A5075383511- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Leprosy Research and Treatment
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Dermatological diseases and infestations
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Public Health and Social Inequalities
- Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting
Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
2016-2025
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
2024
Tribhuvan University
2024
B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences
2024
Beltsville Agricultural Research Center
2024
Agricultural Research Service
2024
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
2023
Kala-Azar Medical Research Centre
2023
Programme National Multisectoriel de Lutte contre le sida
2018-2021
Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer
2021
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a serious parasitic disease, causing high morbidity and mortality in the developing world. The pathogenesis of VL complex, clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic infection to severe fatal disease. Despite wealth research on full-blown "clinical VL" syndrome, leishmania infections remain poorly understood. Asymptomatic could present major challenge for control programs if its infectiousness confirmed. In this viewpoint, we highlight crucial knowledge...
Background. Poor access to diagnosis stymies control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Antibody-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) can be performed in peripheral health settings. However, there are many brands available and published reports variable accuracy.
<ns4:p>Background Coordinated efforts in the control of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) have significantly reduced its endemicity. WHO targets interruption transmission by 2030. However, challenges remain, including low sensitivity current parasitological confirmation tests, leaving a potential reservoir untreated. Acoziborole, single-dose oral treatment, effective both disease stages with good safety profile, offers treatment parasitologically negative gHAT seropositive...
Background High frequency of relapse in miltefosine-treated visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients India and Nepal followed up for twelve months. Objective To identify epidemiological clinical risk factors VL recently treated with standard dosing miltefosine Nepal. Design Prospective observational study three Primary Health Centers one reference center Muzaffarpur district, Bihar, India; two zonal hospitals a university hospital South-east Nepal; records all consenting diagnosed according to...
Introduction Asymptomatic persons infected with the parasites causing visceral leishmaniasis (VL) usually outnumber clinically apparent cases by a ratio of 4–10 to 1. We assessed risk progression from infection disease as function DAT and rK39 serological titers. Methods used available data on four cohorts villages in India Nepal that are highly endemic for Leishmania donovani. In each cohort two serosurveys had been conducted. Based results initial surveys, subjects were classified...
Introduction Asymptomatic persons infected with the parasites causing visceral leishmaniasis (VL) usually outnumber clinically apparent cases by a ratio of 4–10 to 1. We describe patterns markers Leishmania donovani infection and clinical VL in relation age Bihar, India. Methods selected eleven villages highly endemic for donovani. During 1-year interval we conducted two house surveys during which collected blood samples on filter paper from all consenting individuals aged 2 years above....
There is increasing interest in the role of asymptomatic infection transmission Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). We studied individual, household and environmental factors associated with Leishmania donovani infected individuals VL. 7,538 living VL endemic villages India Nepal were divided into three mutually exclusive groups based on their history Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) results yearly serosurveys over a two-year period. The (1) cases, (2) asymptomatically (seroconverters) (3)...
We present three transmission models of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Indian subcontinent (ISC) with structural differences regarding disease stage that provides main contribution to transmission, including a prominent role asymptomatic infection, and fit them recent case data from 8 endemic districts Bihar, India. Following geographical cross-validation models, we compare their predictions for achieving WHO VL elimination targets ongoing treatment vector control strategies. All suggest...
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease transmitted by sandflies. On the Indian subcontinent (ISC), VL targeted for elimination as public health problem 2017. In context of VL, target defined an annual incidence <1 per 10,000 capita at (sub-)district level. Interventions focus on vector control, surveillance and diagnosing treating cases. Many endemic areas have not yet achieved optimal control due to logistical, biological well technical challenges. We used mathematical...
Background Bangladesh, India, and Nepal aim for the elimination of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), a systemic parasitic infectious disease, as public health problem by 2020. For decades, male patients have comprised majority reported VL cases in this region. By comparing sex ratio to one observed population-based studies conducted Indian subcontinent, we tested working hypothesis that mainly socio-cultural gender differences healthcare-seeking behavior explain imbalance. Methodology/Principal...
Abstract Background Leprosy is an ancient infectious disease with annual global incidence of around 200,000 over the past decade. Since 2018, World Health Organization (WHO) recommends single-dose rifampicin as post-exposure prophylaxis (SDR-PEP) for contacts leprosy patients. The Post ExpOsure Prophylaxis (PEOPLE) trial evaluated PEP a double dose in Comoros and Madagascar. Preliminary results this show some reduction intervention villages but stronger regimen may be beneficial. objective...
In Tashkent (Uzbekistan), TB treatment is provided in accordance with the DOTS strategy. Of 1087 pulmonary patients started on 2005, 228 (21%) defaulted. This study investigates who defaulters are, when they default and why default. We reviewed records of 126 (cases) 132 controls collected information time default, demographic factors, social potential risk factors for characteristics recorded reasons Unemployment, being a pensioner, alcoholism homelessness were associated Patients defaulted...
Studies investigating risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) on the Indian Subcontinent have shown contradictory results related to role of domestic animals. In some studies having animals in or around house was a factor, others it protective. We investigated specific hypothesis that keeping inside at night is factor VL.Individually matched case-control study. All patients with VL diagnosed study area Bihar, India between March 1st, 2007 and December 2008 were eligible. For each case,...
Abstract To identify factors associated with incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), we surveyed 13,416 households in Bihar State, India. VL was socioeconomic status, type housing, and belonging to the Musahar caste. Annual coverage indoor residual insecticide spraying 12%. Increasing such can greatly contribute control.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a predominantly rural disease, common in the low lands of eastern Nepal. Since 1997 VL cases have also been reported among residents city Dharan. Our main research objective was to find out whether there had local transmission inside city. We conducted an outbreak investigation including case–control study; were all urban treated for between 2000 and 2008 at BP Koirala Institute Health Sciences, university hospital For each case, we selected four random...
Background Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a deadly vector-borne disease. Approximately 90% of Indian VL cases occur in Bihar, where the sand fly, Phlebotomus argentipes, principal vector. Sand fly control Bihar consists indoor residual spraying (IRS), practice inner walls village dwellings with insecticides. Prior researchers have evaluated success IRS-control by estimating vector abundance houses, but number sampling periods (n = 2–3) were minimal, and outdoor-resting P. argentipes...
Background Asymptomatic Leishmania donovani infections outnumber clinical presentations, however the predictors for development of active disease are not well known. We aimed to identify serological, immunological and genetic markers progression from L. infection Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). Methods enrolled all residents >2 years age in 27 VL endemic villages Bihar (India). Blood samples collected on filter paper two occasions 6–12 months apart, were tested antibodies against with...
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been targeted by the World Health Organization (WHO) and 5 countries in Indian subcontinent for elimination as a public health problem. To achieve this target, WHO developed guidelines consisting of 4 phases different levels interventions, based on vector control through indoor residual spraying insecticide (IRS) active case detection (ACD). Mathematical transmission models VL are increasingly used planning assessing efficacy interventions evaluating intensity...
The island of Anjouan (Comoros) is highly endemic for leprosy with an annual incidence 5–10/10,000. In May/June, 2015 single-dose Rifampicin post-exposure prophylaxis (SDR-PEP) was administered to 269 close contacts 70 leprosy-patients in four villages as a pilot programmatic intervention. Two years later we revisited the follow-up investigations. main aim our study quantify spatial associations between reported cases before and after PEP implementation. A secondary assess effect this single...