Abstract Leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) ‐containing G protein coupled receptor (LGR) family members are characterized by the presence of a seven‐transmembrane domain and LRR motifs. We describe new function for Lgr4 in development gall bladder cystic duct epithelium–mesenchyme interaction. expression was observed epithelium when primordium elongated ventrally. Although hypomorphic mutant ( Gt / ) embryos developed normal bud at embryonic day (E) 10.25, no further elongation later stages. At...

Proteome analysis using human serum is a technological advancement that will enable the discovery of novel biomarkers and biomarker patterns various diseases. Although proteome has potential in disease prevention, early diagnosis treatment diseases, evaluation pharmacotherapies, this technology still its infancy. Thus, we sought to develop an advanced method conducting on serum. In study, report development semi-comprehensive protein analytical technique, which involves systematic use iTRAQ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the site- and sex-differences in morphological mechanical properties plantar fascia (PF) humans. thickness shear wave velocity (SWV) PF at five different sites between medial calcaneal tubercle second toe were measured for 40 healthy young participants (20 males 20 females) using supersonic imaging (SSI). SWV measurements highly repeatable (ICC ≥ 0.93). proximal around attachment significantly thicker stiffer (higher values) than middle distal (p...

Primary aldosteronism is associated with glucose intolerance and diabetes, which due in part to impaired insulin release caused by reduction of potassium, although other possibilities remain be elucidated. To evaluate the vivo effects aldosterone on metabolism, a single dose was administered mice, resulted elevation blood level. In primary cultured mouse hepatocytes, gene expression gluconeogenic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase phosphoenolpyruvate...

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), the most abundant human adrenal steroid, improves insulin sensitivity and obesity in model animals. In a previous study, we reported that orally administered DHEA suppresses elevated activities of hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes like glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice (Aoki K, Saito T, Satoh S, Mukasa Kaneshiro M, Kawasaki Okamura A, Sekihara H (1999) Diabetes 48: 1579–1585). However, molecular mechanisms by which ameliorates resistance are not...

Long‐distance running (LDR) can induce transient lowering of the foot arch, which may be associated with mechanical fatigue plantar fascia (PF). However, this has not been experimentally tested in vivo. The purpose study was to test our hypothesis that LDR induces and site‐specific changes PF stiffness morphology those are related arch. Ten male recreational long‐distance runners 10 untrained men were requested run overground for km. Before after running, shear wave velocity (SWV: an index...

Sorting nexin 5 (SNX5), a member of sorting family, plays an important role in membrane trafficking, including the retrograde trafficking cation independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-M6PR) and macropinocytosis. Using ESI-LCMS/MS analysis, we confirmed that SNX5 serine 226 is phosphorylated. Since forms heterodimers with SNX1 or SNX2, examined effect phosphorylation at S226 on heterodimer formations. Wild-type mutants SNX5, which was mutated to glutamic acid alanine, were expressed...

Abstract Sex reversal effects of nonylphenol and bisphenol A on the gonads in F 1 (AWE × WE) Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica ) embryos were investigated using an vivo screening model developed previously. The are a useful avian because sex differentiation is confirmed by plumage color before hatching, ruled criss‐cross inheritance. at 200, 2,000, 20,000, 200,000 ng/egg 20, 20,000 injected into egg white just incubation. At 16 d incubation, subjected to complete necropsy, their both...

Abstract Human steady-state locomotion modes are symmetrical, leading to symmetric mechanical function of human feet in general; however, track distance running a counterclockwise direction exposes the runner’s asymmetrical stress. This may induce adaptation runners’ foot arch functions, but this has not been experimentally tested. Here, we show that plantar fascia (PF), primary structure elasticity, is stiffer for left than right as characteristic runners, via cross-sectional study on 10...

Previously, we investigated endocrine disrupting effects of 17 β-estradiol (E2) on Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) in the avian reproduction test according to testing guidelines, which new endpoints such as blood vitellogenin (VTG) concentration parent quails and pathology F1 chicks were added, consequently these additional suggested be sensitive markers for detecting any impacts (Shibuya et al., 2005b). In present study, investigate low dose estrogenic chemicals birds, study E2 at levels...

Abstract To analyze the roles of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins in insulin-stimulated cell cycle progression, we examined functions rat IRS-1 and IRS-3 Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing human receptor. In this type or IRS-3, showed that: 1) overexpression but not IRS-1, suppressed G1/S transition induced by insulin; 2) was more preferentially localized to nucleus than IRS-1; 3) phosphorylation glycogen synthase kinase 3 MAPK/ERK unaffected overexpression, whereas that...

To analyze the functional differences of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) family, N-terminal fragments containing pleckstrin homology (PH) domains and phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) IRS (IRS-N) proteins, as well intact molecules, were expressed in Cos-1 cells, insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation subcellular distribution proteins analyzed. In contrast to distinct affinities toward phosphoinositides, these IRS-N non-selectively inhibited IRS-1, IRS-2 IRS-3, among which IRS3-N was most...

Diacylglycerol kinase gamma (DGKγ) is a subtype of DGK enzyme, which catalyzes ATP-dependent conversion diacylglycerol to phosphatidic acid. DGKγ, localized in the brain, plays an important role central nervous system. However, its function has not been widely investigated. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging DGKγ validates target engagement therapeutic inhibitors and investigates levels under normal disease conditions. In this study, we designed synthesized series 3-acetyl indole...

The eyes of 2 male and female GSP/pe chickens, the imperfect albino strain, were investigated at 52 weeks age. Aged chickens colony became blind with bilateral ocular enlargement opaque lenses. Affected (bilateral in males unilateral females) hard difficult to section; histologic specimens processed after decalcification. A large portion posterior chamber was occupied by cancellous bone containing fibrous cartilaginous foci. Osseous tissues developed adjacent choroid, no retinal pigment...

Abstract Shiotani, H, Mizokuchi, T, Yamashita, R, Naito, M, and Kawakami, Y. Influence of body mass on running-induced changes in mechanical properties plantar fascia. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): e588–e592, 2023—Body is a major risk factor for fasciopathy; however, evidence explaining the process between factors injury development limited. Long-distance running induces transient site-specific reduction fascia (PF) stiffness, reflecting fatigue microscopic damage within tissue. As greater...

IntroductionThe mechanism of Pisa syndrome in Parkinson's disease (PD) is unclear. We aimed to analyze the spatial perception patients with PD using virtual reality.MethodsIn total, 16 syndrome, age-matched without and controls were included. They viewed room gradually tilting different 8 directions randomized across trials. The 75% discrimination threshold angle mean for each direction evaluated. Participants' lateral trunk deviation was measured Kinect. Neuropsychological status evaluated,...

Two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (2-D LC-MS/MS) technique has high capability of resolving peptides, and is used for analysis tryptic peptides derived from highly complex protein mixtures such as plasma. However, the detection low-abundant proteins low-molecular-weight often very difficult in this system, because major high-abundant albumin mostly disturb separation minor proteins. To resolve these problems, different methods sample preparation...

Multiple Frequency Continuous Wave (MFCW) is one of the efficient methods having both long range performance and resolution. In this paper, transmission sequences signal processing to expand observable maximum velocity MFCW are described. At first, we propose Hybrid Sequence in which frequency steps for estimation added conventional velocity. And then also using two initial frequencies range. We show experimental results on a general road. The indicated that proposed worked well field experiments.

Two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC-MS/MS) technique has high capability of resolving peptides, and is used for analysis highly complex protein mixtures. In this report, we to analyze proteins secreted from human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, identified over 400 proteins. Recently, liver been demonstrated secrete in the same manner as adipocytes which adipocytokines regulating lipid glucose metabolism. As hepatic homeostasis regulated by a cross...

The prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide, thus leading to an risk diabetic microangiopathy, caused by prolonged hyperglycemia, as well increase in atherosclerotic diseases (macroangiopathy), which one the factors. Complex gene-environment interactions make it difficult investigate molecular basis etiology from clinical samples obtained patients with wide-ranging backgrounds. In contrast, factors for complications such micro- and macroangiopathies are common among a variety...