A5070022138- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Social Sciences and Governance
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- French Urban and Social Studies
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Healthcare Systems and Practices
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Plant Disease Management Techniques
- Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Powdery Mildew Fungal Diseases
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
2014-2024
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
2009
Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech
1996-2003
Summary A large database of invasive forest pathogens ( IFP s) was developed to investigate the patterns and determinants invasion in Europe. Detailed taxonomic biological information on species combined with country‐specific data land use, climate, time since identify invasiveness, differentiate class environments which share territorial climate features associated a susceptibility invasion. s increased exponentially last four decades. Until 1919, already present moved across Then, new were...
During a survey of Phytophthora diversity in natural ecosystems Taiwan six new species were detected. Multigene phylogeny based on the nuclear ITS, ß-tubulin and HSP90 mitochondrial cox1 NADH1 gene sequences demonstrated that they belong to ITS Clade 7a with P. europaea , uniformis rubi cambivora being their closest relatives. All differed from each other related by unique combination morphological characters, breeding system, cardinal temperatures growth rates. Four homothallic species,...
A method based on real‐time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) and the use of rotating‐arm spore traps was developed for quantifying airborne H ymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus ascospores. The sensitive reproducible, collection efficiency 10% spores present in air. temporal ascospore dispersal pattern studied over 3 years by collecting every 15 days a 24 h air‐sampling period during ash‐growing season. highest production detected from end June to beginning September. overall did not differ...
Abstract High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) is a powerful tool that enables the simultaneous detection and potential identification of any organisms present in sample. The growing interest application HTS technologies for routine diagnostics plant health laboratories triggering development guidelines on how to prepare performing testing. This paper describes general technical recommendations guide through complex process preparing laboratory tests within existing quality assurance systems....
Summary Ash dieback, caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, has been observed in Europe for several years. In Belgium, disease was first reported 2010. Besides crown defoliation and collar lesions have sometimes reported. To evaluate prevalence progression of ash dieback‐affected stands various ages, a survey conducted 2013 2014 on 268 trees ( Fraxinus excelsior ) originating from 17 Walloon forest stands. The results showed that proportion with greatly increased between June...
Abstract An efficient procedure has been developed for DNA extraction from cotton by modifying the original CTAB method. The major improvement concerns use of activated charcoal to bind resinous and coloured compounds which copurify with DNA. efficiency amplification RAPD was used as a criterion evaluate action charcoal. Twenty‐five random decamers Operon Technologies were compare samples extracted in presence or absence results terms suggest that enhances amplification. This technique...
Abstract The genus Phytophthora comprises many economically and ecologically important plant pathogens. Hybrid species have previously been identified in at least six of the 12 phylogenetic clades. These hybrids can potentially infect a wider host range display enhanced vigour compared to their progenitors. therefore pose serious threat agriculture as well natural ecosystems. Early correct identification is essential for adequate protection but this hampered by limitations morphological...
Abstract Forest disease management relies principally on a preventive approach in which epidemiological surveillance plays crucial role. However, efficient and cost‐effective methods are not currently available for large spatial scales. Nevertheless, aerobiological networks have been set up several decades many countries to monitor pollen dispersal provide real‐time assessments of allergenic risk. Here, we suggest that the same could be used forest pathogens. Using molecular methods,...
Summary A real time PCR assay was developed for the detection of Chalara fraxinea in common ash. primers and Taqman probes, based on internal transcribed spacer region multi‐copy gene rDNA, were tested specificity sensitivity. The amplified an 81 bp fragment C. but did not amplify DNA from other species or fungi isolated ash, whether pathogenic saprophytic. limit 5 pg genomic per PCR. Moreover, naturally‐infected samples correctly diagnosed. procedure extraction woody tissues using electric...
Forest diseases caused by invasive fungal pathogens are becoming more common, sometimes with dramatic consequences to forest ecosystems. The development of early detection systems is necessary for efficient surveillance and mitigate the impact pathogens. Windborne spores an important pathway introduction into new areas; design spore trapping devices adapted forests, capable collecting different types spores, aligned molecular methods pathogen, should help managers anticipate disease...
Abstract Purpose of Review Because tree seeds have been considered a low-risk pathway for the spread plant pathogenic fungi, their international movement is not subject to strict phytosanitary regulation. However, recent studies provided scientific evidence that biosecurity risk seed trade may be as negligible assumed. This review summarises current knowledge about activity across world and seed-borne fungi highlights gaps need filled mitigate spreading pathogens via seeds. Recent Findings...
Following a report of Phytophthora pluvialis in the United Kingdom 2021 (Pérez-Sierra et al., 2022), surveillance for this forest pathogen started 2023 southern Belgium. Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) was surveyed as it is an economically important conifer species and major host P. pluvialis. Fifteen plantations close to streams were visited between May October. Two monitoring methods used: checking trees symptoms disease (shoot dieback, resinous cankers, needle loss) baiting using qPCR...
Since the early 1990s, European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) has been affected by a lethal disease caused ascomycete fungus, Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus, originally known under name of its anamorph, Chalara fraxinea (2,4). Pathogenicity H. pseudoalbidus was demonstrated inoculations on young trees (3). This emerging pathogen induces necrosis leaf rachises, wilting and shedding, bark necrosis, wood discoloration as well shoot, twig, branch dieback. First observed in Poland, dieback now occurs...
Identification of resistance to Phytophthora × alni could provide the basis for a management strategy against alder decline in riparian ecosystems Europe. This study aimed test methods evaluate alders disease, and screen genotypes resistance. isolates were compared their aggressiveness (lesion length on stem) sporulation capacity (sporangia). While no difference lesion lengths was found between isolates, sporangia production dependent isolate, highlighting need careful selection used...
Abstract Isolates of alder Phytophthora were collected in the southern part Belgium on riverbanks planted with Alnus glutinosa and A. incana . They compared strains isolated other European countries terms maximum temperature for growth, oogonia shape, pathogenicity seedlings genetic traits. Using both molecular techniques [random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) random microsatellite (RAMS)], two groups isolates identified, first group being further divided into subgroups, Ia Ib, using RAPD....
Given the high importance of an accurate detection for quarantine plant pathogens, and risk false positive or negative results, a method must be correctly validated. A statistical procedure has been developed to determine cycle cut off corresponding limit in real‐time PCR, considering results 1% probability 95%. The presented this paper is easy develop can applied any pathogen detected by PCR.
To validate a real‐time PCR method for the detection of Phytophthora ramorum , an intra‐laboratory procedure was developed. The specificity TaqMan probe/primer sets determined by carrying out on total DNA extracted from pure culture several species. limit and potential effects plant substrates were evaluated conducting test healthy materials ( Rhododendron spp., Viburnum spp. Pieris spp.) spiked with known amounts P. genomic DNA. efficiency estimated through linear regression dilution curve....