A5086705137- International Law and Human Rights
- Human Rights and Development
- Global Peace and Security Dynamics
- Judicial and Constitutional Studies
- International Law and Aviation
- Political Philosophy and Ethics
- War, Ethics, and Justification
- Political Conflict and Governance
- Ombudsman and Human Rights
- Torture, Ethics, and Law
- Legal Issues in South Africa
- Military and Defense Studies
- Conflict of Laws and Jurisdiction
- Corporate Governance and Law
- Social Policy and Reform Studies
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Corporate Law and Human Rights
- International Arbitration and Investment Law
- LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Health and Conflict Studies
- African Sexualities and LGBTQ+ Issues
- International Relations and Foreign Policy
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
2023-2024
San Diego State University
2023
Utah State University
2021
East Carolina University
2020
New York Law School
2002-2018
New York University
2003-2018
American University
2015
Washington College
2015
Boston University
2015
Emory University
2015
Impaired cerebral glucose metabolism is a pathologic feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with recent proteomic studies highlighting disrupted glial in AD. We report that inhibition indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), which metabolizes tryptophan to kynurenine (KYN), rescues hippocampal memory function mouse preclinical models AD by restoring astrocyte metabolism. Activation astrocytic IDO1 amyloid β and tau oligomers increases KYN suppresses glycolysis an aryl hydrocarbon...
Do human rights treaties improve conditions on the ground? In end, this critical question is empirical in character. The effectiveness of any regulatory strategy turns whether its rules and institutions actually mitigate problems they are designed to address. Although questions require study, bad data worse than no data. a recent Professor Oona Hathaway purports quantify effect treaty ratification violations. Her findings striking. She contends that associated with practices (when other...
In earlier work, we argue that acculturation is a distinct social process by which international law influences states and human rights might harness this mechanism in designing effective global regimes. article, consider an important objection to our work. The concern whether institutionalizes non-compliance. growing body of empirical evidence for global-level acculturation, part, documents persistent forms decoupling – suggesting formal commitments culture often fail change concrete...
A continuing debate in international human rights law concerns the result of invalid reservations to multilateral treaties. The cardinal rule holds that a reservation cannot be incompatible with object and purpose treaty. Yet normative puzzle remains: what legal remedy should follow determination invalidity reservation? Leading commentators have discussed limited set options. Three choices can identified:
The legal status of humanitarian intervention poses a profound challenge to the future global order. central question is easy formulate but notoriously difficult answer: Should international law permit states intervene militarily stop genocide or comparable atrocity without Security Council authorization? That has acquired even greater significance in wake military interventions Kosovo and Iraq, nonintervention Sudan. Concerted deliberation on these issues, however, reached an impasse. A key...
Since September 11, 2001, legal experts have focused significant attention on the lethal targeting of individuals by both George W. Bush and Obama administrations. An equally legacy post-9/11 administrations, however, may be decisions to target specific kinds objects. Those greatly affect success U.S. efforts win ongoing conflicts, such as conflict with Islamic State Iraq Levant (ISIL). These also become precedents for military attacks that states consider lawful, whether carried out cyber...
In the USA, many states, including Colorado, have increased criminal penalties for illicit opioid possession, which may alter overdose risk. We aimed to evaluate relationship between Colorado's drug-related legal penalties, risk of overdose, and substance use patterns. used concept mapping — a mixed-methods approach develop conceptual understanding an issue from community lens engage with people living and/or lived experience system, use, their loved ones, service providers. facilitated...
In the armed conflict between United States and Al Qaeda, legality of government's detention scheme has been mired in confusion. The lack clarity is especially acute with respect to substantive criteria for defining who may be detained. A crucial determinant lawfulness whether international humanitarianlaw (IHL) permits preventive civilians, or particular groups civilians. addressing that issue, leading lawmakers, litigators, adjudicators have misconstrued misappropriated aspects IHL regime....
In the past 20 years, enzymatic conversions have been intensely examined as a practical and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional organocatalytic for chemicals pharmaceutical intermediate production. Out of all commercial enzymes, more than one-fourth are oxidoreductases that operate in tandem with coenzymes, typically nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or phosphate (NADPH). Enzymes utilize coenzymes source electrons, protons, holes. Unfortunately, can be exorbitant;...
Social norms scholarship offers various conceptual models for understanding law's capacity to produce or inhibit particular behaviors.The current literature, however, has inadequately attended either testing these theories through empirical research studying ancillary effects on social structure and individuals' lives.In response, this Article undertakes an study of the unenforced criminal law: sodomy statutes.The examines constitutive impact laws have individual identity, relations,...
Since September 11, the United States has mobilized enormous military, political, and legal resources to combat threat of terrorism. This paper examines one component these efforts: civil suits for acts We analyze current U.S. law governing actions against terrorists, consider strengths weaknesses such actions, propose alternative reforms. The proceeds in four parts. Part I describes central pivot around which doctrinal issues turn - problem state action. II analyzes litigation alleged...
Social norms scholarship offers various conceptual models for understanding law's capacity to produce or inhibit particular behaviors. The current literature, however, has inadequately attended either testing these theories through empirical research studying ancillary effects on social structure and individuals' lives. In response, this Article undertakes an study of the unenforced criminal law: sodomy statutes. examines constitutive impact laws have individual identity, relations,...
Do human rights treaties improve conditions on the ground? In end, this critical question is empirical in character. The effectiveness of any regulatory strategy turns whether its rules and institutions actually mitigate problems they are designed to address. Although questions require study, bad data worse than no data. a recent Professor Oona Hathaway purports quantify effect treaty ratification violations. Her findings striking. She contends that associated with practices (when other...
Impaired cerebral glucose metabolism is a pathologic feature of Alzheimer Disease (AD), and recent proteomic studies highlight disruption glial carbohydrate with disease progression. Here, we report that inhibition indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), which metabolizes tryptophan to kynurenine (KYN) in the first step pathway, rescues hippocampal memory function plasticity preclinical models amyloid tau pathology by restoring astrocytic metabolic support neurons. Activation IDO1 astrocytes...