer, end-stage, blinding form disease. Here we use community-level TF prevalence, information on access to water and sanitation, large-scale environmental socio-economic indicators model variation in TT prevalence Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, DRC, Guinea, Ethiopia, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sudan...
In the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, sign trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) is common, but ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis not. It therefore debatable whether azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA), recommended antibiotic treatment strategy for trachoma's elimination as a public health problem, necessary in this setting. We set out to estimate what proportion of adolescents were at risk progression scarring.A cross-sectional survey was undertaken all children aged...
Background Late-stage blinding sequalae of trachoma such as trachomatous trichiasis (TT) typically take decades to develop and often do so in the absence ongoing ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection. This suggests that most TT risk accumulates early life; a result, population-level incidence prevalence can remain high years after C. transmission among children has decreased. In Embu Kitui counties, Kenya, inflammation – follicular is low children. this survey, we set out determine ten...
Abstract Trachoma is targeted for elimination as a public health problem worldwide by 2030. In Nigeria, activities are implemented at the local government area (LGA) level. They started in 2002 conducting baseline population-based prevalence surveys (PBPSs), which continued systematic manner with engagement from Global Mapping Project 2013, and subsequently Tropical Data. The results led to development of Nigeria's first trachoma action plan its subsequent revision additional information....
Trachoma was suspected to be endemic in parts of the Democratic Republic Congo (DRC). We aimed estimate prevalences trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), trichiasis, and water sanitation (WASH) indicators suspected-endemic Health Zones.A population-based prevalence survey undertaken each 46 Zones across nine provinces DRC, using Global Mapping Project methods. A two-stage cluster random sampling design used Zone, whereby 25 villages (clusters) 30 households per were sampled. Consenting...
Purpose: Previous phases of trachoma mapping in Pakistan completed baseline surveys 38 districts. To help guide national elimination planning, we set out to estimate prevalence 43 suspected-endemic evaluation units (EUs) 15 further districts.Methods: We planned a population-based survey each EU. Two-stage cluster sampling was employed, using the systems and approaches Global Trachoma Mapping Project. In EU, residents aged ≥1 year living 30 households 26 villages were invited be examined by...