The Cas13a system has great potential in RNA interference and molecular diagnostic fields. However, lacking guidelines for crRNA design hinders practical applications of the editing single nucleotide polymorphism identification. This study posits that crRNAs with hairpin spacers improve specificity CRISPR/Cas13a (termed hs-CRISPR). Gibbs free energy analysis suggests hairpin-spacer (hs-crRNAs) suppress Cas13a's affinity to off-target RNA. A hepatitis B virus DNA genotyping platform is...

The CRISPR-Cas12a system has been widely applied to genome editing and molecular diagnostics. However, off-target cleavages false-positive results remain as major concerns in Cas12a practical applications. Herein, we propose a strategy by utilizing the 2'-O-methyl (2'-OMe) modified guide RNA (gRNA) promote Cas12a's specificity. Gibbs free energy analysis demonstrates that 2'-OMe modifications at 3'-end of gRNA effectively suppress overall non-specific affinity while maintaining high...

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is important for promoting skin repair and remodeling. Native collagen also widely used as a scaffold tissue engineering. The limitations of EGF include easy decomposition or inactivation, whereas native immunogenic has poor solubility. Therefore, we constructed freeze-dried dressing based on the recombinant human-like (RHC) to act carrier (RHC/EGF dressing) promote wound closure. Here, that combined RHC significantly enhanced proliferation, adhesion, spreading...

Abstract Mass cytometry, also called cytometry by time‐of‐flight (CyTOF), is an emerging powerful proteomic analysis technique that utilizes metal chelated polymer (MCP) as mass tags for interrogating high‐dimensional biomarkers simultaneously on millions of individual cells. However, under the typical polymer‐based tag system, sensitivity and multiplexing detection ability has been highly restricted. Herein, a new structure based nanometal organic framework (NMOF) reported multiparameter...

Resorption and loss of alveolar bone leads to oral dysfunction natural or implant teeth. Biomimetic delivery growth factors based on stem cell recruitment osteogenic differentiation, as the key steps in regenerative process, has been an area intense research recent years. A mesoporous self-healing hydrogel (DFH) with basic fibroblast factor (bFGF) entrapment transforming β3 (TGFβ3) - loaded chitosan microspheres (CMs) was developed. The formulation optimized by multiple tests self-healing,...

Ligusticum chuanxiong ('chuanxiong') is a traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing stasis, which often used to treat thrombotic diseases. However, its potential anticoagulant active ingredients have been unexplored.The study aims establish an affinity ultrafiltration mass spectrometry (AUF-MS) method rapid screening of anti-thrombin components verify it in vitro.In this study, the chemical constituents different parts were determined. A by AUF-MS was...

Abstract Nowadays, the main obstacle for further miniaturization and integration of nucleic acids point‐of‐care testing devices is lack low‐cost high‐performance heating materials supporting reliable amplification. Herein, reduced graphene oxide hybridized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes nano‐circuit integrated into an ingenious paper‐based heater developed, which a analytical device (named HiPAD). The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2...

Abstract Aims In this study, the control effects of synthetic microbial communities composed peanut seed bacteria against aflatoxin contamination caused by Aspergillus flavus and root rot Fusarium oxysporum were evaluated. Methods results Potentially conserved (C), growth-promoting (S), combined (CS) seeds constructed after 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing, strain isolation, measurement plant growth promotion indicators. Three showed resistance to CS had best effect inoculating into seedlings....

Microneedle permits transdermal biosensing and drug delivery with minor pain. However, accurate microneedle positioning minimal skin deformation remains a significant technical challenge due to inhomogeneous topology discontinuous force applied the microneedle. Here, we introduce bioinspired rotation microneedles for in vivo as inspired by honeybees' stingers. We demonstrate benefits of alleviating resistance through finite element analysis, full-thickness porcine validations, mathematical...

Abstract The boosting exploitation of graphene oxide (GO) increases exposure risk to human beings. However, as primary defender in the first immune line, neutrophils’ mechanism defensive behavior toward GO remains unclear. Herein, we discovered that neutrophils recognize and defensively degrade a lateral dimension dependent manner. micrometer‐sized (mGO) induces NETosis by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), while nanometer‐sized (nGO) elicits degranulation. two behaviors are...

Abstract The study investigated the effectiveness of EDN1 and EDN3 cytokines in differentiation melanocytes from hESCs. findings showed that 100 nM was more effective promoting hESC to CD117+/TYR+ melanoblasts compared EDN3. Additionally, maintaining is beneficial for preserving ability proliferate. found 10 helped maintain proliferation without over maturing them into late stage differentiation. Thus, using initial proved be an efficient cost‐effective method obtaining hESC‐derived...

Protein coating is a strategy for modifying and improving the surface functional properties of nanomaterials.

Credit assignment is a critical problem in cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). To address this problem, current studies mainly rely on the intrinsic reward, which directly summed with global reward to generate total reward. However, such kinds of functions ignore dependence among agents and inevitably limit adaptivity effectiveness MARL methods. In paper, we propose novel method, Attention-based Intrinsic Reward Mixing Network (AIRMN), for credit MARL. Specifically, design...

Autologous cultured epithelium grafting (ACEG) presents a promising treatment for refractory vitiligo, yet concerns regarding infections and immunological reactions hinder its surgical use due to serum feeder dependencies. Addressing this, we culture autologous under serum- feeder-free (SFF) conditions, comparing safety efficacy with feeder-dependent (SFD) conditions in stable vitiligo patients, discover no significant differences repigmentation between the SFF SFD grafts. Single-cell RNA...

In 3D integration, die stacking together with underfilling by capillary-type underfill are the principal processes within whole conventional assembly process. How to integrate and shorten total process steps during increase die-stacking yield especially for thin stack improve throughput that can meet requirement from industry will be a crucial issue. this investigation, we proposed high adhesive bonding scheme using wafer-level material die-to-interposer 30μm-pitch micro interconnections....

Patients with a skull defect are at risk of developing cerebrospinal fluid leakage and ascending bacterial meningitis >10% per year. However, treatment stem cells has brought great hope to large-area cranial defects. Having found that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 can promote the osteogenic differentiation human periodontal ligament (hPDLSCs), we designed hybrid TGF-β3/recombinant human-like collagen recombinant collagen/chitosan (CS) freeze-dried sponge (TRFS) loading hPDLSCs...

Insulator is a key insulating device. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, traditional manual inspection has been gradually replaced by image technology. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved algorithm based on YOLOv5 for detecting burst position lightweight insulators. Firstly, redundant convolutional layers are deleted and channels clipped to make model occupy less memory. Secondly, adaptive attention modules added between adjacent residual network feature...

Sensitive skin (SS) is easily irritated by various environmental stimuli, and epidemiological surveys surprisingly find that self-perceived SS widespread worldwide.To investigate whether linked to changes in the bacterial population using 16S rRNA sequencing bioinformatic analysis.According both Huaxi Questionnaire Lactic Acid Stimulation Test, 60 female volunteers Guangzhou were classified into normal (NS) groups. Skin barrier parameters assessed CK tester. The DNA of flora on facial...

Researches on drug delivery system (DDS) have made incredible progress, but there are still problems such as insufficient targeting and undesirable treatment efficiency. To improve the above problems, a stem cell-based DDS was developed. Stem cell its derivatives (cell membranes, extracellular vesicles/exosomes) been used important vehicles in of number human key diseases, genetic cancer so on. For cells highly express chemokine receptors CCR2 CXCR4, which can specifically bind to chemokines...

The carbonated reactive magnesia (CRM) method is superior in energy conservation, carbon capture, and rapid solidification soil improvement. It has been revealed that CRM could cause apparent volumetric expansion during carbonation, which may compaction impact on the surrounding soils when used for soft foundation However, this hasn't discussed systematically. In study, evolutions of stress (σEx) (ΔV) carbonation process were successfully monitored. Two factors, including MgO content (Cm)...