A5013463428- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Physical Activity and Health
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Genital Health and Disease
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences Research and Education
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Diabetes and associated disorders
Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit
2012-2025
National Institute for Medical Research
2012-2025
Bugando Medical Centre
2015
BackgroundHistorically, health facilities in sub-Saharan Africa have mainly managed acute, infectious diseases. Few data exist for the preparedness of African to handle growing epidemic chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs). We assessed burden NCDs northwestern Tanzania and investigated strengths system areas improvement with regard primary care management selected NCDs.MethodsBetween November, 2012, May, 2013, we undertook a cross-sectional survey representative sample 24 public...
The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa, but data available for intervention planning are inadequate. We determined the prevalence selected NCDs and HIV infection, NCD risk factors northwestern Tanzania southern Uganda.A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted, enrolling households using multistage sampling with five strata per country (one municipality, two towns, rural areas). Consenting adults (≥18 years) were interviewed WHO STEPS...
Background. Cervical cancer is a major public health problem for women in sub-Saharan Africa. Availability of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine could have an important impact. Methods. In this phase IIIb, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial (NCT00481767), healthy African girls and young seronegative immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were stratified by age (10–14 or 15–25 years) randomized (2:1) to receive either HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted (n = 450) placebo 226) at 0,...
Background The burden of diabetes is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa, including among people living with HIV. We assessed the prevalence and roles HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART) traditional risk factors adults Tanzania. Methods analysed diabetes-relevant baseline data from 1,947 adult participants CICADA study Mwanza, Tanzania: 655 HIV-uninfected, 956 HIV-infected ART-naïve, 336 persons on ART. WHO guidelines for haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were used to...
Objectives We measured the prevalence and incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in young female subjects recruited for a safety immunogenicity trial bivalent HPV-16/18 vaccine Tanzania. Methods Healthy HIV negative aged 10–25 years were enrolled randomised (2:1) to receive or placebo (Al(OH) 3 control). At enrolment, if sexually active, genital specimens collected HPV DNA, other reproductive tract infections cervical cytology. Subjects followed 12 months when testing was...
We conducted a cross‐sectional study among school/college students in Tanzania and Uganda to determine the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) associated factors. Participants were classified have BP if they had pre‐hypertension or hypertension. Interviews done using WHO STEPS instrument. Using data from both countries (n = 1596), overall was 40% (95% CI: 37‐42). The 29% 26‐31) that hypertension 11% 10‐13). High independently with obesity (aOR 6.7, 95% 2.2‐20.0), male sex 3.2, 2.4‐4.4),...
Hypertension is a leading cause of premature mortality in Tanzania, but low trust and awareness biomedical healthcare prioritization spiritual over physical health hinders uptake care. Religious leaders are highly respected community members eager to collaborate with professionals. Few worker training programs utilize evidence-based pedagogical recommendations combination theology specific their students' backgrounds. Our team research professionals religious developed curriculum teach local...
Studies on phenotypes of diabetes in Africa are inconsistent. We assessed the role β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance pre-diabetes diabetes.We included 1890 participants with mean age 40.6 (SD11.9) years a cross-sectional study among male female adults Tanzania during 2016 to 2017. Data C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-acid glycoprotein (AGP), HIV, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), body composition were collected. Insulinogenic index HOMA-IR used derive an overall marker which was...
Background Research has shown that health system utilization is low for chronic diseases (CDs) other than HIV. We describe the knowledge and perceptions of CDs identified from rural urban communities in north-west Tanzania southern Uganda. Methods Data were collected through a quantitative population survey, facility survey focus group discussions (FGDs) in-depth interviews (IDIs) subgroups participants. The main this paper findings FGDs IDIs. Results conducted 24 FGDs, involving...
Endemic malaria and helminth infections in sub-Saharan Africa can act as immunological modulators impact responses to standard immunizations. We conducted a cohort study measure the influence of on immunogenicity bivalent HPV-16/18 vaccine. evaluated association between infections, antibody among 298 Tanzanian females aged 10–25 years enrolled randomized controlled trial Malaria parasitaemia was diagnosed by examination blood smears, were urine stool samples, respectively. Geometric mean...
Introduction In the HIV-infected individuals, physical activity improves strength, quality of life and reduces risk developing non-communicable diseases. Sub-Saharan Africa, patients report being less active compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. We assessed levels correlates objectively measured capacity among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive individuals in Mwanza, Tanzania. Method conducted a cross-sectional study newly diagnosed ART-naive frequency-matched for age sex....
Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLWH) have low levels of physical activity. Using the social ecological model to understand perceptions, facilitators and barriers activity in this population is importance for developing contextualised interventions improve PLWH. Method This was a qualitative sub-study conducted between august November 2019 as part cohort study on diabetes associated complications infected Mwanza, Tanzania. Sixteen in-depth interviews three focus groups nine...
Data on renal dysfunction in sub-Saharan Africa, comparing urban and rural areas, have not yet been reported. Therefore, we aimed to determine the distribution of low estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) Tanzania, describe factors associated with eGFR quantify fractions attributable common risk factors.
Abstract Background Body composition changes may explain the rapid increase in blood pressure (BP) people with HIV (PWH) during first year of antiretroviral therapy. Methods We analyzed data from a cohort PWH and HIV-uninfected adults same communities Mwanza, Tanzania. Blood (BP, mm Hg) body were collected at baseline 12-month follow-up. used multivariable linear regression to compare BP adults, relationship between BP. Results available for 640 299 adults. Sixty-four percent women mean age...
Background Dyslipidemia is a leading risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. There are few published epidemiological data regarding dyslipidemia in Africa. We determined full lipid and apolipoprotein profiles investigated factors associated with levels urban rural populations of north-western Tanzania southern Uganda. Methods conducted cross-sectional survey randomly-selected, community-dwelling adults (≥18yrs) including five strata per country: one municipality, two district...
Abstract Background Although the burden of impaired renal function is rising in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), little known about correlates region. We determined factors associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and HIV-infected HIV-uninfected adults. Methods undertook cross-sectional analysis data from 1947 adults at enrolment for a cohort study on diabetes complications HIV patients Mwanza, north-western Tanzania. A structured questionnaire was used to collect...
Background Observational studies in humans have reported a link between schistosome infection and lower adiposity, but this may be explained by socioeconomic demographic factors, intensity of infection, or common co-infections such as HIV. Methods This was cross-sectional study that investigated the relationship adiposity large, well-described cohort Tanzanian adults living with without Cross-sectional data were collected among Mwanza, Tanzania who enrolled Chronic Infections, Co-morbidities...
Research on the associations of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness with β-cell dysfunction insulin resistance among adults in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is limited. We assessed association function, diabetes people living HIV (PLWH) ART-naïve HIV-uninfected Tanzanian adults. In a cross-sectional study, we collected data socio-demography, anthropometry, fat mass free C-reactive protein. Data glucose during an oral tolerance test were used to assess (defined as insulinogenic index...
Longitudinal research on chronic kidney disease (CKD) in sub-Saharan Africa is sparse, especially among people living with HIV (PLWH). We evaluated the incidence of CKD PLWH compared HIV-uninfected controls Tanzania. Prospective cohort study. A total 495 newly diagnosed who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 505 adults enrolled from public clinics followed 2016-2021. The control group was recruited treatment partners same clinics. Untreated (at baseline), ART, sociodemographic...
Higher nocturnal heart rate and lower variability (HRV) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease mortality. Longitudinal studies on HRV in people living HIV (PLWH) are lacking.
Abstract Background People Living with HIV (PLWH) have low levels of physical activity. Understanding perceptions, facilitators and barriers activity in this population is importance for future perspectives developing contextual based intervention to improve PLWH. Method This study explored PLWH using sixteen in-depth interviews three focus group discussions conducted Mwanza, Tanzania. The were audio recorded, transcribed translated into English. Transcripts coded analysed deductively...