A5024830584- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Respiratory viral infections research
- interferon and immune responses
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hepatitis C virus research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Free Radicals and Antioxidants
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Synthesis and biological activity
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Sapienza University of Rome
2016-2025
Istituto Pasteur
2016-2025
University of Florence
1983-2024
Anvil Semiconductors (United Kingdom)
2024
Institut Pasteur
2016
Università degli Studi della Tuscia
2003-2008
Istituto Superiore di Sanità
2006-2008
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology
2005
Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Abteilung Rom
2005
University of Rome Tor Vergata
1996-2003
We have previously shown that the life cycles of several viruses are influenced by host-cell redox states. Reports antioxidant activities plant polyphenol resveratrol (RV) prompted us to investigate its effects on influenza virus replication in vitro and vivo. found RV strongly inhibited MDCK cells but this activity was not directly related glutathione-mediated activity. Rather, it involved blockade nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation viral ribonucleoproteins reduced expression late proteins...
Background Susceptibility to viral infections as well their severity are higher in men than women. Heightened antiviral responses typical of women effective for rapid virus clearance, but if excessively high or prolonged, can result chronic/inflammatory pathologies. We investigated whether this variability could be part attributable differences the response Toll-Like Receptors (TLR) more involved recognition. Methods Cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from male...
An overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) has been related to airway inflammation typical influenza infection. Virus-induced oxidative stress may also control viral replication, but the mechanisms underlying ROS production, as well their role in activating intracellular pathways and specific steps life cycle under redox have be fully elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that A virus infection lung epithelial cells causes a significant increase...
Introduction Members of the human intestinal microbiota are key players in maintaining health. Alterations composition gut microbial community (dysbiosis) have been linked with important diseases. Understanding underlying processes that control structure, including bacterial interactions within itself, is essential. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus a gram-negative bacterium preys other species for survival, acting as population-balancer. It was found terrestrial/aquatic ecosystems, and animal...
ABSTRACT The herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is widespread in the population, and most cases its infection asymptomatic. currently available anti-HSV-1 drugs are acyclovir derivatives, although long-term therapy with these agents can lead to drug resistance. Thus, discovery of novel antiherpetic compounds deserves additional effort. Naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent an interesting class molecules potential antiviral properties. To best our knowledge, this study first...
Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a predator bacterial species found in the environment and within human gut, able to attack Gram-negative prey. Cystic fibrosis (CF) genetic disease which usually presents lung colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Here, we investigated predatory behaviour of B. against these two pathogenic with: i) broth culture; ii) 'static' biofilms; iii) field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM); iv) 'flow' v) zymographic...
The COVID-19 pandemic has evidenced the urgent need for discovery of broad-spectrum antiviral therapies that could be deployed in case future emergence novel viral threats, as well to back up current therapeutic options drug resistance development. Most antivirals are directed inhibit specific viruses since these molecules designed act on a target with objective interfering precise step replication cycle. Therefore, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified promising agents help...
Influenza virus infection induces oxidative stress in host cells by decreasing the intracellular content of glutathione (GSH) and increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is responsible for production reducing equivalents nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) that used to regenerate reduced form GSH, thus restoring redox homeostasis. Cells deficient G6PD display elevated levels ROS an increased susceptibility viral infection,...
ABSTRACT Background Several respiratory viruses, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome‐Coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), suppress nuclear factor‐E2‐related factor‐2 (NRF2) antioxidant response, generating oxidative stress conditions to its advantage. NRF2 has also been reported regulate the innate immune response through inhibition of interferon (IFN) pathway. However, modulation in younger individuals and correlation with IFN remain be elucidated. Methods The redox‐related genes expression...
Growing evidence indicates that viral replication is regulated by the redox state of host cell. We demonstrate cells different origins display differential permissivity for influenza A virus replication, depending on their intracellular power as reflected Bcl-2 expression and glutathione (GSH) content. expressing were found to have higher levels GSH produce lower amounts than negative cells. Two steps in life-cycle involved Bcl-2/GSH mediated inhibition: 1) late proteins (in particular...
Protein cysteines can form transient disulfides with glutathione (GSH), resulting in the production of glutathionylated proteins, and this process is regarded as a mechanism by which redox state cell regulate protein function. Most studies on regulation immunity have focused intracellular proteins. In study we used proteomics to identify those proteins released macrophages stimulated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after pre-loading cells biotinylated GSH. Of several identified secretome, selected...
Survival of memory B lymphocytes is tightly linked to the integrity Bcl-2 protein and regulated by a nerve growth factor (NGF) autocrine circuit. In factor-starved cells, addition exogenous NGF promptly induced p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK), but not c-Jun N-terminal (JNK), dephosphorylation. Conversely, withdrawal endogenous was followed MAPK activation translocation onto mitochondria, whereby it combined with phosphorylated Bcl-2, as assessed co-immunoprecipitation assays <i>in...
The virally encoded integrase protein is an essential enzyme in the life cycle of HIV-1 virus and represents attractive validated target development therapeutics against HIV infection. Drugs that selectively inhibit this enzyme, when used combination with inhibitors reverse transcriptase protease, are believed to be highly effective suppressing viral replication. Among inhibitors, beta-diketo acids (DKAs) represent a major lead for anti-HIV-1 drug development. In study, novel bifunctional...
Previous reports have shown that various steps in the influenza A virus life cycle are impaired cells expressing antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 (Bcl-2<sup>+</sup> cells). We demonstrated a direct link between and reduced nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complexes these cells. However, despite its negative impact on replication, did not prevent host from undergoing virally triggered apoptosis. The protein's capacity was related to phosphorylation threonine 56 serine 87 residues...
The aim of this study was to determine whether GSH-C4, a hydrophobic glutathione derivative, affects in vitro and vivo influenza virus infection by interfering with redox-sensitive intracellular pathways involved the maturation viral hemagglutinin (HA).GSH-C4 strongly inhibited A replication cultured cells lethally infected mice, where it also reduced lung damage mortality. In cell-culture studies, GSH-C4 arrested HA folding; disulfide-rich glycoprotein remained endoplasmic reticulum as...
A hydroalcoholic extract from female inflorescences of Humulus lupulus L. (HOP extract) was evaluated for its anti-influenza activity. The ability the to interfere with different phases viral replication assessed, as well effect on intracellular redox state, being unbalanced versus oxidative state in infected cells. radical scavenging power, inhibition lipoperoxidation, and ferric reducing activity were assayed antioxidant mechanisms. phytochemical characterization also performed. We found...
DR2B and DR2C extracts, obtained by ethanolic maceration of peel from commercially physiologically ripe aubergine berries, were studied for the antioxidative cytoprotective properties anti-HSV-1 activity, in line with evidence that several antioxidants can impair viral replication maintaining reducing conditions host cells. The effects against tBOOH-induced damage assessed Caco2 cells, while antiviral activity was Vero cells; polyphenolic fingerprints characterized integrated phytochemical...
Different catechol and pyrogallol derivatives have been synthesized by oxidation of coumarins with 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) in DMSO at 25 °C. A high regioselectivity was observed accordance the stability order incipient carbocation or radical benzylic-like intermediate. The also effective water under heterogeneous conditions using IBX supported on polystyrene. new showed improved antioxidant effects DPPH test inhibitory activity against influenza A/PR8/H1N1 virus. These data represent a...