A5072849369- Birth, Development, and Health
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
- Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Light effects on plants
University of Southampton
2014-2023
Southampton General Hospital
2010-2023
Wilhelmina Children's Hospital
2016
International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease
2007-2011
Cambridge University Press
2009-2010
New York University Press
2009-2010
Chitose Institute of Science and Technology
2010
Princess Anne Hospital
2005-2009
University of Manchester
2000-2005
King's College London
1992-1999
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes an increasingly prevalent spectrum of disorders associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. It is uncertain why steatosis occurs in some individuals, whereas nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) others. We have generated a novel mouse model to test our hypothesis: that maternal fat intake contributes the development NAFLD adult offspring. Female mice were fed either high-fat (HF) or control chow (C) diet before during gestation lactation....
In rodents, adverse prenatal nutrition, such as a maternal diet rich in fat during pregnancy, enhances susceptibility of the offspring to hypertension, type 2 diabetes and other features human metabolic syndrome adulthood. However, previous experimental studies were confined short-term modifications pregnancy and/or lactation periods, situation uncommon humans. Moreover humans, may also consume high-fat diet, which take them beyond range their development has adapted respond healthily. We...
miRNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene functions. Maternal dietary modifications during pregnancy and gestation have long-term effects on offspring, but it is not known whether a maternal high fat (HF) diet lactation alters expression key offspring. We studied HF adult offspring by feeding mice with either or chow prior to conception, lactation, all were weaned onto same until adulthood. fed had markedly increased hepatic mRNA levels peroxisome proliferator activated...
Early embryonic development is known to be susceptible maternal undernutrition, leading a disease‐related postnatal phenotype. To determine whether this sensitivity extended into oocyte development, we examined the effect of normal protein diet (18% casein; NPD) or isocaloric low (9% LPD) restricted one ovulatory cycle (3.5 days) prior natural mating in female MF‐1 mice. After mating, all females received NPD for remainder gestation and offspring were litter size adjusted fed standard chow....
ABSTRACT The participation of the ovarian steroids and opioid peptides in suppression pulsatile LH release during acute fasting was examined rats. Ovariectomized rats bearing silicone elastomer implants oestradiol and/or progesterone were fasted for 48 h subsequently blood samples taken every 6 min 3 h. Pulsatile suppressed after ovariectomized implanted with but not oil-implanted controls. This enhanced administration together oestradiol. In a second experiment, or oil injected s.c. (2·5...
The effect of food deprivation on the pulsatile release LH was examined in normal cycling and ovariectomized (OVX) adult female rat. In animals, there were significant decreases mean plasma levels as well frequency amplitude pulse 48 h after onset deprivation. On other hand, for up to 72 did not cause any changes OVX animals. No difference body weight blood glucose concentration found between rats throughout period 96 h. These findings suggest that ovarian factors play an important role...
Human and animal studies have revealed a strong association between periconceptional environmental factors, such as poor maternal diet, an increased propensity for cardiovascular metabolic disease in adult offspring. Previously, we reported physiological effects of low protein diet (LPD) fed during discrete periods development on 6-month-old mouse Here, extend the analysis 1 year aging offspring, evaluating mechanisms regulating growth adiposity. Isocaloric LPD (9% casein) or normal (18%...
5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (known as ZMP) is a metabolite produced in de novo purine biosynthesis and histidine biosynthesis, but only utilized the cell by homodimeric bifunctional enzyme (called ATIC) that catalyzes last two steps of biosynthesis. ZMP known to act an allosteric activator cellular energy sensor adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), when exogenously administered corresponding cell-permeable ribonucleoside. Here, we demonstrate endogenous...
The roles of the adrenergic projection to paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and central CRH in suppression pulsatile LH secretion during 48-h fasting were examined ovariectomized estradiol (E2)-treated rats. animals immediately implanted with Silastic tubing containing E2. One week after ovariectomy E2 implantation, stereotaxically a guide cannula for microinjection into PVN or intracerebroventricular (icv) injection. later, some deprived food 48 h. unfasted controls provided ad libitum. At this...
Increasing evidence suggests that hypercholesterolemia during pregnancy initiates pathogenic events in the fetus leading to increased risk of cardiovascular disease adult offspring. In this study we examined mice whether pharmacological intervention using statins late could alleviate detrimental effects a high-fat, high-cholesterol (45% fat) maternal diet on health dams and their Pregnant C57 were given 3hydroxy3methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor pravastatin drinking water (5...
Are daily cycles in urinary melatonin and oxidative stress marker levels (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine) altered PCOS, is this associated with changes sleep quality? There an association between elevated nighttime 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, poor quality our PCOS study group. Women are known to have poorer sleep. However, there been few studies examining the possible women polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). This a case–control of (n = 26) non-PCOS control subjects recruited from...
Aims To determine the impact of maternal and post-weaning consumption a high fat diet on endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation redox regulation in adult male mouse offspring. Methods Female C57BL6J mice were fed an obesogenic (HF, 45% kcal fat) or standard chow (C, 21% pre-conception throughout pregnancy lactation. Post-weaning, offspring continued same as their mothers placed alternative to give 4 dietary groups (C/C, HF/C, C/HF HF/HF) which studied at 15 30 weeks age. Results There...
Seasonal Siberian hamsters lose fat reserves, decrease body weight and leptin concentrations, suppress reproduction on short-day photoperiod (SD). Chronic infusion at physiological doses caused loss in SD animals but was ineffective long-day (LD) hamsters. Using ovariectomized estrogen-treated females, we tested the hypothesis that responsiveness to is regulated by photoperiod. On SD, hypothalamic neuropeptide Y, agouti-related peptide, cocaine- amphetamine-regulated transcript gene...
Leptin may play a role in appetite regulation and metabolism, but its reproductive is less clear. In photoperiodic Siberian hamsters, seasonal changes fatness, leptin gene expression, metabolism occur synchronously with activation or suppression of reproduction, analogous to puberty. Here, we test the hypothesis that secretion mediate reproduction. Mature male ovariectomized estrogen-treated female hamsters were kept long (LD; 16 h light, 8 darkness) short days (SD; for weeks, recombinant...
TEMPORAL changes of serotonin (5-HT) content in the median (MRN) and dorsal (DRN) raphe nuclei were measured rats kept under various lighting conditions. Serotonin MRN DRN light-dark (LD) condition showed diurnal rhythmicity, with a peak during early light wphase trough dark phase. In constant (DD) condition, single was observed out phase to 5-HT found LD condition. Animals exposed (LL) after 2 days DD marked increase lights on. These results suggest that are regulated by an endogenous...