Kurt J. Gron

ORCID: 0000-0002-0415-2891
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Research Areas
  • Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
  • Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
  • Isotope Analysis in Ecology
  • Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
  • Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
  • Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
  • Bone and Dental Protein Studies
  • Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies
  • Historical and Archaeological Studies
  • Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
  • Forensic and Genetic Research
  • Cassava research and cyanide
  • Indigenous Studies and Ecology
  • Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
  • Ancient Near East History
  • Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
  • Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
  • Ecology and biodiversity studies
  • Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
  • Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
  • dental development and anomalies
  • Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock

Durham University
2016-2025

University of Wisconsin–Madison
2013

Significance The ability to assign biological sex human skeletal remains is a fundamental requirement in archaeology, paleoanthropology, and medico-legal sciences. While DNA sequencing can be used, it expensive, time-consuming, often fails due the poor quality of remaining DNA. An easier, more reliable, consistently applicable method needed. We present for determination using peptides retrieved from tooth enamel. Amelogenin an enamel-forming protein encoded by both chromosomes X Y, with...

10.1073/pnas.1714926115 article EN cc-by-nc-nd Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2017-12-11
Laurent Frantz James Haile Audrey T. Lin Amelie Scheu Christina Geörg and 95 more Norbert Benecke Michelle Alexander Anna Linderholm Victoria E. Mullin Kevin G. Daly Vincent M. Battista Max Price Kurt J. Gron Panoraia Alexandri Rose‐Marie Arbogast Benjamin S. Arbuckle Adrian Bălăşescu Ross Barnett László Bartosiewicz Gennady Baryshnikov Clive Bonsall Dušan Borić Adina Boroneanț Jelena Bulatović Canan Çakırlar José Miguel Carretero John Chapman Mike J. Church R.P.M.A. Crooijmans Bea De Cupere Cleia Detry Vesna Dimitrijević Valentin Dumitraşcu Louis du Plessis Ceiridwen J. Edwards Cevdet Merih Erek Aslı Erim-Özdoğan Anton Ervynck Domenico Fulgione Mihai Gligor Anders Götherström Lionel Gourichon Martien A. M. Groenen Daniel Helmer Hitomi Hongo Liora Kolska Horwitz Evan K. Irving-Pease Ophélie Lebrasseur Joséphine Lesur Caroline Malone Ninna Manaseryan Arkadiusz Marciniak Holley Martlew Marjan Mashkour Roger Matthews Giedrė Motuzaitė Matuzevičiūtė Sepideh Maziar Erik Meijaard Tom McGovern Hendrik‐Jan Megens Rebecca Miller Azadeh Fatemeh Mohaseb Jörg Orschiedt David Orton Anastasia Papathanasiou Mike Parker Pearson Ron Pinhasi Darko Radmanović François‐Xavier Ricaut Michael P. Richards Richard Sabin Lucia Sarti Wolfram Schier Shiva Sheikhi Elisabeth Stephan John R. Stewart Simon Stoddart Antonio Tagliacozzo Nenad Tasić Katerina Trantalidou Anne Tresset Cristina Valdiosera Youri van den Hurk Sophie Van Poucke Jean‐Denis Vigne Alexander Yanevich Andrea Zeeb‐Lanz Alexandros Triantafyllidis M. Thomas P. Gilbert Jörg Schibler Peter Rowley‐Conwy Melinda A. Zeder Joris Peters Thomas Cucchi Daniel G. Bradley Keith Dobney Joachim Bürger Allowen Evin Linus Girdland-Flink Greger Larson

Archaeological evidence indicates that pig domestication had begun by ∼10,500 y before the present (BP) in Near East, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggests pigs arrived Europe alongside farmers ∼8,500 BP. A few thousand years after introduction of Eastern into Europe, however, their characteristic mtDNA signature disappeared was replaced haplotypes associated with European wild boars. This turnover could be accounted for substantial gene flow from local boars, although it is also possible...

10.1073/pnas.1901169116 article EN cc-by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2019-08-12

Abstract Objectives This study tests, for the first time, applicability of a new method sex estimation utilizing enamel peptides on sample deciduous and permanent teeth at different stages mineralization, from nonadults unknown sex, including perinates. Materials methods A total 43 29 nonadult individuals aged 40 gestational weeks to 19 years old were analyzed. The included pairs fully mineralized just developing same individual. four archaeological sites in England: Piddington (1st–2nd...

10.1002/ajpa.24231 article EN cc-by American Journal of Physical Anthropology 2021-01-21

Maintaining soil health is integral to agricultural production, and the archaeological record contains multiple lines of palaeoclimatic palaeoenvironmental proxy evidence that can contribute understanding analysis long-term trajectories change are key for contextualizing 21st century global environmental challenges. Soil a capital resource its nutrient balance modified by activities, making it necessary ensure productivity maintained managed through human choices actions. Since prehistory...

10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106762 article EN cc-by Quaternary Science Reviews 2021-01-13

The aim of this research is to examine the isotopic characterisation archaeological fish species as it relates freshwater, brackish and marine environments, trophic level migration patterns, determine intraspecies variation within between populations in different locations central northern Europe. Carbon nitrogen stable isotope analysis was undertaken on collagen extracted from 72 bone samples eight Mesolithic Neolithic sites region. Thirty-six (50%) specimens analysed produced results with...

10.1179/1749631415y.0000000014 article EN Environmental Archaeology 2015-08-17

New evidence for cattle husbandry practices during the earliest period of southern Scandinavian Neolithic indicates multiple birth seasons and dairying from its start. Sequential sampling tooth enamel carbonate carbon oxygen isotope ratio analyses strontium isotopic provenancing indicate more than one season in locally reared at Funnel Beaker (EN I TRB, 3950-3500 cal. B.C.) site Almhov Scania, Sweden. The main purpose which are manipulated to give is prolong lactation production milk...

10.1371/journal.pone.0131267 article EN cc-by PLoS ONE 2015-07-06

Farming practice in the first period of southern Scandinavian Neolithic (Early I, Funnel Beaker Culture, 3950–3500 cal. BC) is not well understood. Despite presence farmers and their domesticated plants animals, little evidence profound changes to landscape such as widespread deforestation has emerged from this crucial early period. Bone collagen dietary stable isotope ratios wild herbivores Scandinavia are here analysed order determine expected range variation across landscape. Coupled with...

10.1177/0959683616652705 article EN cc-by-nc The Holocene 2016-06-24

The movement of livestock across and within landscapes is increasingly being recognized as common in northern European prehistoric contexts, was performed for various purposes. However, almost nothing known about the earliest phase southern Scandinavian Neolithic Funnel Beaker Culture (ENI, TRB, 4000–3500 cal BC), or even if such indicated. In this study, domestic cattle (Bos taurus) teeth from early sites Almhov, Sweden (N = 6) Havnelev, Denmark 7) were analyzed order to determine presence...

10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.02.015 article EN cc-by Journal of Archaeological Science Reports 2016-02-21

Abstract The extensive peat bogs of Southern Scandinavia have yielded rich Mesolithic archaeological assemblages, with one the most iconic artefacts being bone point. Although great in number they remain understudied. Here we present a combined investigation typology, protein-based species composition, and absolute chronology Maglemosian points. majority points are made from cervids bovines. However, changes both composition barb morphology can be directly linked to paucity finds lasting...

10.1038/s41598-020-74258-8 article EN cc-by Scientific Reports 2020-10-14

The Coneybury ‘Anomaly’ is an Early Neolithic pit located just south-east of Stonehenge, Wiltshire. Excavations recovered a faunal assemblage unique in its composition, consisting both wild and domestic species, as well large quantities ceramics stone tools, including substantial proportion blades/bladelets. We present suite new isotope analyses the material, together with ancient DNA sex determination, reconsider published data to ask: What took place at Coneybury, who was involved? argue...

10.1017/ppr.2018.15 article EN cc-by Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 2018-11-05

The application of fertilisers to crops can be monitored and assessed using stable isotope ratios. However, the marine biofertilisers (e.g., fish, macroalgae/seaweed) on crop ratios has been rarely studied, despite widespread archaeological historical evidence for use resources as a soil amendment.A heritage variety Celtic bean, similar in size shape archaeobotanical macrofossils Vicia faba L., was grown three 1 × 0.5 m outdoor plots under conditions: natural (control); mixed with macroalgae...

10.1002/rcm.8985 article EN cc-by Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 2020-10-21

In 2007, excavations at the late Mesolithic (Ertebølle) coastal site of Asnæs Havnemark recovered a wealth flint, bone, and ceramic artefacts. A comprehensive analysis faunal remains resulted in over 50,000 identified specimens. Roe deer gadids predominate, but there are wide variety other species represented. Stable isotope analyses dog bones point to importance marine resources. Oxygen otoliths indicate that fishing was conducted multiple seasons year. Comparison with sites demonstrates...

10.1080/21662282.2013.821792 article EN Danish Journal of Archaeology 2013-05-01

Despite an increasing number of studies, the application stable sulfur (δ34S) isotope analysis to prehistoric bone collagen remains in its infancy. Conventionally, compositions reflect coastal proximity and interaction between humans animals. Here, we undertook carbon (δ13C), nitrogen (δ15N) human faunal collagen. To understand local environmental conditions as well husbandry regime employed by first farmers, investigate where animals were raised or hunted non-specific terms, sampled 50...

10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104384 article EN cc-by Journal of Archaeological Science Reports 2024-01-16

The presence of domestic animals is a key feature the Neolithic. Their earliest in archaeological contexts across European continent often interpreted as reflecting farming practices. However, escape, survive, and become feral. Using comparative example colonial North America, this article's aim to illustrate what happens when livestock are introduced new, continental temperate environment. Taking dual historical perspective, author reiterates elaborates on suggestion that feral were almost...

10.1017/eaa.2023.14 article EN cc-by European Journal of Archaeology 2023-04-14

Archaeological material was initially discovered in 1993, eroding from a small cliff on the north side of peninsula Asnæs near town Kalundborg western Sjælland, Denmark. Ertebølle Excavations 2007 exposed Ertebøllwe cultural layer and obtained materials to describe site its contents before it destroyed by sea. The 22 m2 careful excavations terrestrial midden deposit late Mesolithic which had been partially preserved under raised beach ridge. flint tools consist primarily projectile points,...

10.1080/21662282.2018.1551979 article EN Danish Journal of Archaeology 2018-07-03

Abstract Distinguishing the skeletal remains of sheep ( Ovis aries ) from goats Capra hircus is a fundamental and habitual problem in zooarchaeology. Such distinction desirable because taxa can be raised to serve variable purposes, are behaviourally different biologically dissimilar; all factors influencing their role past human economies. Although considerable effort has been spent exploring various methods for Near East, Mediterranean world, modern populations, rarity Neolithic caprines...

10.1002/oa.2844 article EN International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 2019-12-02

Abstract The faunal assemblages from Asnæs Havnemark, Fårevejle and Trustrup, located in northwest Zealand, Denmark, yielded extensive yet substantially fragmented bone material dating predominantly to the late Mesolithic Ertebølle culture, ca. 5400–3950 cal BC . This paper presents a combined assessment of skeletal part representation red deer ( Cervus elaphus ) roe Capreolus capreolus these three sites conjunction with quantification overall fragmentation data for assemblages. These...

10.1002/oa.2339 article EN International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 2013-08-05

Interdisciplinary archaeological research in southern Scandinavia has a very long history of practice, starting the mid-19th Century and continuing to present. In particular, concerning late Mesolithic hunter-gatherer-fisher Ertebølle culture (5400-3950 cal BC) resulted large zooarchaeological dataset potentially useable large-scale comparative, or meta-analyses. this paper, we review dataset, quantity character data is described. We then address particularities published that may affect...

10.5334/oq.15 article EN cc-by Open Quaternary 2016-01-06
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