A5067504948- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalysis
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
- Crystallography and molecular interactions
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Organic Chemistry Cycloaddition Reactions
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Synthesis and Reactions of Organic Compounds
- Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
- Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Synthesis and Characterization of Heterocyclic Compounds
- Coordination Chemistry and Organometallics
- Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Photopolymerization techniques and applications
- Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds
TU Wien
2015-2025
Austrian Economics Center
2014-2019
State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
2005
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava
2004
University of Vienna
1996-2002
The ubiquitous filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum causes the important disease head blight on various species of cereals, leading to contamination grains with mycotoxins. In a survey F. (sensu stricto) wheat in North America several novel strains were isolated, which produced none known trichothecene mycotoxins despite causing normal symptoms. rice cultures, new mycotoxin (named NX-2) was characterized by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Nuclear magnetic resonance...
Trichothecenes are a major group of toxins produced by phytopathogenic fungi, including Fusarium graminearum. inhibit protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells and toxicologically relevant mycotoxins for humans animals. Because they promote plant disease, the role host responses to trichothecene accumulation is considered be an important aspect defense resistance fungal infection. Our overall objective was examine barley response application type B deoxynivalenol (DON). We found that DON diluted...
RATIONALE Mycotoxins regularly occur in food worldwide and pose serious health risks to consumers. Since individuals can be exposed a variety of these toxic secondary metabolites fungi at the same time, there is demand for proper analytical methods assess human exposure by suitable biomarkers. METHODS This study reports on development liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI‐MS/MS) method quantitative measurement 15 mycotoxins key urine using polarity...
Zearalenone (ZON) is a potent estrogenic mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species most frequently on maize and therefore can be found in food animal feed. Since production performance negatively affected the presence of ZON, its detoxification contaminated plant material or by-products bioethanol would advantageous. Microbial biotransformation into nontoxic metabolites one promising approach. In this study main transformation product ZON formed yeast Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans was...
Acylgermanes have been shown to act as efficient photoinitiators. In this investigation we show how dibenzoyldiethylgermane 1 reacts upon photoexcitation. Our real-time utilizes femto- and nanosecond transient absorption, time-resolved EPR (50 ns), photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization, DFT calculations, GC-MS analysis. The benzoyldiethylgermyl radical G• is formed via the triplet state of parent 1. On time scale can recombine or undergo hydrogen-transfer reactions. Radical...
This paper reports the identification of a barley UDP-glucosyltransferase, HvUGT14077, which is able to convert estrogenic Fusarium mycotoxin zearalenone into near-equimolar mixture known masked zearalenone-14-O-β-glucoside and new glucose conjugate, zearalenone-16-O-β-glucoside. Biocatalytical production using engineered yeast expressing HvUGT14077 gene allowed structural elucidation this compound. The purified zearalenone-16-O-β-glucoside was used as an analytical calibrant in...
Fusarium Head Blight is a disease of cereal crops that causes severe yield losses and mycotoxin contamination grain. The main causal pathogen, graminearum, produces the trichothecene toxins deoxynivalenol or nivalenol as virulence factors. Nivalenol-producing isolates are most prevalent in Asia but co-exist with producers lower frequency North America Europe. Previous studies identified barley UDP-glucosyltransferase, HvUGT13248, efficiently detoxifies deoxynivalenol, when expressed...
We report the identification of deoxynivalenol-3-sulfate and deoxynivalenol-15-sulfate as two novel metabolites trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol in wheat. Wheat ears which were either artificially infected with Fusarium graminearum or directly treated major toxin (DON) sampled 96 h after treatment. Reference standards, have been chemically synthesized confirmed by NMR, used to establish a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization (LC-ESI)-MS/MS-based "dilute shoot" method for...
An improved procedure for large-scale and also commercially viable preparation of dimethyldioxirane (DMDO), a common widely used oxidation agent in organic synthesis, was developed using conventional laboratory plant. All reaction parameters were optimized, the stability freshly prepared solution DMDO acetone monitored over an extended period time to ensure long-term use after preparation, transport, storage. This discontinuous approach, suitable batch processing, is interest basically...
The coordination properties of a previously described fluorescence active ligand (L), consisting coordinating unit (1H-tetrazol-1-yl) and fluorophore (4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) derivative) towards Ag(i) were investigated. Additionally, the influence different anions (BF4 -, PF6 PF2O2 ClO4 ReO4 - NO3 -) co-ligand (CH3CN) on crystal structure formation intramolecular interactions compounds was studied. Beside structural investigations via single X-ray diffraction,...
Reduction of the Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in animal feed by treatment with sodium bisulfite and metabisulfite has been successfully demonstrated several studies. All them reported formation one DON sulfonate strongly reduced toxicity compared to DON. The starting point present work was investigation different sulfur reagents for reduction In course these experiments, three sulfonates termed 1 (1), 2 (2), 3 (3) were identified structurally elucidated UHPLC–HRMS/MS as well NMR...
The impact of planarization triarylamine donors on thermal, photo-physical and electro-chemical properties novel materials is examined with regard to PHOLED applications.
A green one-pot hydrothermal route quantitatively generates high-purity fluorescence bisimide dyes without the need for catalysts or organic solvents.
The Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is a frequent contaminant of cereal-based food and feed. Mammals metabolize DON by conjugation to glucuronic acid (GlcAc), the extent regioselectivity which species-dependent. So far, only DON-3-glucuronide (DON-3-GlcAc) DON-15-GlcAc have been unequivocally identified as mammalian glucuronides, DON-7-GlcAc has proposed further metabolite. In present work, qualitative HPLC-MS/MS analysis urine samples animals treated with (rats: 2 mg/kg bw, single...
Glucuronidation is a major phase II conjugation pathway in mammals, playing an important role the detoxification and biotransformation of xenobiotics including mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON). Culmorin (CUL), potentially co-occurring Fusarium metabolite, was recently found to inhibit corresponding reaction plants, namely DON-glucoside formation, raising question whether CUL might affect also mammalian counterpart. Using cell-free conditions, when present equimolar (67 µM) or fivefold...
A series of nine soluble, symmetric chalcogenophenes bearing hexyl-substituted triphenylamines, indolocarbazoles, or phenylcarbazoles was designed and synthesized as potential two-photon absorption (2PA) initiators. detailed photophysical analysis these molecules revealed good 2PA properties the and, in particular, a strong influence selenium on cross sections, rendering materials especially promising new photoinitiators. Structuring threshold tests proved efficiency broad spectral...
Fumonisins are carcinogenic mycotoxins that frequently found as natural contaminants in maize from warm climate regions around the world. The aminotransferase FumI is encoded part of a gene cluster Sphingopyxis sp. MTA144, which enables this bacterial strain to degrade fumonisin B(1) and related fumonisins. catalyzes deamination first intermediate catabolic pathway, hydrolyzed B(1). We used preparation purified, His-tagged FumI, produced recombinantly Escherichia coli soluble form, for...
Trichothecene mycotoxins are prevalent toxic secondary metabolic products of several fungal species and pose a serious threat to human animal health. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is known undergo rapid metabolisation after uptake. The formed glucuronides urinary excreted could therefore serve as possible biomarkers for daily uptake measurement. So far exposure the major toxin DON was estimated from dietary average intake or by measurement parent hydrolysis. These approaches indirect time-consuming....