A5055672042- Animal testing and alternatives
- Immunotoxicology and immune responses
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Gene expression and cancer classification
- Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Occupational exposure and asthma
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
- Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
2016-2025
Health Forecasting
2022
Nederlandse Internisten Vereniging
2013
Pediatrics and Genetics
2007
Utrecht University
1989-2004
Rijksmuseum
1989
Natural Environment Research Council
1985
We report the results of a 28-day oral exposure study in rats, exposed to <20 nm noncoated, or <15 PVP-coated silver nanoparticles ([Ag] = 90 mg/kg body weight (bw)), AgNO(3) 9 bw), carrier solution only. Dissection was performed at day 29, and after wash-out period 1 8 weeks. Silver present all examined organs with highest levels liver spleen for treatments. concentrations were highly correlated amount Ag(+) nanoparticle suspension, indicating that mainly Ag(+), much lesser extent...
Because of its antibacterial activity nanosilver is one the most commonly used nanomaterials. It increasingly in a variety both medical and consumer products resulting an increase human exposure. However, knowledge on systemic toxicity relatively limited. To determine potential silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) with different sizes (20 nm 100 nm) 28-days repeated dose study was performed rats using intravenous administration. The toxic effect 20 Ag-NP bench mark (BMD) approach. Treatment maximum...
Synthetic Amorphous Silica (SAS) is commonly used in food and drugs. Recently, a consumer intake of silica from was estimated at 9.4 mg/kg bw/day, which 1.8 bw/day to be the nano-size range. Food products containing SAS have been shown contain nanometer size range (i.e. 5 – 200 nm) up 43% total content. Concerns raised about possible adverse effects chronic exposure nanostructured silica. Rats were orally exposed 100, 1000 or 2500 SAS, 500 NM-202 (a representative for OECD testing) 28 days,...
Titanium dioxide white pigment consists of particles various sizes, from which a fraction is in the nano range (<100 nm). It applied food as additive E 171 well other products, such supplements and toothpaste. Here, we assessed whether human health risk can be expected oral ingestion these titanium nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), based on currently available information. Human risks were using two different approaches: Approach 1, intake, i.e. external doses, 2, internal organ concentrations...
The role that in vitro systems can play toxicological risk assessment is determined by the appropriateness of chosen methods, with respect to way which data be extrapolated vivo situation. This report presents results a workshop aimed at better defining use vitro-derived biomarkers toxicity (BoT) and determining place these have human assessment. As result, conceptual framework presented for incorporation into process. selection BoT takes account they need distinguish adverse adaptive...
The terms "Safe innovation" and "Safe(r)-by-design" are currently popular in the field of nanotechnology. These used to describe approaches that advocate consideration safety aspects already at an early stage innovation process (nano)materials nanoenabled products. Here, we investigate possibilities considering during various stages graphene, outlining what information is available for assessing potential hazard, exposure, risks. In addition, recommend further steps be taken by stakeholders...
Relative potency factors (RPFs) for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have previously been derived based on liver effects in rodents the purpose of performing mixture risk assessment with primary input from biomonitoring studies. However, 2020, EFSA established a tolerable weekly intake four PFAS assuming equal toxic immune suppressive humans. In this study we explored possibility deriving RPFs using available data Lymphoid organ weights, differential blood cell counts, clinical...
The establishment of reliable and robust in vitro models for hazard assessment, a prerequisite moving away from animal testing, requires the evaluation model transferability reproducibility. Lung that can be exposed via air, by means an air-liquid interface (ALI) are promising evaluating safety nanomaterials (NMs) after inhalation exposure. We performed inter-laboratory comparison study to evaluate reproducibility lung consisting human bronchial cell line Calu-3 as monoculture and, increase...
As a complex system governing and interconnecting numerous functions within the human body, immune is unsurprisingly susceptible to impact of toxic chemicals. Toxicants can influence through multitude mechanisms, resulting in immunosuppression, hypersensitivity, increased risk autoimmune diseases cancer development. At present, regulatory assessment immunotoxicity chemicals relies heavily on rodent models limited number Organisation for Economic Co-operation Development (OECD) test...
Nanosilver is used in a variety of medical and consumer products because its antibacterial activity. This wide application results an increased human exposure. Knowledge on the systemic toxicity nanosilver is, however, relatively scarce. In previous study, 20 nm silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) was studied 28-day repeated-dose study rats. Ag-NP were intravenously administered with maximum dose 6 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day. Several immune parameters affected: reduced thymus weight, spleen cell...
Aim: A horizon scan of nanomedicinal product on the market or undergoing clinical investigation by analyzing current landscape. Materials & Methods: The includes a search literature, trial registries and internet. Results: This yielded 175 products. Most products were intended for cancer treatment, followed infectious diseases. Polymer conjugates, liposomes protein nanoparticles most used structures Conclusions: paper provides an overview investigation, their application areas specific properties.
Inhalation exposure to environmental and occupational aerosol contaminants is associated with many respiratory health problems. To realistically mimic long-term inhalation for toxicity testing, lung epithelial cells need maintained exposed under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions a prolonged period of time. In addition, study cellular responses particles, have be co-cultured macrophages. that aim, we evaluated human bronchial Calu-3, 16HBE14o- (16HBE), H292, BEAS-2B cell lines respect...
Exposure to ultraviolet light, especially UVB wavelengths, can impair immune responses in animals and humans. It is remarkable that this immunomodulation not restricted the exposed skin but also found at other sites, i.e. systemic (distant) immunosuppression. A frequently proposed hypothesis exposure inhibits, specifically, T helper 1 (Th1)‐mediated responses. The major reason for contact hypersensitivity (CHS) delayed‐type (DTH), both Th1‐mediated responses, are very sensitive UVB. For...