A5088001695- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Bone and Dental Protein Studies
- Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies
- Historical and Archaeological Studies
- Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Cassava research and cyanide
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Ancient Near East History
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- dental development and anomalies
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Durham University
2016-2025
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2013
Significance The ability to assign biological sex human skeletal remains is a fundamental requirement in archaeology, paleoanthropology, and medico-legal sciences. While DNA sequencing can be used, it expensive, time-consuming, often fails due the poor quality of remaining DNA. An easier, more reliable, consistently applicable method needed. We present for determination using peptides retrieved from tooth enamel. Amelogenin an enamel-forming protein encoded by both chromosomes X Y, with...
Archaeological evidence indicates that pig domestication had begun by ∼10,500 y before the present (BP) in Near East, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggests pigs arrived Europe alongside farmers ∼8,500 BP. A few thousand years after introduction of Eastern into Europe, however, their characteristic mtDNA signature disappeared was replaced haplotypes associated with European wild boars. This turnover could be accounted for substantial gene flow from local boars, although it is also possible...
Abstract Objectives This study tests, for the first time, applicability of a new method sex estimation utilizing enamel peptides on sample deciduous and permanent teeth at different stages mineralization, from nonadults unknown sex, including perinates. Materials methods A total 43 29 nonadult individuals aged 40 gestational weeks to 19 years old were analyzed. The included pairs fully mineralized just developing same individual. four archaeological sites in England: Piddington (1st–2nd...
Maintaining soil health is integral to agricultural production, and the archaeological record contains multiple lines of palaeoclimatic palaeoenvironmental proxy evidence that can contribute understanding analysis long-term trajectories change are key for contextualizing 21st century global environmental challenges. Soil a capital resource its nutrient balance modified by activities, making it necessary ensure productivity maintained managed through human choices actions. Since prehistory...
The aim of this research is to examine the isotopic characterisation archaeological fish species as it relates freshwater, brackish and marine environments, trophic level migration patterns, determine intraspecies variation within between populations in different locations central northern Europe. Carbon nitrogen stable isotope analysis was undertaken on collagen extracted from 72 bone samples eight Mesolithic Neolithic sites region. Thirty-six (50%) specimens analysed produced results with...
New evidence for cattle husbandry practices during the earliest period of southern Scandinavian Neolithic indicates multiple birth seasons and dairying from its start. Sequential sampling tooth enamel carbonate carbon oxygen isotope ratio analyses strontium isotopic provenancing indicate more than one season in locally reared at Funnel Beaker (EN I TRB, 3950-3500 cal. B.C.) site Almhov Scania, Sweden. The main purpose which are manipulated to give is prolong lactation production milk...
Farming practice in the first period of southern Scandinavian Neolithic (Early I, Funnel Beaker Culture, 3950–3500 cal. BC) is not well understood. Despite presence farmers and their domesticated plants animals, little evidence profound changes to landscape such as widespread deforestation has emerged from this crucial early period. Bone collagen dietary stable isotope ratios wild herbivores Scandinavia are here analysed order determine expected range variation across landscape. Coupled with...
The movement of livestock across and within landscapes is increasingly being recognized as common in northern European prehistoric contexts, was performed for various purposes. However, almost nothing known about the earliest phase southern Scandinavian Neolithic Funnel Beaker Culture (ENI, TRB, 4000–3500 cal BC), or even if such indicated. In this study, domestic cattle (Bos taurus) teeth from early sites Almhov, Sweden (N = 6) Havnelev, Denmark 7) were analyzed order to determine presence...
Abstract The extensive peat bogs of Southern Scandinavia have yielded rich Mesolithic archaeological assemblages, with one the most iconic artefacts being bone point. Although great in number they remain understudied. Here we present a combined investigation typology, protein-based species composition, and absolute chronology Maglemosian points. majority points are made from cervids bovines. However, changes both composition barb morphology can be directly linked to paucity finds lasting...
The Coneybury ‘Anomaly’ is an Early Neolithic pit located just south-east of Stonehenge, Wiltshire. Excavations recovered a faunal assemblage unique in its composition, consisting both wild and domestic species, as well large quantities ceramics stone tools, including substantial proportion blades/bladelets. We present suite new isotope analyses the material, together with ancient DNA sex determination, reconsider published data to ask: What took place at Coneybury, who was involved? argue...
The application of fertilisers to crops can be monitored and assessed using stable isotope ratios. However, the marine biofertilisers (e.g., fish, macroalgae/seaweed) on crop ratios has been rarely studied, despite widespread archaeological historical evidence for use resources as a soil amendment.A heritage variety Celtic bean, similar in size shape archaeobotanical macrofossils Vicia faba L., was grown three 1 × 0.5 m outdoor plots under conditions: natural (control); mixed with macroalgae...
In 2007, excavations at the late Mesolithic (Ertebølle) coastal site of Asnæs Havnemark recovered a wealth flint, bone, and ceramic artefacts. A comprehensive analysis faunal remains resulted in over 50,000 identified specimens. Roe deer gadids predominate, but there are wide variety other species represented. Stable isotope analyses dog bones point to importance marine resources. Oxygen otoliths indicate that fishing was conducted multiple seasons year. Comparison with sites demonstrates...
Despite an increasing number of studies, the application stable sulfur (δ34S) isotope analysis to prehistoric bone collagen remains in its infancy. Conventionally, compositions reflect coastal proximity and interaction between humans animals. Here, we undertook carbon (δ13C), nitrogen (δ15N) human faunal collagen. To understand local environmental conditions as well husbandry regime employed by first farmers, investigate where animals were raised or hunted non-specific terms, sampled 50...
The presence of domestic animals is a key feature the Neolithic. Their earliest in archaeological contexts across European continent often interpreted as reflecting farming practices. However, escape, survive, and become feral. Using comparative example colonial North America, this article's aim to illustrate what happens when livestock are introduced new, continental temperate environment. Taking dual historical perspective, author reiterates elaborates on suggestion that feral were almost...
Archaeological material was initially discovered in 1993, eroding from a small cliff on the north side of peninsula Asnæs near town Kalundborg western Sjælland, Denmark. Ertebølle Excavations 2007 exposed Ertebøllwe cultural layer and obtained materials to describe site its contents before it destroyed by sea. The 22 m2 careful excavations terrestrial midden deposit late Mesolithic which had been partially preserved under raised beach ridge. flint tools consist primarily projectile points,...
Abstract Distinguishing the skeletal remains of sheep ( Ovis aries ) from goats Capra hircus is a fundamental and habitual problem in zooarchaeology. Such distinction desirable because taxa can be raised to serve variable purposes, are behaviourally different biologically dissimilar; all factors influencing their role past human economies. Although considerable effort has been spent exploring various methods for Near East, Mediterranean world, modern populations, rarity Neolithic caprines...
Abstract The faunal assemblages from Asnæs Havnemark, Fårevejle and Trustrup, located in northwest Zealand, Denmark, yielded extensive yet substantially fragmented bone material dating predominantly to the late Mesolithic Ertebølle culture, ca. 5400–3950 cal BC . This paper presents a combined assessment of skeletal part representation red deer ( Cervus elaphus ) roe Capreolus capreolus these three sites conjunction with quantification overall fragmentation data for assemblages. These...
Interdisciplinary archaeological research in southern Scandinavia has a very long history of practice, starting the mid-19th Century and continuing to present. In particular, concerning late Mesolithic hunter-gatherer-fisher Ertebølle culture (5400-3950 cal BC) resulted large zooarchaeological dataset potentially useable large-scale comparative, or meta-analyses. this paper, we review dataset, quantity character data is described. We then address particularities published that may affect...