A5067294579- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Medical and Biological Ozone Research
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Human Health and Disease
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Biomarkers in Disease Mechanisms
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Animal testing and alternatives
- Oral and gingival health research
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
ICF International (United States)
2019-2025
Environmental Protection Agency
2014-2023
Research Triangle Park Foundation
2014-2023
Elements Biosciences (United States)
2023
National Center for Environmental Assessment (EPA)
2022
Triangle
2022
National Institutes of Health
2014
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2014
United States Department of Defense
2009
Auckland City Hospital
1994
Air pollution has been associated with increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes; however, the mechanisms remain unknown. We have shown that acute ozone exposure in rats induces release stress hormones, hyperglycemia, leptinemia, and glucose intolerance are global changes peripheral glucose, lipid, amino acid metabolism.To examine ozone-induced metabolic derangement humans using serum metabolomic assessment, establish human-to-rodent coherence, identify novel nonprotein biomarkers.Serum...
Acute ozone exposure increases circulating stress hormones and induces metabolic alterations in animals. We hypothesized that the increase of adrenal-derived is necessary for both ozone-induced effects lung injury. Male Wistar-Kyoto rats underwent bilateral adrenal demedullation (DEMED), total adrenalectomy (ADREX), or sham surgery (SHAM). After a 4 day recovery, were exposed to air (1 ppm), h/day 1 2 days responses assessed immediately postexposure. Circulating adrenaline levels dropped...
Particulate matter (PM)-associated metals can contribute to adverse cardiopulmonary effects following exposure air pollution. The aim of this study was investigate how variation in the composition and size ambient PM collected from two distinct regions Mexico City relates toxicity differences. Male Wistar Kyoto rats (14 wk) were intratracheally instilled with chemically characterized PM10 PM2.5 north south (3 mg/kg). Both water-soluble acid-leachable fractions contained several metals,...
Diesel exhaust (DE) exposure induces adverse cardiopulmonary effects. Cerium oxide nanoparticles added to diesel fuel (DECe) increases burning efficiency but leads altered emission characteristics and potentially health Here, we evaluated whether DECe results in greater pulmonary effects compared with DE. Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed filtered air, DE, or for 5 h/day 2 days. N-acetyl glucosaminidase activity was increased bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of not There also...
Acute ozone inhalation increases circulating stress hormones through activation of the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes. Rats with adrenalectomy (AD) have attenuated ozone-induced lung responses. We hypothesized that exposure will induce changes in pituitary-derived global gene expression brainstem hypothalamus, AD ameliorate these effects. Male Wistar-Kyoto rats (13 weeks) underwent sham surgery (SHAM) or were exposed to (0.8 ppm) filtered-air for 4 h....
Previous studies have demonstrated that exposure to the pulmonary irritant ozone causes myriad systemic metabolic and effects attributed sympathetic hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, which are exacerbated in metabolically impaired models. We examined respiratory following a sensory acrolein elucidate consequences healthy diabetic rat Male Wistar Goto Kakizaki (GK) rats, nonobese type II Wistar-derived model, were exposed by inhalation 0, 2, or 4 ppm acrolein, h/d for 1 2...
Background: Inhaled irritant air pollutants may trigger stress-related metabolic dysfunction associated with altered circulating adrenal-derived hormones. Objectives: We used implantable telemetry in rats to assess real-time changes glucose during and after exposure ozone mechanistically linked responses neuroendocrine stress Methods: First, using a cross-over design, we monitored exposures (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 ppm) nonexposure periods male Wistar Kyoto implanted telemeters. A second cohort...
The incidence of acute rheumatic fever in New Zealand remains relatively high. Reliable early diagnosis carditis is difficult and important management.To determine if Doppler echocardiography contributed to the fever.Forty-seven patients admitted hospital with suspected 19 control patients, a febrile illness due documented non-cardiac bacterial infection, were assessed two days weeks following admission. Presence or absence clinical was determined by cardiologist unaware diagnosis, from...
We have shown that acute ozone inhalation activates sympathetic-adrenal-medullary and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal stress axes, adrenalectomy (AD) inhibits ozone-induced lung injury inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized hormone receptor agonists (β2 adrenergic-β2AR glucocorticoid-GR) will restore the phenotype in AD, while exacerbating effects sham-surgery (SH) rats. Male Wistar Kyoto rats underwent SH or AD were treated with vehicles (saline + corn oil) β2AR agonist clenbuterol (CLEN,...
Air pollution exposure is associated with cardiovascular events triggered by clot formation. Endothelial activation and initiation of coagulation are pathophysiological mechanisms that could link inhaled air pollutants to vascular events. Here we investigated the underlying increased endothelial cell procoagulant activity following soluble components ultrafine particles (soluble UF). Human coronary artery cells (HCAEC) were exposed UF assessed for their ability trigger in platelet-free...
Exposure of the airways to cigarette smoke (CS) is primary risk factor for developing several lung diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). CS consists a complex mixture over 6000 chemicals including highly reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehyde acrolein. Acrolein thought be responsible large proportion non-cancer disease associated with smoking. Emerging evidence suggest key role CS-induced abnormalities in mitochondrial morphology and function airway epithelial cells COPD...
Fish, olive, and coconut oil dietary supplementation have several cardioprotective benefits, but it is not established if they protect against air pollution-induced adverse effects. We hypothesized that these supplements would attenuate ozone-induced systemic pulmonary Male Wistar Kyoto rats were fed either a normal diet, or diet supplemented with fish, for 8 weeks. Animals then exposed to ozone (0.8 ppm), 4 h/day 2 days. Ozone exposure increased phenylephrine-induced aortic vasocontraction,...
Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that increased ozone exposure during gestation may compromise fetal growth. In particular, the implantation stage of pregnancy is considered a key window susceptibility for this outcome. Objectives: The main goals study were to investigate effects short-term inhalation on growth outcomes and explore potential alterations in uterine arterial flow as contributing mechanism. Methods: Pregnant Long-Evans rats exposed filtered air, 0.4 ppm ozone, or 0.8...
Individuals with psychosocial stress often experience an exaggerated response to air pollutants. Ozone (O3) exposure has been associated the activation of neuroendocrine stress-response system. We hypothesized that preexistent mild chronic plus social isolation (CS), or (SI) alone, would exacerbate acute effects O3 on circulating adrenal-derived hormones, and expression genes regulating glucocorticoid signaling via altered adaptation in a brain-region-specific manner. Male Wistar-Kyoto rats...