A5103190924- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
- Peripheral Nerve Disorders
- Potato Plant Research
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Trigeminal Neuralgia and Treatments
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Research in Cotton Cultivation
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Cervical and Thoracic Myelopathy
University of Maine
2017-2024
University of California, Davis
2004-2023
National Neuroscience Institute
2021
National University of Singapore
2021
Indiana University Bloomington
2011-2012
Washington University in St. Louis
2008-2012
Duke University
2011
Singapore General Hospital
2004-2007
Cultivated potato is a clonally propagated autotetraploid species with highly heterogeneous genome. Phased assemblies of six cultivars including two chromosome-scale phased genome revealed extensive allelic diversity, altered coding and transcript sequences, preferential allele expression, structural variation that collectively result in complex transcriptome predicted proteome, which are distributed across the homologous chromosomes. Wild contribute to diversity tetraploid cultivars,...
Preliminary work has shown that diffusion tensor MRI (DTI) may contribute to the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD).We conducted a large, prospective, case control study determine: (1) if fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent coefficient (ADC) values on DTI in basal ganglia substantia nigra are different between patients with PD healthy controls; (2) predictive value these parameters their clinical utility.DTI imaging was carried out controls. FA ADC were obtained from various brain...
The point of attachment spindle microtubules to metaphase chromosomes is known as the centromere. Plant and animal centromeres are epigenetically specified by a centromere-specific variant Histone H3, CENH3 (a.k.a. CENP-A). Unlike canonical histones that invariant, proteins accumulating substitutions at an accelerated rate. This diversification conundrum since its role key determinant centromere identity remains constant across species. Here, we ask whether naturally occurring divergence in...
Genome instability is associated with mitotic errors and cancer. This phenomenon can lead to deleterious rearrangements, but also genetic novelty, many questions regarding its genesis, fate evolutionary role remain unanswered. Here, we describe extreme chromosomal restructuring during genome elimination, a process resulting from hybridization of Arabidopsis plants expressing different centromere histones H3. Shattered chromosomes are formed the haploid inducer, consistent genomic...
The centromeric histone 3 variant (CENH3, aka CENP-A) is essential for the segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis and meiosis. To better define CENH3 functional constraints, we complemented a null allele in Arabidopsis with variety mutant alleles, each inducing single amino acid change conserved residues fold domain. Many these transgenic missense lines displayed wild-type growth fertility on self-pollination, but exhibited frequent post-zygotic death uniparental inheritance when...
CENH3 variation mediates parental centromere imbalance.
In eukaryotes, transcriptionally inactive loci are enriched within highly condensed heterochromatin. plants, as in mammals, the DNA of heterochromatin is densely methylated and wrapped by histones displaying a characteristic subset post-translational modifications. Growing evidence indicates that these chromatin modifications not sufficient for silencing. Instead, they prerequisites further assembly higher-order structures refractory to transcription but fully understood. We show silencing...
Abstract The American chestnut ( Castanea dentata ) was a dominant, foundational forest canopy tree in eastern North America until an imported blight (caused by Cryphonectria parasitica rendered it functionally extinct across its native range. Biotechnological approaches have the potential to help restore species, but field-based breeding advances are hampered long generation times, ≤50% transgene inheritance, and regulatory restrictions on outdoor of transgenic trees. Self-incompatibility...
Multisubunit RNA polymerases IV and V (Pol Pol V) evolved as specialized forms of II that mediate RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) transcriptional silencing transposons, viruses, endogenous repeats in plants. Among the subunits common to Arabidopsis thaliana Pols II, IV, are 93% identical alternative ninth subunits, NRP(B/D/E)9a NRP(B/D/E)9b. The 9a 9b subunit variants incompletely redundant with respect II; whereas double mutants embryo lethal, single viable, yet phenotypically distinct....
ABSTRACT Between harvest and the start of drying, paddy rice may be held for more than 24 hr at moisture contents ranging from 16% to >26%. Microbes found on freshly harvested grow under these conditions produce a wide variety volatile compounds that impact flavor/aroma white obtained after drying milling rice. The 10 microbial metabolites were compared in differing immediately dried (0 hr) or 48 before drying. No increases metabolite levels observed was stored 17–21% hr. In ≥24% content,...
Abstract Minichromosomes are small, sometimes circular, rearranged chromosomes consisting of one centromere and short chromosomal arms formed by treatments that break DNA, including plant transformation. have the potential to serve as vectors quickly move valuable genes across a wide range germplasm, into adapted crop varieties. To realize this potential, minichromosomes must be reliably generated, easily manipulated, stably inherited. Here we show reliable method for minichromosome...
<b>Background/aim:</b> Blepharospasm (BEB) and hemifacial spasm (HFS) appear to be distinct disorders. Clinical characteristics of coexistent BEB HFS have not been examined. The aim this study was determine the prevalence, clinical, imaging features among a cohort patients controls. <b>Results:</b> Among 665 subjects, nine (5.5%) 164 consecutive had BEB, significantly higher than age gender matched controls (0/501, 0%) without neurological diseases (p<0.0001). mean 61.4 (SD 9.9) (range...
Background Small RNAs generated by RNA polymerase IV (Pol IV) are the most abundant class of small in flowering plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana Pol IV-dependent short interfering (p4-si)RNAs imprinted and accumulate specifically from maternal chromosomes developing seeds. Imprinted expression protein-coding genes is controlled differential DNA or histone methylation placed gametes. To identify epigenetic factors required for maternal-specific p4-siRNAs we analyzed effect a series candidate...
The challenges of breeding autotetraploid potato (
In cultivated tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum), reduction to diploidy (dihaploidy) allows for hybridization diploids and introgression breeding may facilitate the production of inbreds. Pollination with haploid inducers (HIs) yields maternal dihaploids, as well triploid hybrids. Dihaploids result from parthenogenesis, entailing development embryos unfertilized eggs, or genome elimination, missegregation loss paternal chromosomes. A sign elimination is occasional persistence HI DNA in...
An ancestral haplotype on chromosome 2p24.1 described in an American sample with familial essential tremor (ET) was analyzed a different ethnic from Singapore. Six polymorphic loci ( etm1240 , etm1231 etm1234 APOB etm1241 and etm1242 ) 274‐kb interval within ET gene candidate region ETM2 were Singaporean individuals family history of (n = 52) compared to controls older than age 65 49). The allele frequencies significantly between cases for the (p 0.0001) 0.0320). extended formed by occurred...
Abstract Over the last few decades North American flying squirrels (Glaucomys spp.) have experienced dramatic northward range shifts. Previous studies focused on potential effects of warming winter temperatures, yet hypothesis that rising summer temperature had a role in these shifts remained unexplored. We therefore sought to determine effect high environmental temperatures thermoregulation and energetics an area Northeast America with recent species turnover. Unable find logistically...
Abstract Cut DNA ends in plants may recombine to form novel molecules. We asked whether CRISPR-Cas9 expression could induce nonhomologous recombination between diverse and heterologous broken ends. induced two breaks separated by 2.3 or 8.5 kilobases leading duplication of the intervening meiotic transmission 2.3kb duplication. Two more dsDNA chromosomes led ligation breakpoints consistent with chromosome arm translocations. Screening 881 primary transformants we obtained 195 PCR products...
Dickeya dianthicola has caused an outbreak of blackleg and soft rot potato in the eastern half United States since 2015. To investigate genetic diversity pathogen, a comparative analysis was conducted on genomes D. strains. Whole 16 strains from were assembled compared with previously sequenced isolated or carnation. Among 32 strains, eight distinct clades distinguished based phylogenomic analysis. The grouped into three clades, majority clade I. Clade I unique homogeneous, suggesting recent...