The COVID-19 pandemic is imposing a profound negative impact on the health and wellbeing of societies individuals, worldwide. One concern effect social isolation as result distancing mental vulnerable populations, including older people. Within six weeks lockdown, we initiated CHARIOT Rapid Response Study, bespoke survey cognitively healthy people living in London, to investigate associated physical wellbeing. sample was drawn from CHARIOT, register over 50 who have consented be contacted...

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To forecast dementia prevalence with a dynamic modelling approach that integrates calendar trends in incidence those for mortality and cardiovascular disease. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Modelling study. <b>Setting</b>&nbsp;General adult population of England Wales. <b>Participants</b>&nbsp;The English Longitudinal Study Ageing (ELSA) is representative panel study six waves data across 2002-13. Men women aged 50 or more years, selected randomly, their cohabiting partners were...

BackgroundReliable estimation of future trends in life expectancy and the burden disability is crucial for ageing societies. Previous forecasts have not considered potential impact disease incidence. The present prediction model combines population cardiovascular disease, dementia, disability, mortality to forecast England Wales up 2025.MethodsWe developed validated IMPACT-Better Ageing Model—a probabilistic that tracks aged 35–100 years through ten health states characterised by presence or...

We sought to determine whether adiposity in later midlife is an independent predictor of accelerated stiffening the aorta. Whitehall II study participants (3789 men; 1383 women) underwent carotid-femoral applanation tonometry at mean age 66 and again 4 years later. General by body mass index, central waist circumference waist:hip ratio, fat percent impedance were assessed 5 before baseline. In linear mixed models adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, arterial pressure, all measures associated...

OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes is an established risk factor for dementia. However, the roles of glycemic control and diabetic complications in development dementia have been less well substantiated. This large-scale cohort study aims to examine associations longitudinal HbA1c levels with incidence among patients type diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data eligible diabetes, aged ≥50 years U.K. Clinical Practice Research Datalink from 1987 2018, were analyzed. Time-varying Cox regressions...

Background Physical activity is associated with reduced cardiovascular disease risk, mainly through effects on atherosclerosis. Aortic stiffness may be an alternative mechanism. We examined whether patterns of physical and sedentary behavior are rate aortic stiffening. Methods Results Carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity ( PWV ) was measured twice using applanation tonometry at mean ages 65 (in 2008/2009) 70 2012/2013) years in the Whitehall‐ II study (N=5196). self‐reported baseline...

BackgroundHealth inequalities persist into old age. We aimed to investigate risk factors for socioeconomic differences in frailty that could potentially be modified through policy measures.MethodsIn this multi-wave longitudinal cohort study (Whitehall II study), we assessed participants' status, behavioural and biomedical factors, disease status at age 45–55 years, (defined according the Fried phenotype) baseline one or more of three clinic visits about 18 years later (mean 69 [SD 5·9])....

Objectives To explore whether daytime napping and sleep duration are linked to serum C reactive protein (CRP), a pro-inflammatory marker, in an older aged British population. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk Participants A total of 5018 men women 48–92 years reported their habits had CRP levels measured. Outcome measures was measured (mg/L) during 2006–2011 fresh blood samples using high-sensitivity methods....

Abstract INTRODUCTION Metformin has been suggested as a therapeutic agent for dementia, but the relevant evidence partial and inconsistent. METHODS We established national cohort of 210,237 type 2 diabetes patients in UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Risks incident dementia were compared between metformin initiators those who not prescribed any anti‐diabetes medication during follow‐up. RESULTS Compared with ( n = 114,628), received no 95,609) had lower HbA1c better cardiovascular...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is known to be associated with systemic inflammation. We examined the longitudinal association of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lung function in a cohort 18,110 men women from European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer Norfolk who were 40-79 years age at baseline (recruited 1993-1997) followed-up through 2011. assessed by measuring forced vital capacity (FVC) expiratory volume 1 second (FEV1) baseline, 4 years, 13 years. Serum CRP levels measured...

Objectives Physical inactivity is more common in older adults, associated with social isolation and loneliness contributes to increased morbidity mortality. We examined the effect of restrictions reduce COVID-19 transmission UK (lockdown), on physical activity (PA) levels adults predictors any change. Design Baseline analysis a survey-based prospective cohort study. Setting Adults enrolled Cognitive Health Ageing Register for Investigational Observational Trials from general practitioner...

BackgroundPrevious estimates of the impact public health interventions targeting hypertension usually focus on one outcome. This study aims to consider effects change in future prevalence mortality, dementia, and disability simultaneously.MethodsWe modelled three plausible scenarios based observed trends from 2003 2017 England: continue (baseline scenario); remains unchanged; decreases by 50% 2060. We used a probabilistic Markov model integrate calendar incidence cardiovascular disease,...

Background The direct and indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy (LE) years lost with without disability remain unclear. Accounting for pre-pandemic trends in morbidity mortality, we assessed these 18 European countries, 2020–2022. Methods Findings We used multi-state Markov modeling based several data sources to track transitions population aged 35 or older between eight health states from disease-free, combinations cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment,...

Abstract Rationale, aims and objectives Knowledge in evidence‐based medicine (EBM) is increasingly becoming a core competence medical education. We evaluated the trainee doctors’ attitudes knowledge of EBM to obtain basis required for developing appropriate teaching learning opportunities. Methods Trainee physicians at Tehran University hospital were surveyed. The questionnaire included six questions evaluating EBM, number correct answers yielding score, eight towards EBM. Participants also...

Circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with an increased risk coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and peripheral (PAD). Observational experimental evidence suggest that CRP might differentially predict fatal nonfatal cardiovascular events. Here, we sought to determine the predictive value for CAD, or PAD.CRP were measured in 18 450 apparently healthy participants European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort. Cox proportional hazards...

Background: Aortic pulse wave velocity is a noninvasive measure of aortic stiffness and arterial aging. Its current value in cardiovascular risk estimation practice unknown. We aimed to establish whether identified individuals with higher incident major adverse events improved performance the American Heart Association/American College Cardiology atherosclerotic disease score. Methods: This prospective analysis included 3837 Whitehall II cohort participants screened 2008 2009, followed for...

A variety of detoxification methods have been utilized for the treatment opiate withdrawal syndrome, which alpha-adrenergic agonists attracted considerable attention over last two decades. However, accumulating evidence in rats shows efficacy GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen, reducing alcohol intake and self-administration cocaine.To examine ability management withdrawal.A total 62 addicts randomly assigned to with baclofen or clonidine during a 14-day, double-blind clinical trial. All...

In the present study, we investigated association between dietary intake of carbohydrates and risk type 2 diabetes. Incident cases diabetes ( n 749) were identified compared with a randomly selected subcohort 3496 participants aged 40–79 years. For assessment, used 7 d food diaries administered at baseline. We carried out modified Cox proportional hazards regression analyses results obtained from different methods adjustment for total energy intake. Dietary intakes carbohydrates, starch,...

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a well-documented predictor of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. We aimed to better understand the distribution determinants CRP in population.Study participants were men women aged 40-79 UK-based EPIC-Norfolk population-based cohort study. was measured 18 586 available serum samples (8334 10 252 women) remeasured 6087 individuals on average 13 years later using high-sensitivity assay.In cross-sectional analyses, range 0.1-188.3 mg/L median 1.6 mg/L. A third...

Previous studies examined midlife risk factors separately for old-age impaired physical and cognitive functioning. We determined the overlap of both domains functioning within same setting.

Background Conflicting data exist about the cardiovascular risk of metabolically healthy obese persons. The prognostic value C‐reactive protein ( CRP ) in this intriguing group is unknown. We assessed association between levels and coronary heart disease CHD persons with abdominal obesity. Methods Results In European Prospective Investigation Cancer–Norfolk prospective cohort, information on metabolic syndrome criteria were available for 7279 participants, whom 825 (11%) developed during a...