A5072505541- Gut microbiota and health
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Microscopic Colitis
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Immune cells in cancer
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Diverticular Disease and Complications
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
Sorbonne Université
2019-2025
APC Microbiome Institute
2018-2025
University College Cork
2018-2025
Inserm
2019-2025
Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine
2019-2024
Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine
2020-2023
Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris
2019-2023
Microbiologie de l’alimentation au service de la santé
2020
AgroParisTech
2020
Université Sorbonne Nouvelle
2020
<h3>Objectives</h3> The relevance of spatial composition in the microbial changes associated with UC is unclear. We coupled luminal brush samples, mucosal biopsies and laser capture microdissection deep sequencing gut microbiota to develop an integrated assessment community controls UC. <h3>Design</h3> A total 98 samples were sequenced a mean depth 31 642 reads from nine individuals, four control volunteers undergoing routine colonoscopy five patients surgical colectomy for...
The extent to which tryptophan (Trp) metabolism alterations explain or influence the outcome of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) is still unclear. However, several Trp end-products are essential intestinal homeostasis. Here, we investigated role metabolites from kynurenine pathway.Targeted quantitative metabolomics was performed in two large human IBD cohorts (1069 patients with IBD). Dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis experiments mice were used evaluate effects identified...
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disorders (IBD), the pathogenesis of which is uncertain but includes genetic susceptibility factors, immune-mediated tissue injury environmental influences, most appear to act via gut microbiome. We hypothesized that host-microbe alterations could be used prognostically stratify patients experiencing relapses up four years after endoscopy. therefore examined multiple omics data, including published new...
Due to the potential role of gut microbiota and bile acids in pathogenesis both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) sporadic colorectal cancer, we aimed determine whether these factors were associated with cancer IBD patients. 215 patients 51 non-IBD control subjects enrolled from 10 French centers between September 2011 July 2018. Fecal samples processed for bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing acid profiling. Demographic, clinical, endoscopic, histological outcomes recorded. Characteristics...
The perturbation of the symbiotic relationship between microbes and intestinal immune system contributes to gut inflammation Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) development. host mucosa glycans (glycocalyx) creates a major biological interface microorganisms immunity that remains ill-defined. Glycans are essential players in IBD immunopathogenesis, even years before disease onset. However, how changes glycosylation shape microbiome this impact response be clarified. Here, we revealed...
Normal mammalian development and homeostasis are dependent upon the gut microbiota. Antibiotics, essential for treatment prophylaxis of bacterial infections, can have collateral effects on microbiota composition, which in turn far-reaching potentially deleterious consequences host. However, magnitude duration such appear to vary between individuals. Furthermore, degree perturbations affect host response is currently unclear. We aimed test hypothesis that different human microbiomes responses...
Tumor growth is accompanied with dramatic changes in the cellular glycome, such as aberrant expression of complex branched N-glycans. However, role this protumoral N-glycan immune evasion and whether its removal contributes to enhancement recognition unleashing an antitumor response remain elusive. We demonstrated that N-glycans are used by colorectal cancer cells escape recognition, instructing creation immunosuppressive networks through inhibition IFNγ. The "glycan-mask" exposed...
Abstract Aim The colonic mucus gel layer is composed of mucins that may be sulphated or sialyated. Sulphated predominate in health while ulcerative colitis ( UC ) sulphation reduced. These differences result directly from inflammatory events. It also hypothesized they arise part alterations the microbiota, particularly changes burden mucin‐metabolizing species, such as Desulfovibrio DSV bacteria. aim this study was to correlate mucin chemotypes and scores relate these colonization crypts by...
Abstract Viruses are increasingly recognised as important components of the human microbiome, fulfilling numerous ecological roles including bacterial predation, immune stimulation, genetic diversification, horizontal gene transfer, microbial interactions, and augmentation metabolic functions. However, our current view gut virome is tainted by previous sequencing requirements that necessitated amplification starting nucleic acids. In this study, we performed an original longitudinal analysis...
Abstract Caspase recruitment-domain containing protein 9 (CARD9) is a key signaling pathway in macrophages but its role atherosclerosis still poorly understood. Global deletion of Card9 Apoe -/- mice as well hematopoietic Ldlr increases atherosclerosis. The acceleration also observed Rag2 mice, ruling out for the adaptive immune system vascular phenotype deficient mice. deficiency alters macrophage through CD36 overexpression with increased IL-1β production, lipid uptake, higher cell death...
The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unclear but involves both genetics and environmental factors, including the gut microbiota. Indeed, exacerbated activation gastrointestinal immune system toward microbiota occurs in genetically susceptible hosts under influence environment. For instance, a majority IBD susceptibility loci lie within genes involved responses, such as caspase recruitment domain member 9 (Card9). However, relative impacts genotype versus on colitis context...
Vancomycin and metronidazole are commonly used treatments for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). However, these antibiotics have been associated with high levels of relapse in patients. Fidaxomicin is a new treatment CDI that described as narrow spectrum antibiotic minimally active on the commensal bacteria gut microbiome. The aim this study was to compare effect fidaxomicin human microbiome number (thuricin CD) broad (vancomycin nisin) antimicrobials. activity each antimicrobial...
The composition and function of the human gut microbiome has been linked to multiple health outcomes across all world regions, often with region-specific associations. Unfortunately, extent which microbiomes from different populations are characterised is limited by their economic resources. Over 70% sequenced come analyses European North American populations, skewing our understanding focusing excessively on just 15% global population. Thus, entire continents rely results research conducted...
Abstract We compiled a human metagenome assembled plasmid (MAP) database and interrogated differences across multiple studies that were originally designed to investigate the composition of microbiome various lifestyles, life stages events. This was performed as plasmids enable bacteria rapidly expand their functional capacity through mobilisation, yet contribution health disease is poorly understood. observed inter-sample β-diversity content (plasmidome) could distinguish cohorts multitude...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex heterogeneous disorder defined by recurring chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, attributed to combination factors including genetic susceptibility, altered immune response, shift in microbial composition/microbial insults (infection/exposure), and environmental influences. Therapeutics generally used treat IBD mainly focus on response include non-specific anti-inflammatory immunosuppressive therapeutics targeted aimed at specific...
Objective The aims of this study were to develop techniques for spatial microbial assessment in humans and establish colonic luminal mucosal ecology, encompassing longitudinal cross-sectional axes. Design A microbiological protected specimen brush was used conjunction with a biopsy forceps sample the colon nine healthy volunteers undergoing colonoscopy. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis determine major variables organization microbiota. Results Protected Specimen...