We developed a sampler for collecting atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitropolycyclic (NPAHs) by attaching glass column packed with XAD-4 resin to the gas sampling port of high-volume air equipped filter. When upper bottom layers were 64 g 32 resin, respectively, all PAHs NPAHs in phase quantitatively collected without any break through, while particle on samples at suburban downtown Kanazawa using proposed sampler. It was found that about 95% 2-3 ring more than 99%...

The effects of inorganic and organic additives on the hydration structure crystal surface have been discussed in X-ray reflectivity studies molecular dynamics simulations. We now demonstrate their by conducting situ observations at a growing calcite frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM). show scale change supersaturated solution CaCO3 addition magnesium ions hydrophilic polypeptide. FM-AFM images revealed that increase number layers terrace from two to four layers. On other...

A new, simple method of modifying the adherend metal surface by a liquid Ga-Sn alloy (Adlloy) was applied to dental precious and base-metal alloys for adhesion with 4-META adhesive resin. Adhesions resin three other states-as-polished, oxidized at high temperature, electroplated tin-were also performed comparison on Adlloy-modified surfaces. Bond strength measurements were made, durability against water adhering interface evaluated. The gold (Type IV 14 K) silverbasedalloys (Ag-Pd Ag-Cu)...

Alkaline-heat-treated titanium self-forms an apatite surface layer in vivo. The aim of the present study was to materialistically characterize alkaline-heat-treated immersed simulated body fluid (AHS-TI) and examine differentiation behavior osteoblasts on AHS-TI. SEM, thin-film XRD, FTIR, XPS analyses revealed that AHS-TI contained a 1.0-μm-thick, low-crystalline, [002] direction-oriented carbonate surface. Human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells were cultured polystyrene, titanium, AHS-TI,...

Airborne particulates were collected in three different size fractions (>7 <TEX>${\mu}m$</TEX>; 2.1-7 < 2.1 <TEX>${\mu}m$</TEX>) by using Andersen low-volume air samplers at sites Tieling city, Liaoning Province, a typical local city northeast China, every season during the period from July 2003 to May 2004. Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and seven nitropolycyclic (NPAHs) airborne determined HPLC with fluorescence chemiluminescence detection, respectively. The mean total...

Clarification of the details interface structure between liquids and solids is crucial for understanding fundamental processes physical functions. Herein, we investigate tetraglyme graphite propose a model based on observation frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy in liquids. The ordering distorted adsorption were observed. It found that stably adsorbs graphite. Density functional theory calculations supported structure. In liquid phase, there layered molecular distribution with an...

Aragonite is a high-pressure phase of calcium carbonate crystals. However, aragonite formed under normal pressure with the help biomineralization. Although it important to observe growth features understand mechanism surface, only few research groups have succeeded in observing steps. In this study, we performed observation (001) face natural crystal surface at atomic scale by newly developed frequency modulation force microscopy (FM-AFM). On aragonite, several islands flat terraces were...

An on‑line concentration and fluorescence determination HPLC for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater was proposed. online column packed with octadecyl polyvinyl alcohol polymer, a pump switching valve were introduced the conventional detector. Only 1.0–100 mL sample into at 1.0 min−1 without any other pretreatment except filtration. Then trapped PAHs totally flew separation eluted separately to be detected fluorogenically. The proposed method had good linearity correlation...

We studied the surface structure and hydration of a bioinert mix-charged self-assembled monolayer (MC-SAM) comprised sulfonic acid (SA)- trimethylamine (TMA)-terminated thiols in liquid by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) at molecular-scale. The TMA end groups showed highly-ordered rectangular arrangement on gold substrate phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Highly structured water was observed interface MC-SAM PBS, whereas less bioactive SAMs such as those with OH- COO-...

Aragonite is a high-pressure phase of calcium carbonate crystals. However, aragonite formed under normal pressure with the help biomineralization. Although it important to observe growth features understand mechanism surface, only few research groups have succeeded in observing steps. In this study, we performed observation (001) face natural crystal surface at atomic scale by newly developed frequency modulation force microscopy (FM-AFM). On aragonite, several islands flat terraces were...

Abstract Understanding and controlling the mechanism of energy conversion related to development a sustainable society not only make our lives more convenient but also them meaningful enrichens us. The physical properties at interface between solid liquid (solid/liquid interface) play significant role in conversion. solid/liquid is buried spatially limited, thus clarifying atomic scale challenging. In this review, we describe achievements by using frequency modulation force microscopy for...

A new, simple surface modification method for adherend metals has been developed. It gives high bond strength and superior water durability to dental precious-metal alloys bonded with 4-META/ MMA-TBB resin. However, there was no effect on the bonding of Ag-In-Zn alloy base-metal alloys. In present study, surfaces modified by new were analyzed ESCA SEM determination details effect. alloying layer containing Ga Sn formed The main factor excellent adhesion be achieved formation a very thin 2 O...

Recent advance in tissue engineering therapy requires new scaffold materials. Acidic gelatine powders (10 wt%) were, thus, dissolved water, were or not cross-linked, and freeze-dried. After sterilization, prepared small sponges implanted 7-week-old Fisher's rats' subcutaneous tissues for up to 2 weeks. Sponges absorbed body fluid changed into hydro-gels vivo. Non-cross-linked within 3 days, while cross-linked eliminated after 7 days' implantation. Histological observations revealed that the...

Recent advancements in computational science and interfacial measurements have sparked interest microscopic water droplets their diverse behaviors. A previous study using nonlinear spectroscopy revealed the heterogeneous wetting phenomenon of silica glass response to humidity. Building on this premise, we employed high-resolution atomic force microscopy investigate dynamics surfaces at various humidity levels. Our observations spontaneous formation nano-water a relative 50%. In contrast...

Airborne particulates were collected in three different size fractions (>7 μm; 2.1–7 < 2.1 μm) by using Andersen low-volume air samplers at sites Tieling city, Liaoning Province, a typical local city northeast China, every season during the period from July 2003 to May 2004. Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and seven nitropolycyclic (NPAHs) airborne determined HPLC with fluorescence chemiluminescence detection, respectively. The mean total concentrations of nine PAHs NPAHs...