A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted multi-user downlink communication system over fading channels is investigated, where both non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and orthogonal (OMA) schemes are employed. In particular, the time overhead for configuring RIS reflective elements at beginning of each channel considered. The optimization goal maximizing effective throughput entire transmission period by jointly optimizing phase shift power allocation AP block. an effort to...

A novel framework is proposed for cellular offloading with the aid of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), while non-orthogonal access (NOMA) technique employed at each UAV to further improve spectrum efficiency wireless network. The optimization problem joint three-dimensional (3D) trajectory design and power allocation formulated maximizing throughput. Since ground mobile users are considered as roaming continuously, UAVs need be re-deployed timely based on movement users. In an...

A simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) assisted multi-user downlink multiple-input single-output (MISO) communication system is investigated. In contrast to the existing ideal STAR-RIS model assuming an independent transmission reflection phase-shift control, a practical coupled considered. Then, joint active passive beamforming optimization problem formulated for minimizing long-term power consumption, subject constraint minimum data rate...

Lung cancer (LC) is the second-highest incidence and first-highest mortality worldwide. Early screening precise treatment of LC have been research hotspots in this field. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has advantages many aspects widely used such as early diagnosis, differential classification, prognosis prediction. This study aims to analyze visualize history, current status, hotspots, development trends artificial field lung using bibliometric methods, predict future directions...

A novel framework of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs)-enhanced indoor wireless networks is proposed, where an RIS mounted on the robot invoked to enable mobility and enhance service quality for mobile users. Meanwhile, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques are adopted further increase spectrum efficiency since RISs capable providing NOMA with artificial controlled channel conditions, which can be seen as a beneficial operation condition obtain gains. To optimize sum rate...

Huayu Wan (HYW), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription widely used in the clinical treatment of advanced lung cancer, has been clinically proven to effectively inhibit progression pulmonary tumors and improve patients' quality life. However, its specific components potential anti-cancer molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To explore active ingredients HYW predict effective targets pathways against non-small cell cancer (NSCLC) using combination network pharmacology transcriptomics....

A novel simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) aided downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication framework is proposed. Two STAR-RIS protocols are investigated, namely the energy splitting (ES) mode switching (MS). However, since has a massive number of elements, passive beamforming problem enormous action dimensions extremely high complexity, resulting in an increased training time performance degradation for artificial...

A simultaneously transmitting and reflecting surface (STARS) enabled edge caching system is proposed for reducing backhaul traffic ensuring the quality of service. novel Caching-at-STARS structure, where a dedicated smart controller cache memory are installed at STARS, to satisfy user demands with fewer hops desired channel conditions. Then, joint replacement information-centric hybrid beamforming optimization problem formulated minimizing network power consumption. As long-term decision...

A communication enabled indoor intelligent robots (IRs) service framework is proposed, where non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique adopted to enable highly reliable communications. In cooperation with the ultramodern channel model recently proposed by International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Lego modeling method which can deterministically describe layout and state in order construct radio map. The investigated map invoked as a virtual environment train reinforcement learning...

Numerous studies have revealed that the abnormal expression of pyroptosis-related genes is closely related to prognosis lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD); however, a comprehensive analysis has yet be conducted. This study aimed reveal influence on LUAD and establish prognostic model based those genes, in order evaluate LUAD.The data tumor normal samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Differential was used identify (obtained GeneCards...

In this paper, we propose a novel interference-suppressed semantic-aware non-orthogonal multiple access (IS-SNOMA) framework for downlink image transmission in the communication networks. The proposed IS-SNOMA is able to mitigate inter-user interference semantic-oriented users (SU) or coexistence of SUs and bit-oriented (BU). 1) For homogeneous semantic streams, pair difference (SeD) aware transceivers accommodate over same resource block. A SeD-aware superposition coding (SeDSC) technique...

A multi-user heterogeneous semantic communication (SemCom) and bit (BitCom) system is investigated. Each user can be served via either SemCom or BitCom for demanding data. Orthogonal/non-orthogonal multiple access (OMA/NOMA) techniques are employed to provide users. Channel-based demand-based transmission protocols proposed, where a joint optimization problem of the mode selection, frequency bandwidth power allocation, NOMA pairing formulated maximize long-term (equivalent) throughput...

A novel framework of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs)-enhanced indoor wireless networks is proposed, where an RIS mounted on the robot invoked to enable mobility and enhance service quality for mobile users. Meanwhile, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques are adopted further increase spectrum efficiency since RISs capable provide NOMA with artificial controlled channel conditions, which can be seen as a beneficial operation condition obtain gains. To optimize sum rate...

A multi-user heterogeneous semantic and bit communication framework is proposed. An access point (AP) serves multiple users via either the (SemCom) or conventional (BitCom). Orthogonal (OMA) non-orthogonal (NOMA) techniques are employed for efficiently facilitating this network. long-term (equivalent) throughput maximization problem formulated jointly optimizing mode selection, NOMA user pairing scheme, corresponding resource allocation at each time slot. twin-delayed deep deterministic...

As an advanced version of the Internet Things (IoT), Everything (IoE) network enables massive access for users and machine-type devices. A surge in number connected devices results a stringent requirement multiple access. To meet this challenge, beamforming scheme downlink multiple-input single-output (MISO) transmission is investigated, where overloaded base station (BS) committed to serving every user. Due deficiency antennas, overload user equipment (OUE) needs ride on existing beam...

A novel framework is proposed for cellular offloading with the aid of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), while non-orthogonal access (NOMA) technique employed at each UAV to further improve spectrum efficiency wireless network. The optimization problem joint three-dimensional (3D) trajectory design and power allocation formulated maximizing throughput. In an effort solve this pertinent dynamic problem, a K-means based clustering algorithm first adopted periodically partitioning users....

A communication enabled indoor intelligent robots (IRs) service framework is proposed, where non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique adopted to enable highly reliable communications. In cooperation with the ultramodern channel model recently proposed by International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Lego modeling method which can deterministically describe layout and state in order construct radio map. The investigated map invoked as a virtual environment train reinforcement learning...

A conception of mobile edge generation (MEG) is proposed, where generative artificial intelligence (GAI) models are distributed at servers (ESs) and user equipment (UE), enabling joint execution tasks. Various deployment schemes the GAI model proposed to alleviate immense network load long queuing times for accessing models. Two MEG frameworks namely single-ES framework multi-ESs framework. 1) one-to-one between an ES a UE including four specific protocols. These protocols allow transmit...

Active travel is an essential component in intelligent transportation systems. Cycling, as a form of active travel, shares the road space with motorised traffic which often affects cyclists' safety and comfort therefore peoples' propensity to uptake cycling instead driving. This paper presents unique dataset, collected by cyclists across London, that includes video footage, accelerometer, GPS, gyroscope data. The dataset then labelled independent group London rank level each frame identify...