A5110620183- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Synthesis of Indole Derivatives
- Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center
1991-2009
Rockefeller University
1992-2009
New York University
1991-1996
Chinese University of Hong Kong
1991
University of California, Los Angeles
1989
Massachusetts General Hospital
1984
Harvard University
1984
We used the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/rhesus macaque model to study events that underlie sexual transmission of human type 1 (HIV-1). Four female rhesus macaques were inoculated intravaginally with SIVmac251, and then killed 2, 5, 7, 9 d later. A technique detected polymerase chain reaction-amplified SIV in situ showed first cellular targets for lamina propria cervicovaginal mucosa, immediately subjacent epithelium. Phenotypic localization studies demonstrated many infected cells...
The rate of clinical progression is variable among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Changes in viral burden which correlate disease status have been demonstrated cross-sectional studies; however, a detailed longitudinal study the temporal relationship between burden, CD4+ T-cell numbers, and throughout course infection has not reported. Multiple blood samples were obtained from four HIV-1-infected clinically divergent profiles. Levels HIV-1 measured...
To explore the mechanism of sexual transmission human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), we compared HIV-1 gp120 sequences in longitudinal samples from five acute seroconvertors with those their corresponding partners (transmitters). We used a quantitative homoduplex tracking assay to compare overall genetic composition quasispecies each pair and track transmitted viruses during asymptomatic stages infection. In chronically infected transmitters, variants genital secretions differed...
We studied the effects of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) on endothelial cells in vitro. During cocultivation with an HTLV-I producer cell line (C91/PL), formed characteristic multinucleated syncytial giant cells. Inoculation concentrated cell-free supernatant fluid from C91/PL cultures produced similar cytopathic effects, which were neutralized by pretreatment specific serum. antigens detected cytoplasm indirect immunofluorescence. When showed maximal changes, reverse...
Clinical deterioration in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease is associated with an increased viral burden the peripheral blood and a loss of circulating CD4+ T cells. HIV-1 isolates obtained prior to this stage often have "slow-low," non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) phenotype, whereas those afterwards are characterized as "rapid-high" syncytium inducing (SI). Paired NSI SI from two different patients were inoculated into thymus implants SCID-hu mice. The slow-low, replicated...
To define the domains in envelope glycoprotein important for antibody neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated by immunizing mice with purified gp120 IIIB isolate. One mAb, G3-4, reacted homologous (IIIB) and heterologous (RF) isolates. In addition, mAb G3-4 efficiently neutralized both RF viruses vitro, as well four nine primary HIV-1 competition immunoassays, soluble CD4 found to inhibit one another binding gp120. However,...
We describe a peptide vaccine model based on the mimicry of surface coat protein pathogen. This used macromolecular assemblage approach to amplify antigens in liposomes or micelles. The key components consisted an oligomeric lysine scaffolding covalently 4-fold and lipophilic membrane-anchoring group further noncovalently many-fold liposomal micellar form. A antigen derived from third variable domain glycoprotein gp120 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), consisting neutralizing,...
A nonselective ex vivo assay was used to directly detect and quantify zidovudine (AZT)-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the blood of treated untreated patients. In contrast previous reports, drug-resistant detected peripheral mononuclear cells a few patients who had never received AZT. The AZT resistance HIV-1 isolates from one individual confirmed by further susceptibility studies vitro finding characteristic mutation (Lys-->Arg at codon 70) reverse transcriptase....
To investigate the process of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) evolution in vivo, a total 179 HIV-1 V3 sequences derived from cell-free plasma were determined serial samples three epidemiologically linked individuals (one infected blood donor and two transfusion recipients) over maximum period 8 years. A systematic analysis pairwise comparisons intrapatient sequences, both within between each sample time point, revealed preponderance accumulation nonsynonymous rather than...
We sought to determine the effects of different host cells on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro. First, 17 primary viruses various phenotypes were examined for replicative capacity peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC) from 10 healthy donors. While range was variable over a 40-fold range, it substantially less than that previously reported (L. M. Williams and W. Cloyd, Virology 184:723-728, 1991). In particular, no donor demonstrated total resistance HIV-1...
We analyzed by PCR and direct sequencing 57 viral sequences from 47 individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1, focussing on the V1 V2 regions of gp120. There was extensive length polymorphism in region, which rendered sequence alignment difficult. The hypervariable locus also displayed considerable variations, whereas flanking were relatively conserved. Two-thirds amino acid residues these highly conserved (> 80%), presumably reflecting their critical contribution to...
The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III/LAV) is a retrovirus associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. region on the viral genome that necessary for trans-activation of HTLV-III/LAV long terminal repeat called tatIII has previously been determined to lie between nucleotides 5365 and 5607. Here we report bacterial fusion protein containing amino acid sequences specified by first coding exon gene recognized some patient antisera. We also demonstrate lymphoid...
Multiple human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequences with deletions of NF-kappaB binding sites at both the 5' and 3' long terminal repeats (LTRs) were identified in serial samples collected from an infected individual. The effect this deletion on level transcription was studied by transient transfection LTR-driven luciferase reporter gene infection a full-length recombinant HIV-1 containing (HIVHXBluc). Detectable levels expression found systems, presence or absence viral...
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was isolated from the plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) each of 21 infected children. mean titers in were 7 165 tissue culture-infective doses per milliliter 9 children with asymptomatic (P-1) 12 symptomatic (P-2) infection, respectively (P = .0013). Significantly higher viral found PBMCs obtained P-2 compared P-1 children: 1920 vs 25 10(6) PBMC .0018). In patients at least 520 circulating harbored HIV-1. No correlation...
Open Access Oral presentation OA05-01. In vivo electroporation enhances the immunogenicity of ADVAX, a DNA-based HIV-1 vaccine candidate, in healthy volunteers S Vasan*1, A Hurley1, SJ Schlesinger1, D Hannaman2, DF Gardiner1, DP Dugin1, MM Boente-Carrera1, RM Vittorino1, M Caskey1, J Andersen1, Y Huang1, Cox3, T Tarragona3, DK Gill3, H Cheeseman3, L Clark3, Dally4, C Smith4, Schmidt3, Park3, E Sayeed3, Gilmour3, P Fast3, R Bernard2 and DD Ho1
Randomly sheared DNA fragments from HTLV-III proviral were cloned into an E. coli open reading frame (ORF) expression vector. The inserted ORF was expressed in transformants as a polypeptide fused to the lambda CI protein at amino terminus and beta-galactosidase carboxyl terminus. reactivity of recombinant peptides with antibodies sera AIDS patients determined by Western blot technique. coordinates inserts immunoreactive clones then sequencing. A clone, 628, found contain short segment...
Abstract Introduction Structural variants (SVs) of the nebulin gene ( NEB ), including intragenic duplications, deletions, and copy number variation triplicate region, are an established cause recessively inherited nemaline myopathies related neuromuscular disorders. Large deletions have been shown to dominantly distal myopathies. Here we provide overview 35 families with muscle disorders caused by such SVs in . Methods Using custom Comparative Genomic Hybridization arrays, exome sequencing,...