A5030048442- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Burn Injury Management and Outcomes
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Sports Performance and Training
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Wound Healing and Treatments
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Physical Activity and Health
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Circular RNAs in diseases
Arkansas Children's Hospital
2016-2025
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
2016-2025
Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center
2016-2025
Institute on Aging
2021-2025
University of Arkansas Medical Center
2023
Norwegian School of Sport Sciences
1994-2021
University of Coimbra
2020
Pediatrics and Genetics
2020
Arkansas Department of Health
2020
Arkansas Department of Agriculture
2019
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has attracted scientific interest as an antidiabetic owing to its ability dissipate energy heat. Despite a plethora of data concerning the role BAT in glucose metabolism rodents, (if any) humans remains unclear. To investigate whether activation alters whole-body homeostasis and insulin sensitivity humans, we studied seven BAT-positive (BAT+) men five BAT-negative (BAT−) under thermoneutral conditions after prolonged (5–8 h) cold exposure (CE). The two groups were...
This study tests the hypothesis that a dose of 6 g orally administered essential amino acids (EAAs) stimulates net muscle protein balance in healthy volunteers when consumed 1 and 2 h after resistance exercise. Subjects received primed constant infusion ofl-[ H 5 ]phenylalanine andl-[1- 13 C]leucine. Samples from femoral artery vein biopsies vastus lateralis were obtained. Arterial EAA concentrations increased severalfold drinks. Net (NB) proportionally more than arterial AA response to...
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect ingestion 100 g carbohydrates on net muscle protein balance (protein synthesis minus breakdown) after resistance exercise. Two groups eight subjects performed a exercise bout (10 sets 8 repetitions leg presses at 80% 1-repetition maximum) before they rested in bed for 4 h. One group (CHO) received drink consisting 1 h postexercise. other (Pla) noncaloric placebo drink. Leg amino acid metabolism determined by infusion 2H5- or 13C6-labeled...
The purpose of this study was to determine if the acute anabolic muscle response resistance exercise and essential amino acids (EAA) reflects over 24 h. Seven subjects participated in following two 24-h studies: 1) resting (REST) 2) rest plus consumption EAA (ES). Net balance (NB) across leg determined for four acids. [ 13 C 6 ]phenylalanine infused mixed fractional synthetic rate (FSR). Twenty-four-hour FSR significantly greater ES than REST ( P = 0.003). Exchange phenylalanine −194 ± 74...
The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the evidence behind dietary requirement protein and health effects varying intake in healthy adults. literature search covered years 2000-2011. Prospective cohort, case-control, intervention studies were included. Out a total 5,718 abstracts, 412 full papers identified as potentially relevant, after careful scrutiny, 64 quality graded A (highest), B, or C. grade was classified convincing, probable, suggestive inconclusive. assessed as:...
This study investigated the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on acute responses adaptations to strength training. Thirty-two recreationally strength-trained men women were randomly allocated receive a supplement (1000 mg day(-1) 235 day(-1), respectively), or placebo, for 10 weeks. During this period participants' training involved heavy-load resistance exercise four times per week. Muscle biopsies from m. vastus lateralis collected, 1 repetition maximum (1RM) maximal isometric...
Mitochondrial health is critical to physiological function, particularly in tissues with high ATP turnover, such as striated muscle. It has been postulated that derangements skeletal muscle mitochondrial function contribute impaired physical older adults. Here, we determined respiratory capacity and coupling control biopsies obtained from young Twenty-four (28 ± 7 yr) thirty-one (62 8 adults were studied. respiration was permeabilized myofibers the vastus lateralis after addition of...
Abstract Context Consuming calories later in the day is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that eating a late dinner alters substrate metabolism during sleep manner promotes obesity. Objective The objective of this work to examine impact on nocturnal healthy volunteers. Design Setting This randomized crossover trial (LD, 22:00) vs routine (RD, 18:00), fixed period (23:00-07:00) laboratory setting. Participants comprised 20 volunteers (10 male, 10 female), age...
Age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage are primary causes for multiple health problems including sarcopenia cardiovascular disease (CVD). Though the role of Nrf2, a transcription factor that regulates cytoprotective gene expression, in myopathy remains poorly defined, it has shown beneficial properties both CVD. Sulforaphane (SFN), natural compound Nrf2-related activator genes, provides protection several states CVD is various stages clinical trials, from cancer...
This study tests the hypotheses that (a) a mixture of whey protein, amino acids (AA), and carbohydrates (CHO) stimulates net muscle protein synthesis to greater extent than isoenergetic CHO alone after resistance exercise; (b) stimulatory effect AA, will last beyond 1st hour intake. Eight subjects participated in 2 trials. In one (PAAC), they ingested 77.4 g CHO, 17.5 4.9 AA 1 hr exercise. other (CON), 100 was instead. They received primed constant infusion L-[2H5]-phenylalanine, samples...
We have examined the effect of a hemodialysis-induced 40% reduction in plasma amino acid concentrations on rates muscle protein synthesis and breakdown normal swine. Muscle kinetics were measured by tracer methodology using [ 2 H 5 ]phenylalanine [1- 13 C]leucine analysis femoral arterial venous samples tissue biopsies. Net release was accelerated during dialysis. Phenylalanine utilization for reduced from basal value 45 ± 8 to 25 6 nmol · min −1 100 ml leg between 30 60 after start dialysis...
In previous work, extravascular expansion was observed to be enhanced by isoflurane anesthesia in sheep when a crystalloid bolus administered. The aim of the current study further elaborate these investigations humans and explore use population kinetics analysis fluid shifts.Eleven healthy volunteers participated two experiments each, either awake or anesthetized, during which they received 25 ml/kg saline, 0.9%, intravenously over 20 min. Plasma dilution data were derived from repeated...
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects early outpatient exercise on muscle mass, function, and fractional synthetic rate in severely burned children.Forty-seven children with ≥40% total body surface area burn performed a 12-wk standard care rehabilitation (SOC, n = 23) or rehabilitative training (RET, 24) immediately after hospital discharge. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry used assess lean mass (LBM) at discharge, posttreatment, 12 months post-burn. Muscle function...
Elevated metabolic rate is a hallmark of the stress response to severe burn injury. This mediated in part by adrenergic and responsive changes ambient temperature. We hypothesize that uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation skeletal muscle mitochondria contributes increased survivors. Here, we determined mitochondrial function healthy severely burned adults. Indirect calorimetry was used estimate patients. Quadriceps biopsies were collected on two separate occasions (11 ± 5 21 8 days...
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in thermoregulation rodents. Its temperature homeostasis people is less studied. To this end, we recruited 18 men [8 individuals with no/minimal BAT activity (BAT-) and 10 pronounced (BAT+)]. Each volunteer participated a 6 h, individualized, non-shivering cold exposure protocol. was quantified using positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Body core skin temperatures were measured telemetric pill wireless thermistors, respectively....
ABSTRACT Children who are burned >40% total body surface area lose significant quantities of both bone and muscle mass because acute resorption, inflammation, endogenous glucocorticoid production, which result in negative nitrogen balance. Because administration the bisphosphonate pamidronate within 10 days burn injury completely prevents loss, we asked whether protein balance was altered by preservation bone. We reviewed results from 17 pediatric subjects previously enrolled a...