A5060601295- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Nausea and vomiting management
- Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hiccups
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
- Pharmacy and Medical Practices
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies
- Microscopic Colitis
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Pediatric Hepatobiliary Diseases and Treatments
Takeda (United States)
2020-2024
Takeda (Japan)
2022
Research Triangle Park Foundation
2008-2017
GlaxoSmithKline (United States)
2008-2017
GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)
2007-2014
GlaxoSmithKline (India)
2011
Addenbrooke's Hospital
2009-2010
Digestive Health Research Institute
2004
Ann Arbor VA Medical Center
2004
University of Michigan
2004
Background: We aimed to determine the incidence of enteral feed intolerance and factors associated with assess influence on nutrition clinical outcomes. Methods : conducted a retrospective analysis data from an international observational cohort study practices among 167 intensive care units (ICUs). Data were collected adequacy, ventilator‐free days (VFDs), ICU stay, 60‐day mortality. Intolerance was defined as interruption (EN) due gastrointestinal (GI) reasons (large gastric residuals,...
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder seen in primary care practice. The symptoms of IBS, including abdominal pain, discomfort, and abnormal function, may be modulated by activity the serotonin type 3 receptor (5-HT(3)). efficacy tolerability 5-HT(3) antagonist alosetron hydrochloride nonconstipated female patients with IBS were evaluated double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Patients received either 1 mg (n = 309) or placebo 317) twice daily for...
Summary Background Anxiety, depression and nongastrointestinal symptoms are often prominent in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but their relative value patient management has not been quantitatively assessed. We modified the Patient Health Questionnaire 15 (PHQ‐15) by excluding three gastrointestinal items to create PHQ‐12 Somatic Symptom (PHQ‐12 SS) scale. Aims To compare of SS scale with Hospital Anxiety Depression (HAD) predicting behaviour IBS diverticular disease. Methods compared 151...
<h3>Objectives</h3> The postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) suggests that impaired resolution of inflammation could cause IBS symptoms. authors hypothesised polymorphisms in genes whose expression were altered by gastroenteritis might be linked to with diarrhoea (IBS-D) which closely resembles PI-IBS. <h3>Design</h3> <i>Part 1</i>: 25 healthy volunteers (HVs), 21 patients 6 months after <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> infection, 37 IBS-D and 19 constipation (IBS-C) underwent rectal...
OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of enteral feed intolerance, identify factors associated with and assess relationship between intolerance key nutritional clinical outcomes in critically ill patients. DESIGN: Analysis International Nutrition Survey database collected prospectively from 2007 to 2014. SETTING: Seven-hundred eighty-five ICUs around world. PATIENTS: Mechanically ventilated adults ICU stay greater than or equal 72 hours received nutrition during first 12 days....
To assess long-term safety and efficacy of alosetron in women with severe, chronic diarrhea-predominant IBS a subset having more frequent urgency (i.e., bowel at least 10 14 days during screening).Randomized patients received either 1 mg (n = 351) or placebo 363) twice daily 48-wk, double-blind study. The primary endpoint was the 48-wk average rate adequate relief pain discomfort. Secondary endpoints included satisfactory control rates urgency, stool frequency, consistency, bloating. Other...
BACKGROUND A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled dose-ranging study was conducted to assess the efficacy of alosetron in men with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS Six hundred and sixty-two were randomized treatment 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mg, or placebo twice daily for 12 wk, followed by a 4-wk posttreatment period. Adequate relief IBS pain discomfort during week 5–12 phase primary endpoint; secondary endpoints included urgency, stool frequency, consistency,...
Alterations in corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling pathways have been implicated irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology. We aimed to (1) determine the effect of selective CRF receptor 1 antagonist (CRF ) GW876008 relative placebo, on regional activation and effective connectivity a stress-related emotional–arousal circuit during expectation abdominal pain using functional magnetic resonance imaging human subjects with diagnosis IBS healthy controls (HCs), (2) examine...
Background: Functional dyspepsia is characterized by upper abdominal pain or discomfort. Aim: To assess the benefit of 5‐HT 3 ‐receptor antagonist alosetron in a pilot, dose‐ranging, placebo‐controlled, multicentre, randomized clinical trial. Methods: A total 320 functional patients received placebo ( n =81), 0.5 mg b.d. =77), 1.0 =79) 2.0 =83) for 12 weeks, followed 1 week follow‐up. Primary efficacy was 12‐week average rate adequate relief Secondary endpoints assessed and gastrointestinal...
The complex genetic aetiology underlying irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) needs to be assessed in large-scale studies. Two independent IBS cohorts were genotyped assess whether variability immune, neuronal and barrier integrity genes is associated with IBS.384 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering 270 an exploratory cohort (935 patients, 639 controls). 33 SNPs Puncorrected<0.05 validated set of 497 patients 887 controls. Genotype distributions using additive model clinical subtypes,...
Study Objective . To compare the frequency, severity, and time course of venous irritation after administration a single intravenous dose phenytoin with an equimolar fosphenytoin, water‐soluble prodrug. Design Randomized, double‐blind, two‐period, crossover study. Setting University hospital clinical research unit. Patients Twelve healthy volunteers within 15% ideal body weight no clinically significant abnormalities on physical examination, medical history, or laboratory assessment....
The promotility agents currently available to treat gastroparesis and feed intolerance in the critically ill are limited by adverse effects. aim of this study was assess pharmacodynamic effects pharmacokinetics single doses novel gastric agent motilin agonist camicinal (GSK962040) feed-intolerant patients.A prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, performed mechanically ventilated patients [median age 55 (19-84), 73 % male, APACHE II score 18 (5-37) with a...
Summary Background Gastroparesis is defined by delayed gastric emptying with associated symptoms in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Aim To evaluate pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics felcisetrag, a highly selective 5‐HT 4 receptor agonist, on total gut transit patients documented solids. Methods Single‐centre, placebo‐controlled study 36 participants receiving placebo, 0.1mg, 0.3mg or 1.0mg felcisetrag I.V. infusion, daily, for 3 days. At baseline, each participant completed 4h,...
Eighty-six patients who required heparin therapy were randomly assigned to receive bovine or porcine heparin. Abnormal concentrations of alanine transaminase and aspartate developed during treatment in 59.3% 26.7% patients, respectively. Patient characteristics that significantly influenced the development abnormal male sex higher baseline enzyme values. Transaminase returned normal 80% after was discontinued 20% therapy. Analysis all 86 showed 95% had some increase enzymes treatment. Mean...
Pruritus (itch) is a symptom commonly experienced by patients with cholestatic liver diseases such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC, previously referred to cirrhosis). Bile acids (BAs) have been proposed potential pruritogens in PBC. The ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT) protein expressed the distal ileum plays key role enterohepatic circulation of BAs. Pharmacological inhibition IBAT GSK2330672 may reduce BA levels systemic and improve pruritus.This clinical study (BAT117213 study)...
Here we have investigated the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of single doses camicinal in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients with a history slow gastric emptying symptoms consistent gastroparesis.In randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, incomplete block, three-period, two-centre crossover study, received oral administration placebo two three possible (25, 50 or 125 mg). Gastric ((13) C-octanoic acid breath test), pharmacokinetics were primary outcomes.Nine 10...
Abstract Inhibition of kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) protects against multiple organ dysfunction (MODS) in experimental acute pancreatitis (AP). We aimed to precisely define the pathway activation relation AP and AP-MODS humans, by carrying out a prospective observational study all persons presenting with potential diagnosis for 90 days. sampled peripheral venous blood at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 168 hours post-recruitment. measured tryptophan metabolite concentrations analysed these...
Gastroparesis is a chronic gastric motility disorder. Dopamine D2 /D3 receptor antagonists metoclopramide and domperidone are current treatment options but associated with central nervous system cardiovascular safety concerns, respectively, precluding use. Trazpiroben (TAK-906), dopamine antagonist, under development for of moderate-to-severe gastroparesis. Nonclinical data suggest trazpiroben will have antagonism comparable or domperidone.To evaluate the safety, tolerability,...
Ondansetron is primarily eliminated via hepatic metabolism; thus, liver disease may affect its clearance. The pharmacokinetics of ondansetron in patients with different degrees insufficiency (N = 12 impairment, as categorized by Pugh's classification method) were assessed and the results compared for age‐ gender‐matched control subjects normal function (n 12). A secondary objective was to correlate Pugh method assessing impairment quantitative metabolic markers used assess (antipyrine...
Abstract Visceral hypersensitivity is important in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome and thus a target for modulation drug development. Neurokinin (NK) receptors, including NK 3 are expressed motor sensory systems digestive tract. The aim this study was to compare effects two different doses (25 100 mg) receptor antagonist, talnetant (SB223412) with placebo on rectal function compliance healthy volunteers studied at centres. Rectal barostat tests were performed 102 volunteers,...