Human early visual cortex was traditionally thought to process simple features such as orientation, contrast, and spatial frequency via feedforward input from the lateral geniculate nucleus (e.g., [1Spillmann L. Phenomenology neurophysiological correlations: two approaches perception research.Vision Res. 2009; 49: 1507-1521Crossref PubMed Scopus (48) Google Scholar]). However, role of nonretinal influence on is so far insufficiently investigated despite much evidence that feedback...

Complex natural sounds, such as bird singing, people talking, or traffic noise, induce decodable fMRI activation patterns in early visual cortex of sighted blindfolded participants [1]. That is, receives non-visual and potentially predictive information from audition. However, it is unclear whether the transfer auditory to areas an epiphenomenon imagery or, alternatively, driven by mechanisms independent experience. Here, we show that can decode sounds activity "visual" congenitally blind...

Traditionally, the visual enumeration of a small number items (1 to about 4), referred as subitizing, has been thought parallel and pre-attentive process functionally different from serial attentive larger numerosities. We tested this hypothesis by employing dual task paradigm that systematically manipulated attentional resources available an task. Enumeration accuracy for numerosities was severely decreased more were taken away numerical task, challenging traditionally held notion...

Abstract Several recent behavioral studies have shown that the enumeration of a small number items (a process termed subitizing) depends on availability attentional resources and is not preattentive as previously thought. Here we studied neural correlates visual under different loads in dual-task paradigm using fMRI. Relatively intact subitizing low load compared to impaired high was associated with an increase BOLD signal right temporo-parietal junction (rTPJ). Crucially, attentionally...

Given the vast amount of sensory information brain has to deal with, predicting some this based on current context is a resource-efficient strategy. The framework predictive coding states that higher-level areas generate model be communicated via feedback connections early areas. Here, we directly tested necessity visual area, V5, in processing an apparent motion paradigm. We flashed targets trace in-time or out-of-time with predicted illusory token. As previous studies, found predictable...

Abstract Predictive coding theories propose that the brain creates internal models of environment to predict upcoming sensory input. Hierarchical predictive vision postulate higher visual areas generate predictions inputs and feed them back early cortex. In V1, do not match lead amplified activation, but does this amplification process dynamically update new retinotopic locations with eye-movements? We investigated effect eye-movements in feedback using functional imaging eye-tracking whilst...

Whether high-level properties of stimuli rendered invisible by interocular competition can influence perception and behavior remains controversial. We studied whether suppressed symbolic nonsymbolic numerical elicit priming. First, we established that participants were objectively unable to discriminate prime when suppression them invisible. Next, asked enumerate a visible target set items after being exposed suppressed, (nonsymbolic or symbolic) set. Both unconsciously perceived primes...

Using fMRI decoding techniques we recently demonstrated that early visual cortex contains content-specific information from sounds in the absence of stimulation (Vetter, Smith & Muckli, Current Biology, 2014). Here studied whether emotional valence can be decoded during emotionally ambiguous stimulation. Participants viewed video clips which two point-light walkers interacted with each other, either neutrally (having a normal conversation) or negatively an argument). Videos were paired...

The ability to act quickly a threat is key skill for survival. Under awareness, threat-related emotional information, such as an angry or fearful face, has not only perceptual advantages but also guides rapid actions eye movements. Emotional information that suppressed from awareness still confers and attentional benefits. However, it unknown whether can directly guide actions, enter do so. We faces using continuous flash suppression tracked gaze position. successful suppression, indicated...

Listening to natural auditory scenes leads distinct neuronal activity patterns in the early visual cortex (EVC) of blindfolded sighted and congenitally blind participants.

Predicting visual information facilitates efficient processing of signals. Higher areas can support the incoming by generating predictive models that are fed back to lower areas. Functional brain imaging has previously shown predictions interact with input already at level primary cortex (V1; Harrison et al., 2007; Alink 2010). Given fixation changes up four times a second in natural viewing conditions, cortical effective V1 only if they time for next stimulus and corresponding new...

Abstract Chicken acidic leucine‐rich EGF‐like domain‐containing brain protein (CALEB), also known as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)5 or neuroglycan C, is a neural sulfate‐containing and epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐domain‐containing transmembrane that implicated in synaptic maturation. Here, we studied the role of CALEB within developing cerebellum. Adult ‐deficient mice displayed impaired motor coordination Rota‐Rod experiments. Analysis neuronal connectivity Purkinje cells by...

Motor actions, such as reaching or grasping, can be decoded from fMRI activity of early visual cortex (EVC) in sighted humans. This effect depend on vision imagery, alternatively, could driven by mechanisms independent experience. Here, we show that the actions different directions reliably EVC congenitally blind humans (both sexes). Thus, neither experience nor imagery is necessary for to represent action-related information. We also demonstrate that, within humans, accuracy reach direction...

The framework of predictive coding offers a parsimonious explanation for many perceptual phenomena. According to this framework, perception the outer world is created by comparison incoming sensory information with an internal model based on previous experience and context. However, it unclear whether predicted percept needs enter conscious awareness be effective. Here we used apparent motion paradigm show that while prediction may coincide, dissociation can observed. When provides reliable...

The human brain is sensitive to threat-related information even when we are not aware of this information. For example, fearful faces attract gaze in the absence visual awareness. Moreover, different sensory modalities interacts awareness, for detection suppressed stimuli facilitated by simultaneously presented congruent sounds or tactile stimuli. Here, combined these two lines research and investigated whether could facilitate processing images from awareness such that they eye gaze. We...

This paper is the continuation of a work presented at ICORR 07, in which we discussed possibility improving eye-hand coordination children diagnosed with this problem, using robotic mapping from haptic user interface to virtual environment. Our goal develop, implement and refine system that will assess improve grip strength poor graphomotor skills. A detailed analysis patters (e.g., labyrinths, letters angles) was conducted order select three very distinguishable levels difficulty could be...

A ‘Cognitive Map’ is an internal model of space upon which we can scaffold our judgments about the world. The question this GAC seeks to resolve whether V1 acts as a in humans? In answering question, goal connect Cognitive Science back Computational Neuroscience V1. There’s been raft suggestive evidence ‘cognitive’ processing over last 20 years, but comparatively little stepping and asking ‘what does it all mean?’ By contrast, not just link neural processes with computational principles,...